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101.
青岛近海沉积物中多环芳烃、多氯联苯和有机氯农药的含量和分布特征 总被引:19,自引:11,他引:8
利用气相色谱/质谱方法对青岛近海表层沉积物中多环芳烃(PAHs)、多氯联苯(PCBs)和有机氯农药(OCPs)进行了测定,并分析了PAHs、PCBs和OCPs的分布特征.结果表明,PAHs、PCBs和OCPs的均值分别为684.80、6.87和13.52ng·g-1,含量变化均呈近岸高、远岸低的分布规律.燃料的高温燃烧排放对本研究海域沉积物中PAHs有较大贡献;PCBs主要来源于工业及生活排放,但已受到控制;沉积物中HCHs存在工业和农业双重污染源输入,DDT主要是由于历史上使用农药造成,且在表层沉积物中受到好氧微生物降解.与国内外同类研究结果相比,调查海域沉积物中PAHs、PCBs和OCPs的污染程度及生态风险均处于较低水平. 相似文献
102.
Potential particulate pollution derived from UV-induced degradation of
odorous dimethyl sulfide 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
UV-induced degradation of odorous dimethyl sulfide (DMS) was carried out in a static White cell chamber with UV irradiation. The
combination of in situ Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometer, gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS), wide-range
particle spectrometer (WPS) technique, filter sampling and ion chromatographic (IC) analysis was used to monitor the gaseous and
potential particulate products. During 240 min of UV irradiation, the degradation e ciency of DMS attained 20.9%, and partially
oxidized sulfur-containing gaseous products, such as sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbonyl sulfide (OCS), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO),
dimethyl sulfone (DMSO2) and dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) were identified by in situ FT-IR and GC-MS analysis, respectively.
Accompanying with the oxidation of DMS, suspended particles were directly detected to be formed by WPS techniques. These
particles were measured mainly in the size range of accumulation mode, and increased their count median diameter throughout
the whole removal process. IC analysis of the filter samples revealed that methanesulfonic acid (MSA), sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and
other unidentified chemicals accounted for the major non-refractory compositions of these particles. Based on products analysis and
possible intermediates formed, the degradation pathways of DMS were proposed as the combination of the O(1D)- and the OH- initiated
oxidation mechanisms. A plausible formation mechanism of the suspended particles was also analyzed. It is concluded that UV-induced
degradation of odorous DMS is potentially a source of particulate pollutants in the atmosphere. 相似文献
103.
Carbonyl sulfide (COS) and dimethyl sulfide (DMS) fluxes from an urban Cynodon dactylon lawn and adjacent bare soil were
measured during April–July 2005 in Guangzhou, China. Both the lawn and bare soil acted as sinks for COS and sources for DMS.
The mean fluxes of COS and DMS in the lawn (–19.27 and 18.16 pmol/(m2 sec), respectively) were significantly higher than those
in the bare soil (–9.89 and 9.35 pmol/(m2 sec), respectively). Fluxes of COS and DMS in mowed lawn were also higher than those
in bare soils. Both COS and DMS fluxes showed diurnal variation with detectable but much lower values in the nighttime than in the
daytime. COS fluxes were related significantly to temperature and the optimal temperature for COS uptake was 29°C. While positive
linear correlations were found between DMS fluxes and temperature. COS fluxes increased linearly with ambient COS mixing ratios,
and had a compensation point of 336 ppt. 相似文献
104.
TiO2 nanotubes as solid-phase extraction adsorbent for the determination of
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in environmental water samples 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Bochra Bejaoui Kefi Latifa Latrous El Atrache Hafedh Kochkar Abdelhamid Ghorbel 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2011,23(5):860-867
An analytical method based on TiO2 nanotubes solid-phase extraction (SPE) combined with gas chromatography (GC) was
established for the analysis of seven polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs): acenaphtylene, acenaphthene, anthracene, fluorene,
phenanthrene, fluoranthene and pyrene. Factors a ecting the extraction e ciency including the eluent type and its volume, adsorbent
amount, sample volume, sample pH and sample flow rate were optimized. The characteristic data of analytical performance were
determined to investigate the sensitivity and precision of the method. Under the optimized extraction conditions, the method showed
good linearity in the range of 0.01–0.8 g/mL, repeatability of the extraction (RSD were between 6.7% and 13.5%, n = 5) and
satisfactory detection limits (0.017–0.059 ng/mL). The developed method was successfully applied to the analysis of surface water
(tap, river and dam) samples. The recoveries of PAHs spiked in environmental water samples ranged from 90% to 100%. All the results
indicated the potential application of titanate nanotubes as solid-phase extraction adsorbents to pre-treat water samples. 相似文献
105.
Sedimentary record of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Lake Erhai,
Southwest China 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Jianyang Guo Zhang Liang Haiqing Liao Zhi Tang Xiaoli Zhao Fengchang Wu 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2011,23(8):1308-1315
The temporal distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was investigated in a sediment core from Lake Erhal in Southwest China using gas-chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) method.The total organic carbon (TOC) normalized total PAHs concentrations (sum of US Environmental Protection Agency proposed 16 priority PAHs) ranged from 31.9 to 269 μg/g dry weight (dw),and were characterized by a slowly increasing stage in the deeper sediments and a sharp increasing stage in the upper sediments.The PAHs in the sediments were dominated by low molecular weight (LMW) PAHs,suggesting that the primary source of PAHs was low- and moderate temperature combustion processes.However,both the significant increase in high molecular weight (HMW) PAHs in the upper sediments and the vertical profile of diagnostic ratios pointed out a change in the sources of PAHs from low-temperature combustion to high-temperature combustion.The ecotoxicological assessment based on consensus-based sediment quality guidelines implied that potential adverse biological impacts were possible for benzo(ghi)perylenelene and most LMW PAHs.In addition,the total BaP equivalent quotient of seven carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (BaA,CHr,BbF,BkF,BaP,DBA and INP) was 106.1 ng/g,according to the toxic equivalency factors.Although there was no great biological impact associated with the HMW PAlls,great attention should be paid to these PAH components based on their rapid increase in the upper sediments. 相似文献
106.
107.
108.
文章针对日照钢铁集团公司2150热轧水处理工程浊环水处理方案选择,对传统沉淀过滤法和先进的稀土磁盘法进行了对比和分析,稀土磁盘法在效果、占地、投资和运行维护费用上有较多优势,最终选用该工艺。 相似文献
109.
以Al2(SO)4和PDMDAAC为原料进行了无机-有机复合絮凝剂的复合实验研制,确定其制备工艺条件,并对油田现场采集的钻井废水作絮凝沉降实验,所研制的PAS-PDMDAAC复合絮凝剂对COD的去除效率可大大提高. 相似文献
110.
为探讨城市建筑物对其周围土壤中多环芳烃(PAHs)含量与分布的影响,对建筑物勒脚或散水边缘(B)和距建筑物5m(B-5)处20个表层土壤样品中16种优控PAHs进行了检测分析.结果表明,B处土壤中∑16PAHs含量为824~8960ng/g,平均为2649ng/g;B-5处土壤中∑16PAHs含量为637~1706ng/g,平均为1297ng/g,B处PAHs含量远高于B-5.各样点主要以4环和5环PAHs为主,B处3环PAHs含量高于B-5处.其中∑4PAHs(Fl、Pyr、InP和BghiP)含量分别占B和B-5土壤中∑16PAHs的48%和45%.参照Maliszewska-Kordybach建立的土壤PAHs污染标准,HJ-5、AJ、AJ-5、EB-5和TC-5属于中等污染程度(600~1000ng/g),其余各样点均属于重度污染(1000ng/g).B处土壤中TOC相对B-5处有富集趋势,B和B-5处土壤中PAHs与TOC无明显的相关性.BaA、Chry、B(b/k)F、BaP、InP和DahA是B和B-5处土壤中TEQBaP浓度的主要贡献者.溯源结果表明B和B-5处土壤中PAHs主要来源于煤炭、汽油和柴油的燃烧;B-5土壤中PAHs部分可能来源于石油类的泄漏. 相似文献