用蒸压法制备新型粉煤灰水泥的研究

以粉煤灰、石灰为主要原料，经混合料制备、成型、蒸压、低温焙烧、粉磨工艺制备的新型水泥既具有普通水泥的胶凝特性，又同时具有水化热低、后期强度高的特点，对过程工艺参数、物料配比对新型水泥的质量影响进行了研究，该工艺有望为粉煤灰在水泥行业的规模化利用提供技术支持。     

冬季人工湿地工程对三氯生的去除效果

为了明确北方大规模人工湿地在冬季对TCS(三氯生)的去除效果,在山东省境内4个典型的大规模人工湿地(即武河人工湿地、大沙河人工湿地、新薛河人工湿地和洸府河人工湿地)内于冬季(2013年12月—2014年1月)进行取样,以超高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定人工湿地进出水中ρ(TCS),并分析不同湿地对TCS的去除效果. 结果表明:TCS在4个人工湿地系统进出水中均有检出,由于各人工湿地系统均承接当地污水处理厂尾水,冬季进水中ρ(TCS)偏高,为(800.81±83.37)~(1 151.00±47.13) ng/L,并以武河人工湿地为最高. 虽然人工湿地对TCS的去除率达22.44%~78.82%,但经由人工湿地处理后出水中仍含有较高浓度的TCS残留,经由人工湿地出水进入下游水体的TCS日释放量仍较高,其中洸府河人工湿地出水中高达92.60 g. 因此,冬季各人工湿地对TCS的去除效果在低温影响下有所降低,并且对下游水体和人类健康的威胁不容忽视.      

低温水解酸化-A~2/O（PACT）-混凝沉淀处理印染废水

低温条件下对水解酸化-A2/O（PACT）-混凝沉淀组合工艺处理印染废水进行了中试研究。考察印染废水中COD和色度去除效果,结果表明：低温对工艺负面影响较大,未加粉末活性炭时好氧段COD和色度的去除率分别为42.6%和58.9%;投加粉末活性炭后,去除率分别达55.8%和65.4%,提高了13.2%和6.5%,显示出低...     

Anomalous Ba/Ca signals associated with low temperature stresses in Porites corals from Daya Bay, northern South China Sea

Barium to calcium (Ba/Ca) ratio in corals has been considered as a useful geochemical proxy for upwelling, river flood and other oceanic processes. However, recent studies indicated that additional environmental or biological factors can influence the incorporation of Ba into coral skeletons. In this study, Ba/Ca ratios of two Porites corals collected from Daya Bay, northern South China Sea were analyzed. Ba/Ca signals in the two corals were ‘anomalous’ in comparison with Ba behaviors seen in other near-shore corals influenced by upwelling or riverine runoff. Our Ba/Ca profiles displayed similar and remarkable patterns characterized by low and randomly fluctuating background signals periodically interrupted by sharp and large synchronous peaks, clearly indicating an environmental forcing. Further analysis indicated that the Ba/Ca profiles were not correlated with previously claimed environmental factors such as precipitation, coastal upwelling, anthropogenic activities or phytoplankton blooms in other areas. The maxima of Ba/Ca appeared to occur in the period of Sr/Ca maxima, coinciding with the winter minimum temperatures, which suggests that the anomalous high Ba/Ca signals were related to winter-time low sea surface temperature. We speculated that the Ba/Ca peaks in corals of the Daya Bay were most likely the results of enrichment of Ba-rich particles in their skeletons when coral polyps retracted under the stresses of anomalous winter low temperatures. In this case, Ba/Ca ratio in relatively high-latitude corals can be a potential proxy for tracing the low temperature stress.     

城镇污水污泥低温氧化放热特性的恒温量热分析

针对干化后城镇污水污泥的低温氧化和自加热问题,采用恒温量热分析方法对含水率为10％-70％(干基)的污泥在5个温度(30～70℃)下的低温氧化放热特性进行了实验研究.结果 表明:污泥的低温氧化放热主要有3种机制,包括微生物生化氧化、无机成分(Fe/S/O系统)氧化和有机质化学氧化,污泥的低温氧化放热特性是3种机制综合表...     

介质阻挡放电协同光催化降解硫化氢废气

恶臭是一种感觉公害,极大地危害着人们的身体健康和生活的安宁舒适,其中含硫恶臭气体是最为典型的一类,目前恶臭物质的治理问题成为一项重要的任务.为了达到理想的去除效果,该文在传统的介质阻挡放电技术上,协同由2种不同基体上沉积有纳米二氧化钛的催化剂降解硫化氢废气,分别采用单独DBD放电、协同催化的一段式、两段式系统研究了不同参数(输入电压、气体流量、初始浓度)对硫化氢废气降解效率的影响,并对比研究了在单独低温等离子技术及其协同催化剂的情况下,反应系统中臭氧、二氧化氮浓度的变化,对降解途径进行了分析讨论.结果 表明:随输入电压增大,以及在污染气体初始浓度和流量较小时,反应器对硫化氢气体的去除效率增大;协同催化剂的反应系统中硫化氢去除效果明显增强,且副产物减少.     

Fe掺杂Mn-Ce多孔催化剂低温脱硝性能及甲苯的影响机制

采用硬模板法制备了Fe掺杂Mn-Ce多孔催化剂,评价了催化剂低温NH₃-SCR性能及甲苯对低温NH₃-SCR性能的影响;并通过XRD、BET、SEM、HRTEM、H₂-TPR、NH₃-TPD、XPS和原位红外等对催化剂理化性质进行了表征.结果表明Fe掺杂Mn-Ce多孔催化剂具有优异的低温NH₃-SCR性能.高浓度甲苯抑制低温NH₃-SCR性能是因为甲苯的不完全氧化消耗催化剂表面的吸附氧.同时甲苯及其不完全氧化产物(主要为苯甲酸盐)不断覆盖催化剂表面的活性位点,与NH₃/NO_x的吸附和活化形成竞争关系,从而阻碍E-R和L-H机理.Fe的掺杂使得催化剂表面晶格氧浓度上升,并提高了晶格氧的迁移能力.当NH₃-SCR反应中存在甲苯时,通过Mn⁴⁺+Ce³⁺?Mn³⁺+Ce⁴⁺、Fe²⁺+Ce...     

Fe2O3 particles as superior catalysts for low temperature selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH3

Fe203 particle catalysts were experimentally studied in the low temperature selective catalytic reduction （SCR） of NO with NH3. The effects of reaction temperature, oxygen concentration, [NH3]/[NO] molar ratio and residence time on SCR activity were studied. It was found that Fe203 catalysts had high activity for the SCR of NO with NH3 in a broad temperature range of 150-270℃, and more than 95% NO conversion was obtained at 180℃ when the molar ratio [NH3]/[NO] = 1, the residence time was 0.48 seconds and 02 volume fraction was 3%. In addition, the effect of SO2 on SCR catalytic activity was also investigated at the temperature of 180℃. The results showed that deactivation of the Fe2O3 particles occurred due to the presence of SO2 and the NO conversion decreased from 99.2% to 58% in 240 min, since SO2 gradually decreased the catalytic activity of the catalysts. In addition, X-ray diffraction, Thermogravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to characterize the fresh and deactivated Fe2O3 catalysts. The results showed that the deactivation caused by SO2 was due to the formation of metal sulfates and ammonium sulfates on the catalyst surface during the de-NO reaction, which could cause pore plugging and result in suppression of the catalytic activity.     

低温条件下污水处理运行研究

低温是造成寒冷地区冬季生活污水生化处理效果差的主要原因。当温度降低至4cC左右时,活性污泥中大多数微生物的生长活性受到抑制,只有少数的耐冷微生物可以存活下来并保持一定的活性。本课题组以往的研究结果证明：在我国北方地区,完全可以分离到在低温下高效降解污水中有机物的耐冷细菌。通过投加耐冷茵可使污水的去除效率大大提高。但由于投加的耐冷茵的流失等原因,必须隔一定时间再次投菌,既费时费力,又增加投资。     

1961—2010年广西气温变化对全球变暖的响应

利用广西88 个气象站1961—2010 年的年平均气温和年极端最高、最低气温数据,运用GIS 技术、气候倾向率以及Mann-Kendall 突变检验方法对广西近50 a 气温的时空变化特征及突变特征进行分析。结果表明:在全球变暖影响下, 近50 a 广西全区年平均气温和年极端最高、最低气温总体上均呈上升趋势,其中年平均气温和年极端最低气温的气候倾向率均达到了极显著水平;年平均气温和年极端最高气温的突变时间分别为2001 年和2003 年,均比极端最低气温(1984 年) 晚了近20 a 左右;年极端最高和最低气温存在非对称变化。时空分布图表明,区域平均值忽略了研究区域内的差异,尽管近50 a 来广西气温区域平均值的总体变化呈上升趋势,但不同时期各地区间气温变化的趋势和幅度各有差异。