氰化物的异菸酸钠-巴比妥酸钠分光光度测定法改进探讨

本文阐述了研究工作场所空气中氰化氢和氰 化物的异菸酸钠-巴比妥酸钠分光光度测定方法.研究结果发现改变了缓冲液及显色溶液的pH值后,氰化物含量在0μg～2μg范围内呈线性关系.该方法简单适用,结果准确可靠,适合工作场所空气中氰化氢和氰化物含量的测定.     

重量法研究非离子表面活性剂对典型挥发性有机污染物的增溶作用

采用重量法研究了典型非离子表面活性剂（Tween-20、Tween-40、Tween-60、Tween-80）对以甲苯为代表的挥发性有机污染物（VOCs）的增溶作用.通过计算甲苯在初始和平衡状态的质量变化,确定甲苯在表面活性剂中的增溶量,比较了重量法与传统紫外分光光度法的测定结果,并计算分析4种表面活性剂增溶作用下甲苯...     

紫外差示分光光光度法直接测定废水中苯胺

苯胺在不同酸度溶液中具有不同的结构和紫外吸收光谱.以苯胺的酸溶液为参比液,以等浓度的苯胺水溶液为测定液,在280nm处测定苯胺含量.结果表明,当苯胺浓度为1～100mg/L时,吸光度与浓度之间存在良好的线性关系,据此建立了紫外差示分光光度法.该法不需分离可直接测定工业废水中苯胺含量,简便快速,回收率高于96.7％.     

二安替吡啉苯乙烯基甲烷分光光度法测定水中的钒

采用二安替吡啉苯乙烯基甲烷(DAVPM)分光光度法测定水中的钒。基于在磷酸+锰(Ⅱ)介质中,DAVPM被钒氧化成红色产物且最大吸收在540nm处,从而得到了灵敏度高、简便、快速、具有良好精密度和准确度的新方法。     

Organic matter produced by algae and cyanobacteria: Quantitative and qualitative characterization

This work aims at characterizing organic matter produced by an alga Euglena gracilis and a cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa and assessing the evolution of its characteristics during growth. A culture medium was optimized. The species growth phases were monitored using both visible spectrophotometry and flow cytometry cell counting. Organic matter fractionation according to hydrophobicity and specific UV absorbance (SUVA) index were used to specifically characterize the produced algal organic matter (AOM). The AOM characteristics were both growth phase and species dependent. However, a similar evolution was observed. The hydrophilic fraction (HPI) was the major fraction whatever the growth phases and was almost the only one produced during lag and exponential phases. It represented around 75% of AOM during exponential phase and then decreased when the stationary phase appeared. It represented 46% and 60% of the AOM during late decline phase for the cyanobacteria and the alga respectively. The hydrophobic (HPO) and transphilic (TPH) fractions started to appear from the beginning of the stationary phase with more hydrophobic compounds coming from intracellular organic material of dying cells. HPO and TPH percentages still increased during the decline phase probably because of two additional processes: photo-dissolution and leaching of particulate organic matter from cells fragments. A comparison of AOM during late decline phase and natural organic matter (NOM) from Glane River (France) underlined that AOM was more hydrophilic and presented a lower SUVA for each fractions than NOM. However, the difference between NOM and AOM hydrophobicity narrowed during decline phase.     

快速测定水中硫化物方法的研究

现今环境污染突发事故频繁发生,摆在我们环境监测工作者面前的首要任务是如何使我们的环境监测手段严、准、快。本文主要探讨硫化物快速监测方法与亚甲基蓝分光光度法的差异性,从而得出提高硫化物分析质量和速度方法的结论。     

水中汞的测定方法对比研究

水中存在重金属污染会严重影响人类身体健康，当水中存在汞时会对人的神经系统、肾脏及肝脏等部位造成不同程度的损害，本文中列举出几种常用的测定水中汞的方法，通过对比得出结论，来解决我们测定水中汞工作遇到的实际问题。     

用红外分光光度法测定地表水中石油类的探讨

对用红外分光光度法测定地表水中的石油类所遇到的问题进行了探讨：结合实际情况，减少取样量并简化分析步骤，进而减轻工作强度并且提高了工作效率和分析的准确度.检出限为0．003mg／L，低于国家标准给出的方法检出限0．01mg／L，提高了分析的精密度。     

钙离子络合－紫外分光光度法测定水中氰化物

本文通过实验证实，ＣＮ－与Ｃａ２＋形成的无色络合物在波长为２０２ｎｍ的紫外光区有最大吸收，摩尔吸光系数ε２０２为４４６×１０４。方法的最低检出浓度为０．００４６ｍｇ／Ｌ，检测上限０．２４ｍｇ／Ｌ。对标准水质质控样品的测定，回收率为９５１０～１０３．９２％。实验结果表明，本法具有简单、灵敏、快速、准确的特点。