AB法在虹桥污水处理厂的应用

乌鲁木齐虹桥污水处理厂采用AB活性污泥工艺,设计处理污水3×104m3/d,介绍了虹桥污水处理厂的工艺流程、设计参数、主要处理构筑物、运行状况、影响因素,并对AB活性污泥法的发展运行状况进行了分析和探讨。     

Denitrifying phosphorus removal in a step-feed CAST with alternatinganoxic-oxic operational strategy

A bench-scale cyclic activated sludge technology (CAST) was operated to study the biological phosphorus removal performance and a series of batch tests was carried out to demonstrate the accumulation of denitrifying polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (DNPAOs) in CAST system. Under all operating conditions, step-feed CAST with enough carbon sources in influent had the highest nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency as well as good sludge settling performance. The average removal rate of COD, NH₄⁺-N, PO₄³⁻ -P and total nitrogen (TN) was 88.2%, 98.7%, 97.5% and 92.1%, respectively. The average sludge volume index (SVI) was 133 mL/g. The optimum anaerobic/aerobic/anoxic (AOA) conditions for the cultivation of DNPAOs could be achieved by alternating anoxic/oxic operational strategy, thus a significant denitrifying phosphorus removal occurred in step-feed CAST. The denitrification of NOx− -N completed quickly due to step-feed operation and enough carbon sources, which could enhance phosphorus release and further phosphorus uptake capability of the system. Batch tests also proved that polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs) in the step-feed process had strong denitrifying phosphorus removal capacity. Both nitrate and nitrite could be used as electron acceptors in denitrifying phosphorus removal. Low COD supply with step-feed operation strategy would favor DNPAOs accumulation.     

Nitrogen removal via nitrite from municipal landfill leachate

A system consisting of a two-stage up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB), an anoxic/aerobic (A/O) reactor and a sequencingbatch reactor (SBR), was used to treat landfill leachate. During operation, denitrification and methanogenesis took place simultaneouslyin the first stage UASB, and the e uent chemical oxygen demand (COD) was further removed in the second stage UASB. Then thedenitrification of nitrite and nitrate in the returned sludge by using the residual COD was accomplished in the A/O reactor, and ammoniawas removed via nitrite in it. Last but not least, the residual ammonia was removed in SBR as well as nitrite and nitrate which wereproduced by nitrification. The results over 120 d (60 d for phase I and 60 d for phase II) were as follows: when the total nitrogen(TN) concentration of influent leachate was about 2500 mg/L and the ammonia nitrogen concentration was about 2000 mg/L, the shortcutnitrification with 85%–90% nitrite accumulation was achieved stably in the A/O reactor. The TN and ammonia nitrogen removale ciencies of the system were 98% and 97%, respectively. The residual ammonia, nitrite and nitrate produced during nitrification inthe A/O reactor could be washed out almost completely in SBR. The TN and ammonia nitrogen concentrations of final e uent wereabout 39 mg/L and 12 mg/L, respectively.     

生物法降解高氯酸盐及其优化研究

利用经过驯化处理的厌氧活性污泥来处理高氯酸盐废水,以醋酸根为碳源,通过摇床实验考察了碳源浓度、pH值、生长温度、泥量和溶解氧等因素对高氯酸盐降解率的影响,初步确定最佳反应条件.结果表明,在35℃、初始pH值为 8.0的条件下,添加1.2 g/L的醋酸根,1.0 g厌氧培养的活性污泥能将50 mg/Ｌ的高氯酸盐完全降解.体系中的溶解氧会抑制高氯酸盐的降解.此外,还考察了生物膜柱反应器连续处理高氯酸盐模拟废水的效果,结果表明完全降解高氯酸盐的最小停留时间为6 h.     

一体化工艺中反硝化聚磷菌比例测定研究

反硝化聚磷菌可以在缺氧条件下利用硝酸盐氮和亚硝酸盐氮作为电子受体完成吸磷过程,确定反硝化聚磷菌比例对于强化反硝化除磷作用具有重要意义。从一体化活性污泥工艺中取污泥混合液,加入蔗糖合200mg/LCOD后进行厌氧搅拌,2h后将厌氧污泥分成三等份,其中两份分别加入10mg/LNO3--N、10mg/LNO2--N后缺氧搅拌2h,另一份用充氧仪曝气2h。根据厌氧、缺氧/好氧交替过程中不同电子受体下的除磷量,可以简便的确定反硝化聚磷菌在全部聚磷菌中的比例,结果表明该一体化工艺中反硝化聚磷菌在全部聚磷菌中的比例达到98.92%。     

臭氧氧化法在活性污泥减量化中的应用初步研究

文章研究了臭氧氧化在污泥减量化中的效果,考察了氧化时间、污泥初始浓度和臭氧投加量等影响因素。结果表明采用臭氧氧化法不仅能使污泥减量,而且废水处理后可生化性显著提高。氧化时间及臭氧投加量增加,总COD去除率和可生化性也随之提高。     

某羊皮制革废水处理工程设计实例

制革废水由于含硫、铬等有毒物质,难以处理.某羊皮制革企业废水采用含铬、含硫废水分别单独用化学沉淀法处理,综合废水采用预沉淀/厌氧滤池(AF)/循环活性污泥法(CASS)处理工艺,出水COD 30.43-96.89 mg/L、NH3-N1.03-1.21 mg/L,效果良好.     

DO对同步硝化反硝化协同除磷的影响

采用序批式活性污泥反应器(SBR)处理模拟城市污水,在厌氧--好氧运行方式下,考察了DO对同步硝化反硝化协同除磷效果的影响.结果表明,DO的变化对该系统中有机物的去除影响不显著,当DO为1.5～2.0 mg/L时,TN及TP去除率均能达到90%以上,并可以应用pH曲线拐点来判断系统硝化过程是否完成.     

蛋白酶和EDTA-2Na协同作用对剩余污泥水解的影响

采用投加蛋白酶和螯合剂乙二胺四乙酸二钠(EDTA-2Na)联合预处理剩余污泥,研究了蛋白酶浓度、温度和EDTA-2Na浓度对污泥酶法水解释碳效果的影响.结果表明,蛋白酶浓度、温度和EDTA-2Na浓度对剩余污泥水解的影响具有协同效应.在最佳蛋白酶浓度20 mg/g TS条件下,剩余污泥释放的SCOD为1 318.82 mg/L.同时,在最佳螯合剂ED-TA-2Na浓度0.20 g/g TS下,SCOD为9 014 mg/L.在20 mg/g TS的蛋白酶和0.20 g/g TS的EDTA-2Na的联合作用下,SCOD达到12 628.98 mg/L.在20 mg/g TS的蛋白酶、0.2 g/g TS的EDTA-2Na和55℃条件联合作用下,SCOD达到最大值16 878 mg/L,多糖浓度达到最大值2 695.3 mg/L,NH4+-N的浓度达到最大值156.73 mg/L.此外,在不同蛋白酶和EDTA-2Na浓度条件下,剩余污泥水解释放的SCOD符合一级动力学.     

氧化还原介体强化厌氧活性污泥发酵产氢特征

为提高厌氧污泥的发酵产氢能力,采用间歇培养方式考察了氧化还原介体(ROMs)对厌氧污泥发酵葡萄糖产氢效能的影响,并通过川umina MiSeq测序揭示了ROMs对微生物群落的影响.结果 表明,在发酵液体积为100mL及葡萄糖初始浓度500mg/L条件下,对照的累计产氢量和最大产氢速率(Rmax)分别为11.0mL和0....