Laboratory simulation of SO2 heterogeneous reactions on hematite surface under di erent SO2 concentrations

The variations of sulfate formation and optical coe cients during SO2 heterogeneous reactions on hematite surface under di erent SO2 concentrations were examined using in situ di use reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) and ion chromatograph (IC). Laboratory experiments revealed that within ambient SO2 of 0.51–18.6 ppmv, sulfate product, producing velocity, absorption and backward scattering coe cients showed an increasing trend with SO2 concentration. Under given SO2 concentration, the velocity of sulfate producing performed an evolution of initial increasing, midterm decreasing and final stabilizing. The reactive uptake and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) uptake coe cients of heterogeneous reactions rose with SO2 and exhibited high reactivities. Considering global warming, this result is important for the knowledge of heterogeneous reactions of SO2 on mineral particle surface in the atmosphere and the assessment of their impacts on radiative forcing.     

CMC固定化烟曲霉活菌体小球中活性染料的解吸研究

考察了吸附在CMC(羧甲基纤维素纳)固定化烟曲霉活菌体小球中活性艳蓝KN-R和活性艳红K-2BP的解吸,并在此基础上提出了吸附-回收染料的技术思路。结果表明:pH值为12.0的75%乙醇对CMC固定化烟曲霉活菌体小球中的活性艳红K-2BP和活性艳蓝KN-R的解吸效果较好。30min内,对CMC固定化烟曲霉活菌体小球中的活性艳蓝KN-R和活性艳红K-2BP的解吸率分别为60.8%和50.4%。CMC固定化烟曲霉活菌体小球中的活性艳红K-2BP的解吸动力学符合一级指数衰减模型。CMC固定化烟曲霉活菌体小球能重复利用三次以上。     

铅对颗粒污泥的毒性作用机理探讨

基于铅对颗粒污泥的抑制与恢复实验,探讨了Pb2+的毒性作用机理。数据表明:Pb2+浓度的大小导致抑制类型不同,抑制的程度随Pb2+浓度的增加而增加,因此,恢复产气量的时间也有所不同,单位微生物作用的Pb2+浓度越低,颗粒污泥活性越易恢复,说明微生物能够适应铅的毒性作用。     

预加好氧颗粒对SBR中好氧颗粒污泥形成的影响

以活性污泥曝气池中的絮状活性污泥为接种污泥,采用人工配制的模拟生活污水,通过观测颗粒形态和粒径的变化,研究预先加入15%成熟好氧颗粒污泥对好氧颗粒污泥形成过程的影响.对比研究发现,2个反应器内小颗粒（0 .1～0 .3　cm）的形成均较快,但大颗粒的形成速度相差明显.培养过程中还能明显观察到丝状菌缠绕和絮状污泥黏附在小颗粒表面.反应器启动第1、7、14 d,污泥平均体积粒径分别从0 .10、0 .16 cm上升到0 .23、0 .30 cm,最终达到0 .28、0 .43 cm.研究结果表明,预先加入15%成熟好氧颗粒污泥,能加速好氧颗粒污泥在反应器内形成.     

不同表观气速对好氧颗粒污泥净化苯酚废气的影响

实验设置了0.7、1.2、2.0、2.5和3.0 cm·s-1 5个不同表观气速,考察其对好氧颗粒污泥净化苯酚废气的影响.研究发现当表观气速在0.7～3.0 cm·s-1之间时,好氧颗粒污泥表现出良好的稳定性,苯酚去除率达到95%以上.随着表观气速的提高好氧颗粒污泥各项理化指标均有不同程度的改善,胞外多聚物(extra...     

沉积物悬浮频率对水体颗粒态磷生物有效性的影响

通过室内试验模拟沉积物在不同频率下的悬浮过程,研究了悬浮频率对颗粒态磷生物有效性的影响.结果表明,沉积物悬浮导致颗粒态磷的生物有效性显著降低,30d时,藻类可利用态磷（AAP）占悬浮物总磷（Tot-P）的百分比仅为初始状态（56.75%）时的26.24%（悬浮频率较小）和20.04%（悬浮频率较大）.内源磷形态分析表明...     

Removal of ammonium-N from ammonium-rich sewage using an immobilized Bacillus subtilis AYC bioreactor system

A self-design bioreactor system employing a fixed bed operation process with immobilized Bacillus subtilis AYC beads for NH4 +-N removal from slightly polluted water was proposed. Polyvinyl alcohol and Na-alginate were used as a gel matrix to entrap Bacillus subtilis AYC to form the immobilized beads. The NH4 +-N removal process was studied in a intermittent operation mode to examine the start-up and steady state behaviors of the immobilized AYC in the reactor. The results indicated that the reactor was in the start-up state during the first week. NH4 +-N began to be steadily removal since the second week, and the nitrogen removal rate was between 84.61% and 96.19% when the hydraulic retention time (HRT) was 30 min. To apply Bacillus subtilis AYC to develop a practical nitrogen removal system and further understand its nitrogen removal ability, the bioreactor was continuously operated under different experimental perameters. The results showed that under the optimum conditions of an HRT of 20 min and DO of 3.77–5.80 mg/L, the NH4 +-N removal rate reached 99.55%. The NH4 +-N removal rate increased as the C/N ratio increased. However, a high C/N may cause a high residual carbon level in the effluent, therefore, the most suitable C/N ratio was 10. In addition, the results showed that the bioreactor system could remove many types of nitrogen such as NH4 +-N, NO3??-N and organic-N, and had a good performance for inorganic nitrogen removal from sewage.     

好氧颗粒污泥处理青霉素废水研究

青霉素在其生产过中产生大量的废水,其COD值较高,生化性较差,成分复杂,微生物难以降解,其处理技术是世界性难题。文章采用以葡萄糖模拟废水培养的好氧颗粒污泥为接种体,经青霉素废水逐步驯化后,使其完全处理青霉素废水。实验结果表明,应用好氧颗粒污泥技术,处理青霉素废水,COD,NH3-N,TP去除率较高,具有很好的处理效果。     

采用Anammox颗料污泥工艺对酵母废水进行脱氮处理的研究

本实验采用先进的厌氧氨氧化（Anammox）颗粒污泥工艺对某酵母厂的二沉出水进行了毒性实验与连续流实验.毒性实验结果表明该类废水对Anammox细菌有一定的抑制作用,但没有影响最终的去除效果;而近一个半月的连续流实验数据则表明：在进水氨氮浓度300～360mg/1的情况下,污泥负荷与容积负荷可以稳定地上升,出水氨氮在50mg/l以下,亚硝酸盐氮维持在5mg/l左右,氨氮去除率可这80%以上.     

废水厌氧生物处理技术发展综述与研究进展

本文系统综述了污水厌氧生物处理技术发展沿革,指出了技术研究的关键与应用前景。