Two-step accelerated mineral carbonation and decomposition analysis for the reduction of CO2 emission in the eco-industrial parks

Carbon dioxide（CO2） emissions are a leading contributor to the negative effects of global warming. Globally, research has focused on effective means of reducing and mitigating CO2 emissions. In this study, we examined the efficacy of eco-industrial parks（EIPs） and accelerated mineral carbonation techniques in reducing CO2 emissions in South Korea.First, we used Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index（LMDI） analysis to determine the trends in carbon production and mitigation at the existing EIPs. We found that, although CO2 was generated as byproducts and wastes of production at these EIPs, improved energy intensity effects occurred at all EIPs, and we strongly believe that EIPs are a strong alternative to traditional industrial complexes for reducing net carbon emissions. We also examined the optimal conditions for using accelerated mineral carbonation to dispose of hazardous fly ash produced through the incineration of municipal solid wastes at these EIPs. We determined that this technique most efficiently sequestered CO2 when micro-bubbling, low flow rate inlet gas, and ammonia additives were employed.     

Quantitative method to determine the regional drinking water odorant regulation goals based on odor sensitivity distribution：Illustrated using 2-MIB

Taste and odor （T/O） in drinking water often cause consumer complaints and are thus regulated in many countries. However, people in different regions may exhibit different sensitivities toward WO. This study proposed a method to determine the regional drinking water odorant regulation goals （ORGs） based on the odor sensitivity distribution of the local population. The distribution of odor sensitivity to 2-methylisobomeol （2-MIB） by the local population in Beijing, China was revealed by using a normal distribution function/model to describe the odor complaint response to a 2-MIB episode in 2005, and a 2-MIB concentration of 12.9 ng/L and FPA （flavor profile analysis） intensity of 2.5 was found to be the critical point to cause odor complaints. Thus the Beijing ORG for 2-MIB was determined to be 12.9 ng/L. Based on the assumption that the local FPA panel can represent the local population in terms of sensitivity to odor, and that the critical FPA intensity causing odor complaints was 2.5, this study tried to determine the ORGs for seven other cities of China by performing FPA tests using an FPA panel from the corresponding city. ORG values between 12.9 and 31.6 ng/L were determined, showing that a unified ORG may not be suitable for drinking water odor regulations. This study presents a novel approach for setting drinking water odor regulations.     

Community structure and elevational diversity patterns of soil Acidobacteria

Acidobacteria is one of the most dominant and abundant phyla in soil,and was believed to have a wide range of metabolic and genetic functions. Relatively little is known about its community structure and elevational diversity patterns. We selected four elevation gradients from 1000 to 2800 m with typical vegetation types of the northern slope of Shennongjia Mountain in central China. The vegetation types were evergreen broadleaved forest,deciduous broadleaved forest,coniferous forest and sub-alpine shrubs. We analyzed the soil acidobacterial community composition,elevational patterns and the relationship between Acidobacteria subdivisions and soil enzyme activities by using the 16 S rRNA meta-sequencing technique and multivariate statistical analysis. The result found that 19 known subdivisions as well as an unclassified phylotype were presented in these forest sites,and Subdivision 6 has the highest number of detectable operational taxonomic units(OTUs). A significant single peak distribution pattern(P 0.05) between the OTU number and the elevation was observed. The Jaccard and Bray–Curtis index analysis showed that the soil Acidobacteria compositional similarity significantly decreased(P 0.01) with the increase in elevation distance. Mantel test analysis showed the most of the soil Acidobacteria subdivisions had the significant relationship(P 0.01) with different soil enzymes. Therefore,soil Acidobacteria may be involved in different ecosystem functions in global elemental cycles. Partial Mantel tests and CCA analysis showed that soil pH,soil temperature and plant diversity may be the key factors in shaping the soil Acidobacterial community structure.     

Acute and chronic toxic effects of Pb2+ on polychaete Perinereis aibuhitensis：Morphological changes and responses of the antioxidant system

Perinereis aibuhitensis was used to assess adverse biological effects caused by acute and chronic Pb2＋exposure in artificial seawater under controlled laboratory conditions. In 96-hr acute toxicity experiments,the morphological changes showed a positive time/dose-dependent tendency,and the 96-hr LC50 value of Pb2＋was 686.41 mg/L. The responses of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants in tissues including catalase（CAT）,peroxidase（POD）,superoxide dismutase（SOD）,glutathione peroxidase（GSH-PX）,malondialdehyde（MDA） and the content of total soluble protein（TSP）,were investigated on days 1,4,7 and 10 after Pb2＋exposure under chronic toxicity testing. Results showed that the activation of the antioxidant system in P. aibuhitensis depended on the Pb2＋concentration and the duration of exposure time.Specifically,POD and SOD activities were induced on the first day of the exposure and decreased to the control level on day 10 after exposure. Therefore,these two indexes could be used to indicate oxidative stress associated with P. aibuhitensis exposure to Pb2＋.     

国外河口城市气候变化适应策略及对中国的启示

<正>河口地区是遭受气候变化影响最为严重的区域之一。密集的人口、繁荣的经济使得河口城市根据当地的气候变化威胁制定相应的适应策略变得尤为重要和紧迫。英国伦敦、美国纽约和新奥尔良、日本东京、加拿大温哥华等国际重要河口城市已经制定了详尽的适应气候变化策略,其中有很多有益的经验值得我国的河口城市学     

污染影响了健康,证据呢？

@大林崔：风险管理,重点是特征污染物。当前环境与健康风险不断加大,环保问题很容易发展为社会问题甚至政治问题,必须通过风险管理,从特征污染物的产生、排放、暴露控制等方面降低其致害风险。@文迪姐姐：制定环境与健康基准,只要有10年以上的数据积累,就完全可以实现。这甚至可以成为地方执政者的绩效考核标准。@绿色水滴2013：近年来,我国突发环境事件持续上升,环境风险比较突出,迫切需要开展环境基准和风险评估研究。@污染的健康很寂静：健康风险管理,核心是风险管理,重点是健康风险评估,要不然又是白忙活。     

1987-2006年厦门市土地利用变化检测分析

通过对厦门市五个时相的土地利用变化检测,分析了厦门市1987年-2006年间各分区的土地利用变化及各地类在各年间的变化情况,并分析其变化原因.     

山东省自然保护区建设状况调查

调查了山东省自然保护区建设状况,分析了山东省自然保护区数量与面积、类型结构和区域分布特征。结果表明:截止2010年底,山东省自然保护区数量为73个,面积99.9万hm2,占全省国土面积的6.34%。省级自然保护区的数量和面积分别占全省自然保护区数量和面积的49.3%和55.0%。71.2%的自然保护区面积在10 000 hm2以下,30.1%的自然保护区的核心区、缓冲区与实验区的面积占自然保护区面积的比例在27%~42%之间变化。自然保护区类型比较齐全,森林生态类自然保护区的数量和面积分别占山东省自然保护区数量和面积的56.2%和31.1%。自然保护区区域分布不均,68.5%的自然保护区分布在鲁东丘陵区和鲁中南山地丘陵区。     

钴胁迫下红苋菜中钴积累分布及其生理特性的研究

采用模拟钴污染土壤的方法,研究不同程度的钴(0、20、40、60 mg/kg)胁迫对成熟期红苋菜生长及其体内钴积累分布和生理特性的影响。结果表明:(1)同一钴胁迫下,红苋菜株高差异性大,株高差值(最高与最矮的差值)范围为14~27 cm,远大于对照组的4 cm;(2)在不同程度的钴胁迫下,植株各部位钴含量分布规律不一致,且根部钴含量最高。当胁迫浓度为60 mg/kg,植株长势最差组的根、茎、叶部钴含量最高,分别为对照组的41、44和14倍,此时地上部和单株的钴积累量均最大,分别为1 103和1 275μg,且两者的积累量与MDA含量成极显著正相关;(3)钴胁迫使得叶片叶绿素含量、CAT和POD酶活性均出现不同程度的降低,SOD酶活性仅在低浓度的钴胁迫下上升,而MDA含量则上升;(4)钴胁迫下植株对钴的转运系数为0.20~0.64,地上富集系数为1.96~10.06,同一胁迫下,长势最差组的转运系数和地上富集系数最大。     

蜂窝状整体式分子筛催化剂制备研究进展

分子筛催化剂已经广泛应用于化学工业、石油工业及环境污染处理等领域,其蜂窝状构型在选择性还原NOx方面具有广阔的应用前景。文章介绍了蜂窝状整体式分子筛催化剂制备的2种方式:固载化和自成型。对固载化法进行分类介绍,对不同固载方法制备的整体式催化剂的分子筛负载量进行对比,综述了载体种类、预处理方法和粘合剂的选择对固载化法制备整体式催化剂的影响,说明了固载化催化剂在应用上的优势及不足;阐述了自成型法制备蜂窝状整体式分子筛催化剂的优势,详细叙述了粘合剂的选择和用量、水含量、分子筛粒径分布、挤出成型过程和干燥过程对自成型蜂窝状整体式分子筛催化剂的物理化学性质和催化性能的影响,为整体式蜂窝状分子筛催化剂的开发提供了借鉴。