改进型铁碳微电解设备研究

针对传统铁碳微电解装置存在的偏流、堵塞、填料板结等问题,提出了相应的解决方法及措施,对装置结构进行优化改进,并进行了现场中试实验。通过在装置内部增加挡圈防止设备偏流,增设废水内循环工艺防止设备堵塞,改变填料的结构防止设备板结。采用改进型铁碳微电解设备处理青岛某电镀废水,稳定运行120 d出水平均值ρ(Cr6+)为0.03 mg/L,ρ(Cr)为0.04 mg/L,ρ(Zn~(2+))为0.12 mg/L,ρ(Cu~(2+))为0.67 mg/L,达到了GB 21900—2008《电镀废水排放标准》的要求,且设备运行稳定可靠。     

水质有机污染的指示生物——寡毛类

本文对水栖寡毛类常见种类的生物学特征和对水质有机污染的特殊指示作用进行了讨论。同时对如何使用寡毛类来评价水质进行了介绍。     

Water solubility enhancements of PAHs by sodium castor oil sulfonate microemulsions

Water solubility enhancements of naphthalene( Naph), phenantherene(Phen) and pyrene(Py) in sodium castor oil sulfonate(SCOS) microemulsions were evaluated. The apparent solubilities of PAHs are linearly propertional to the concentrations of SCOS microemulsion, and the enhancement extent by SCOS solutions is greater than that by ordinary surfactants on the basis of weight solubilization ratio(WSR). ThelogKcm values of Naph, Phen, and Py are 3.13, 4.44 and 5.01 respectively, which are about the same as the logKow values. At 5000 mg/L of SCOS conccentration, the apparent solubilities are 8.80, 121, and 674 times as the intrinsic solubilities for Naph, Phen, and Py. The effects of inorganic ions and temperature on the solubilization of solutes are also investigated. The solubilization is improved with a moderate addition of Ca^2 , Na^ , NH4^ and the mixture of Na^ , K^ , Ca^2 , Mg^2 and NH4^ . WSR values are enhanced by 22.0% for Naph,23.4% for Phen, and 24.6% for Py with temperature increasing by 5~C. The results indicated that SCOS microemulsions improve the performance of the surfactant-enhanced remediation(SER) of soil, by increasing solubilities of organic pollutants and reducing the level of surfactant pollution and remediation expenses.     

石墨相氮化碳光催化剂的制备、改性及其在水处理中的应用

作为典型的非金属半导体光催化剂,类石墨相氮化碳(g-C3N4)由于具有物理化学性质稳定、能带结构适宜、制备成本低廉等优势,近年来受到广泛关注.本文综述了石墨相氮化碳的基本结构特性、常用制备方法以及结构改性策略,对其在水处理中的应用进行了总结,并对g-C3N4未来的发展趋势进行了展望,以期为氮化碳新材料开发及其在水处理方...     

用滚筒焚烧工艺处理高浓度有机废水

论述了一种处理高浓度有机废水的新工艺——滚筒焚烧处理工艺形成过程，并获得了处理江西德兴市异VC钠有限公司生产产生的高浓度有机废水(CODcr40—50万mg／L)的工艺参数和技术经济指标。     

2-Chlorophenol oxidation kinetic by photo-assisted Fenton process

Experimental data are presented to test and validate a kinetic model for the oxidation of 2-chlorophenol wastewater by photo-assisted Fenton process. The data showed that this process had produced good effects under acidic conductions. Up to 90% 2-chlorophenol was removed after 90-minute reaction time with H2O2 of 25% CODCr. in, while in UV/H2O2 system ordy 16.8% 2-chlorophenol was removed after one hour treatment. The optimal pH in this reaction occurred between pH 3.0 and pH 4.0. The reaction kinetics for photo-assisted Fenton process experimented in this research was investigated. Kinetic models were proposed for the treatment of 2-chlorophenol wastewater. The reaction was found to follow the 2nd order. The equations of reaction kinetics are as follows:-d[RH]/dt=KRH[RH][H2O2]0exp(-KH2o2t);-d[CODCr]/dt=KCODCr[CODCr][H2O2]0exp(-K′t).The prediction of the models was found to be in a good agreement with experimental results, thus confimfing the proposed reaction mechanism.     

MOFs基多孔材料吸附去除VOCs的研究进展

大气中挥发性有机物（VOCs）严重威胁生态环境和人类健康,其治理迫在眉睫。吸附法因操作简单、效率高、能耗低等优势成为目前处理VOCs最经济有效的方法之一。但传统吸附材料如分子筛、活性炭、硅藻土等存在吸附容量小、易堵塞、选择性低且再生困难等问题。因此,发展高效稳定的VOCs吸附材料仍是目前的研究热点。金属有机框架材料（metal-organic frameworks,MOFs）是一种比表面积高、孔道结构丰富的新型多孔材料,在VOCs吸附净化方面具有良好的应用潜力。针对近10年MOFs基多孔材料吸附去除VOCs的研究,从MOFs的结构和特点出发,详述MOFs的分类及其复合材料的类型,基于MOFs基多孔材料吸附VOCs过程中的影响因素和机制,对其在VOCs吸附应用方面的研究进展进行总结,并对其在该领域的未来发展进行展望。     

雷州半岛红树林表层沉积物正构烷烃组成分布特征研究

本文研究了雷州半岛高桥镇、特呈岛、湖光镇和金沙湾4个区域红树林表层沉积物中正构烷烃的含量、组成分布及来源特征。结果表明,研究区域红树林表层沉积物中总有机碳(TOC)含量为0.10%～5.62%,正构烷烃总含量(∑n-Alk)为0.69～16.60μg/g(dw)。红树林表层沉积物中正构烷烃组成以中长链(n-C₂₃～n-C₃₁)为主,呈单峰型分布。除金沙湾以外,其他区域红树林表层沉积物中正构烷烃组成奇偶优势明显。正构烷烃组成分布及平均链长(ACL)、碳优势指数(CPI)、短链/长链比值(∑n-C₂₀^-/∑n-C₂₁⁺)、陆海来源比值(TAR)、水生植物贡献比值(P_aq)等指标的主成分分析(PCA)结果显示,研究区域红树林表层沉积物中正构烷烃主要来源于高等植物,其中,高桥镇红树林表层沉积物中正构烷烃主要来源于陆源高等植物,而部分湖光镇、特呈岛红树林表层沉积物中正构烷烃的水生植物来源贡献较大,金沙湾红树林表层沉积物中正构烷烃可能受人类活动的...