1株脱氮除磷菌的筛选及其特性研究

采用YG培养基,结合蓝白斑筛选、异染粒染色及好氧除磷能力检测等实验,从城市生活污水处理厂好氧生化池的活性污泥中分离出7株好氧除磷菌;再经硝酸盐还原产气和缺氧培养实验,筛选出1株高效脱氮除磷菌;通过16S rRNA基因同源性比较和生理生化鉴定,初步将其鉴定为Pseudomonas grimontii,命名为C18.菌株C18在好氧培养24h后,培养基中上清液磷浓度从38.7mg/L降低到2.28mg/L,除磷率达94.1%.C18在缺氧培养24h后,培养基中上清液磷浓度从44.5mg/L降低到5.21mg/L,除磷率达88.3%;上清液硝酸盐氮浓度从184.2mg/L降低到30.6mg/L,脱氮率达83.4%.菌株C18最适脱氮除磷温度为30℃;最适脱氮除磷pH为7.5.     

Effect of platinum on the photocatalytic degradation of chlorinated organic compound

TiO2 nanoparticles, doped with di erent Pt contents, were prepared by a modified photodeposition method using Degussa P-25 TiO2, H2PtCl6 6H2O and methanol as the solvents. The physicochemical properties of Pt/TiO2 were investigated by the nitrogen adsorption and desorption isotherm measurement technique, X-ray di raction analysis and photoluminescence spectra, respectively. Reaction rates from photocatalytic removal of dichloromethane over Degussa P-25 TiO2 and Pt/TiO2 were evaluated. The average diameter and BET surface area of the TiO2 catalyst particles were 300 nm and 50 m2/g, respectively. The degradation e ciency was 99.0%, 82.7%, 55.2%, and 57.9% with TiO2 at inlet concentrations of 50, 100, 200, and 300 ppm, respectively. And the degradation e ciency was 99.3%, 79.7%, 76.5%, and 73.4% with a 0.005 wt.% Pt/TiO2 at inlet concentrations of 50, 100, 200, and 300 ppm, respectively. In addition, we found that the photoluminescence emission peak intensities decreased with increases in the doping amount of Pt, which indicates that the irradiative recombination was weakened. Furthermore, the results showed that the UV/0.005 wt.% Pt/TiO2 process was capable of e ciently decomposing gaseous DCM in air.     

TiO2 nanotubes as solid-phase extraction adsorbent for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in environmental water samples

An analytical method based on TiO2 nanotubes solid-phase extraction (SPE) combined with gas chromatography (GC) was established for the analysis of seven polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs): acenaphtylene, acenaphthene, anthracene, fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene and pyrene. Factors a ecting the extraction e ciency including the eluent type and its volume, adsorbent amount, sample volume, sample pH and sample flow rate were optimized. The characteristic data of analytical performance were determined to investigate the sensitivity and precision of the method. Under the optimized extraction conditions, the method showed good linearity in the range of 0.01–0.8 g/mL, repeatability of the extraction (RSD were between 6.7% and 13.5%, n = 5) and satisfactory detection limits (0.017–0.059 ng/mL). The developed method was successfully applied to the analysis of surface water (tap, river and dam) samples. The recoveries of PAHs spiked in environmental water samples ranged from 90% to 100%. All the results indicated the potential application of titanate nanotubes as solid-phase extraction adsorbents to pre-treat water samples.     

无砾石微孔管地下渗滤系统试验研究

针对传统无砾石管式地下渗滤系统存在的处理性能差,渗滤通量低两个问题,通过去掉包裹织物,提高渗滤管开孔率、改变开孔方式,设计了无砾石微孔管地下渗滤系统。通过实验研究表明,无砾石微孔管地下渗滤系统对COD、氨氮的去除率比传统管式系统分别提高了10.8%、12.7%,总磷去除率并无显著差异,ORP值提高约85 mV,渗滤通量提高26.8%。在3.3 cm/d的水力负荷下,无砾石微孔管地下渗滤系统出水COD、氨氮、总磷平均浓度分别为19 mg/L,0.62 mg/L,0.048 mg/L。渗滤管下10 cm的土壤层去除了约70%的COD,80%的氨氮和91%的总磷,向下随着土壤深度的增加,单位厚度的土壤层去除的污染物量呈显著下降趋势。     

有关斜管沉淀池的上升流速讨论

文章从理论上了分析斜管沉淀池上升流速对沉淀池处理效果的影响,及原水特性与斜管沉淀池上升流速取值的关系。讨论分析斜管沉淀池设计时,应根据原水特性不同选择不同的斜管沉淀池上升流速。     

蒲河流域污染状况与生态修复技术对策的研究

概述了2010年以前蒲河的污染状况及形成原因,介绍了目前通过蒲河综合整治系列工程实施及生态修复技术的应用,蒲河污染状况和生态环境得到了明显改善,由2009的劣V类水质提高到目前V类水质,同时,提出目前尚存在的问题及蒲河水污染控制和水环境建设的对策和方案,为"十二五"沈阳市创建生态城市和消除劣五类水体的既定目标的实现奠定基础。     

速读

<正>给大笨钟穿上太阳能电池板为了争取达到2020年温室气体减排34%这个雄伟目标,英国国会正寻求议会关于房地产的意见,打算给大笨钟穿上一层太阳能电池板,以此来减少碳排放并提高能源效率。大笨钟建于1859年,安装在西敏寺桥北议会大厦东侧高96米的钟楼上,钟楼四面的圆形钟盘,直径为6.7米,是伦敦的传统地标。2012年,国会将其更名为伊丽莎白塔。     

未来10大高风险高回报的新技术

世界经济论坛全球事务理事会发布了一份关于信息技术的新报告,其中提到了10项有可能对全社会造成重大影响的新技术。这10项新技术涵盖了科学、医学、能源、制造、交通和电子等众多领域,理事会的报告简要说明了那些新技术将如何影响和改变我们的生活。     

中国页岩气开采不容易

在美国,储量巨大的页岩气资源的发现已经给该国的能源使用带来了巨大的影响：页岩气促使美国由煤炭向天然气转变并帮助减少温室气体的排放。据估计,中国拥有更多的页岩气。但中国要利用这些束缚在页岩中的资源是困难的,除非在开采技术上获得显著的进步——包括利用强力计算机模拟页岩油藏的物理性质。 中国定下了宏伟的目标：到2020年,页岩气的产量要由现在的几乎为零提高到600亿立方米,足以达到其全部能源产量的6%。     

埕海油田电泵井节能技术应用与研究

埕海油田2011年节能监测电泵井8口,系统效率合格的有3口,不合格的5口,平均系统效率20.8%,其中一区所测井平均系统效率仅18.9%,处于较低水平,有比较大的提升空间。2012年通过开展提高系统效率研究,对埕海油田潜油电泵举升工艺系统效率低和能耗高的原因进行了分析,持续优化举升工艺设计,加强电泵井节能技术配套,试验应用低产液电泵井数控往复式潜油电泵采油技术,从而降低了整个采油系统的能耗,达到了节能增效的目的,2012年节能检测井平均系统效率32.17%,提高了11.37%。