烷基化含酸废水中焦油组成分析

阐述了利用气相色谱技术测定含酸废水中焦油组成的分析方法。该方法操作简单、快速 ,其分析结果对焦油的回收利用具有较强的指导意义 ,对于炼油厂等类似企业的污油组成分析具有一定的参考价值。     

废电池污染危害及防治对策浅析

本在分析了度电池对土壤、水体、动植物、人体的危害基础上提出了对其污染的防治对策。     

Controlled-release fertilizer(CRF):A green fertilizer for controlling non-point contamination in agriculture

Fertilizers contribute greatly to high yields but also result in environmental non-point contamination, including the emission of greenhouse gas(N2O) and eutrophication of water bodies. How to solve this problem has become a serious challenge, especially for China as its high ecological pressure. Controlled-release fertilizer(CRF) has been developed to minimize the contamination while keeping high yield and has become a green fertilizer for agriculture. Several CRFs made with special coating technology were used for testing the fertilizer effects in yield and environment through pot experiment and field trial. The result indicated that the CRFs had higher N use efficiency, thus reducing N loss through leaching and volatilization while keeping higher yields. Comparing with imported standard CRFs,the test on CRFs showed similar fertilizer effect but with much lower cost. CRFs application is becoming a new approach for minimizing non-point contamination in agriculture.     

红壤中结合态磷在酸化条件下的变化及其相互关系

以浙江沿海地区的红壤为研究对象，通过浸滤过程，研究了在酸化条件下，红壤中可溶笥结合态磷的变化和它们之间的相关关系，结果显示，红壤中可溶性Fe-P比Ca－P、Al－P对酸度的变化更为敏感；当红壤中可溶性磷的原始含量较高时，随酸度的增强从固相中释出的趋势更明显；在酸化过程中、红壤中不同可溶性结合态磷之间呈现出不同的相关关系，这归因子它们对酸化敏感性的差异。     

从染料厂有机废液中蒸馏回收二氯苯的研究

采用常压蒸馏和减压蒸馏的方法对酸性染料厂有机废液中的高浓度二氯苯进行回收,并通过气相色谱-质谱联用仪对回收的二氯苯进行定性和定量分析以确定回收率．结果表明,常压蒸馏和减压蒸馏均能有效地回收废液中的二氯苯,常压蒸馏的回收率约88％,减压蒸馏具有相对较好的回收效果,回收率约94％。两种蒸馏方法的选择需要在经济分析的基础上进行确定。     

气相色谱法测定汽油作业环境中MTBE含量

建立了汽油作业场所空气中MTBE的气相色谱测定方法。空气中的MTBE用注射器采集，直接进样，经大口径毛细管柱分离，氢焰离子化检测器检测，以保留时间定性，峰面积定量，并考察了MTBE与甲醇、正己烷的分离效果。     

废钻井泥浆对土壤环境质量影响及其生物效应研究

选择大庆地区有代表性的四种土类:黑钙土,草甸土、盐碱土、沙壤土,进行废泥浆淋渗模拟试验和作物栽培试验。结果表明,废泥浆可使泥浆池底部土壤中金属元素增高,并有淋溶下渗趋势。对土壤中有机物含量影响不大。不会较大幅度改变pH,总盐量和总碱度。大豆申具有生物毒性的重金属只有Cu和As含量有增加的趋势。对大豆无有机污染物的影响。对大豆营养物质含量的影响:淀粉含量有明显增加的趋势,蛋白质和脂肪无正负效应。