海南三亚近岸海域水化学要素的分布特征和变化规律

本文调查研究了海南三亚近岸海域水化学要素的浓度和分布，结果表明：（１）表层ＤＯ、ＮＯ－２、ＮＯ－３、ＮＨ＋４、ＰＯ３－４和ＣＯＤ的平均浓度分别为４１１．９、０．０５、０．４７、１．７９、０．１６μｍｏｌ／ｄｍ３和１．３１ｍｇ／Ｌ。（２）河流输入对沿岸海域水化学要素的影响主要集中于ＮＨ＋４和ＣＯＤ，对ＰＯ３－４和ＮＯ－３的浓度影响不明显，海域总体为一贫营养盐区域。采用主成分分析表明控制水化学要素的主要因子是河流的输入和由此导致了的生物旺发。     

中小城市污水化学强化一级处理分析

在中小城市污水处理特点的基础上，分析了适宜中小城市污水处理的投融资方式，化学强化一级处理的工艺方法、效果及存在的问题。     

地球化学工程与环境保护

地球化学工程指应用地球化学过程来改善环境 ,它是一个有着广泛分支的新领域。环境保护是地球化学工程的重要组成部分。详细介绍了地球化学工程中的环境技术问题 ,例如中和、集中、分散、固定和隔离 ,并给出了相关的例子。     

水体中141Ce的行为和水生植物对其的富集效应

采用模拟污染物的同位素示踪技术研究了141Ce在水体中的行为和3种水生植物对它的富集效应.结果表明,水体中141Ce的比活度随时间延长而减少,消失动态服从二项指数衰减规律CW =334.35e-1.1835t+23.75e-0.0961t, r2=0.99988;水生植物对水体中的141Ce均具有较强的富集能力,其中金鱼藻的浓集系数最高(最大值为3473.7),水葫芦和卡州萍的最大值分别为1426.0和380.6;因此金鱼藻可作为净化水体中放射性铈的首选植物.此外,底泥对水体中的141Ce也具有较强的吸附和固着能力.     

含氯有机物非生物降解方法的最新研究进展

通过介绍目前国际上对含氯有机物的非生物降解方法的最新研究成果,包括零价金属还原、金属组合体系还原脱氯、含铁化合物还原降解、催化加氢还原以及机械化学方法等.分析了每种技术的具体应用和存在的问题以及这些处理方法的发展方向等.     

Combined effect of US/PFS on the black liquor of making paper

The reed pulping black liquor is used as a sample. Researches of (1) combined effect of ultrasound(US)/polyferric sulphate(PFS)/hydrogen peroxide(H2O2); (2) effects of the horn tip areas; (3) effect of dose of PFS were carried. Extrapolation of these experiments indicated treatment results are possibly related to complex chemical compositions in the reed pulping black liquor.     

Uptake and accumulation of phenanthrene and pyrene in spiked soils by Ryegrass(Lolium perenne L.)

Phytoremediation has long been recognized as a cost-effective method for the removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） from soil. A study was conducted to investigate the uptake and accumulation of PAHs in root and shoot of Lolium perenne L. Pot experiments were conducted with series of concentrations of 3.31-378.37 mg/kg for phenanthrene and those of 4.22-365.38 mg/kg for pyrene in a greenhouse. The results showed that both ryegrass roots and shoots did take up PAHs from spiked soils, and generally increased with increasing concentrations of PAH in soil. Bioconcentration factors（BCFs） of phenanthrene by shoots and roots were 0.24- 4.25 and 0.17-2.12 for the same treatment. BCFs of pyrene by shoots were 0.20-1.5, except for 4.06 in 4.32 mg/kg treatment, much lower than BCFs of pyrene by roots （0.58-2.28）. BCFs of phenanthrene and pyrene tended to decrease with increasing concentrations of phenanthrene and pyrene in soil. Direct uptake and accumulation of these compounds by Lolium perenne L. was very low compared with the other loss pathways, which meant that plant-promoted microbial biodegradation might be the main contribution to plant-enhanced removal of phenanthrene and pyrene in soil. However, the presence of Lolium perenne L. significantly enhanced the removal of phenanthrene and pyrene in spiked soil. At the end of 60 d experiment, the extractable concentrations of phenanthrene and pyrene were lower in planted soil than in non-planted soil, about 83.24%-91.98% of phenanthrene and 68.53%-84.10% of pyrene were removed from soils, respectively. The results indicated that the removal of PAHs in contaminated soils was a feasible approach by using Lolium perenne L.     

养猪场废水中SS与COD浓度的相关性分析

通过取样检测、实验分析,论证了养猪场废水中固体悬浮物(SS)含量与化学需氧量(COD)浓度的相关关系,讨论了SS对COD的影响趋势。结果表明,通过测定SS的含量,可以快速确定二沉池出水的COD浓度。     

曝气生物滤池处理化学药剂废水的试验研究及影响因素分析

探讨了对于难处理的化学药剂废水曝气生物滤池处理的可行性，分析了影响曝气生物滤池处理效果的若干因素，试验结果表明，废水的温度、pH值、气水比及水力停留时间等是影响滤池处理效果的重要因素，控制废水水温在15℃以是，pH在7．3．8．3之间，气水比10：1，水力停留时间大于10h，可以取得较为理想的处理效果，出水CODcr，和BOD5的去除率可分别达到58％和90％以上。     

除草剂在土壤中的吸附行为研究

除草剂在土壤上的吸附和解吸行为是支配该除草剂在环境中的生物有效性和持久性的重要因素之一，同时对于预测除草剂在土壤和潜层水中的运动也是有重要作用。本文从吸附机理、实验技术、动力学、影响因素、常数的计算方法等方面阐述了除草剂在土壤中的吸附行为及其环境学意义。