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有机污染物对地表水的危害主要表现在自身氧化过程对水中溶解氧的消耗,化学需氧量(COD)是评定水中耗氧有机物含量的指标之一,本文主要研究讨论了化学需氧量指标并具体阐述了几种检测方法。 相似文献
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在用铁盐对厌氧段富磷上清液进行化学磷沉淀以实现磷的回收和达标排放的SBR系统中,为了减少铁盐化学除磷残余物可能对生物处理系统的影响,采用Box-Benhnken中心组合试验原理和响应面分析法,选择Fe:P、混凝搅拌强度、絮凝搅拌强度、搅拌时间等为自变量,残余铁离子为响应值,研究自变量之间的交互作用,以期优化化学除磷条件.通过Design-Expert 8.0软件得到1个二次响应曲面模型.得出最佳除磷条件:Fe:P比为1.40:1,搅拌强度为275r/min,快速搅拌时间为30s,絮凝搅拌强度为60r/min,絮凝时间为18min,沉淀时间为20min.在此条件下,化学混凝后残余铁离子浓度为0.37mg/L,化学除磷率大于97.66%. 相似文献
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Aquatic fungi are common in various aqueous environments and play potentially crucial roles in nutrient and carbon cycling as well as interacting with other organisms. Species of Aspergillus are the most common fungi that occur in water. The present study was undertaken to elucidate the efficacy of two coagulants, aluminum sulfate and ferric chloride, used at different concentrations to treat drinking water, in removing Aspergillusflavus, as well as testing three different filtration media: sand, activated carbon, and ceramic granules, for their removal of fungi from water. The results revealed that both coagulants were effective in removing fungi and decreasing the turbidity of drinking water, and turbidity decreased with increasing coagulant concentration. Also, at the highest concentration of the coagulants, A. flavus was decreased by 99.6% in the treated water. Among ceramic granules, activated carbon, and sand used as media for water filtration, the sand and activated carbon filters were more effective in removing A.flavus than ceramic granules while simultaneously decreasing the turbidity levels in the test water samples. Post-treatment total organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (TN) concentrations in the experimental water did not decrease; on the contrary, TN concentrations increased with the increasing dosage of coagulants. The filtration process had no effect in reducing TOC and TN in tested water. 相似文献
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Xuejun Guo Kunpeng Wang Mengchang He Ziwei Liu Hailin Yang Sisi Li 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2014,26(7):1549-1556
A large amount of solid waste has been produced by the antimony smelting process in the"World Capital of Antimony", Xikuangshan area in China. This study comprehensively investigated the physical and chemical characteristics of the various solid wastes, as well as the leaching behavior of the solid wastes, which included water-quenched slag,arsenic-alkali residue, desulfurized slag and blast furnace dust. These four types of waste were enriched in a variety of heavy metals and metalloids and more specifically with As and Sb levels up to 8.6 × 104 and 3.16 × 105mg/kg, respectively, in arsenic-alkali residue. For desulfurized slag and water-quenched slag, the leaching concentration of Sb significantly exceeded the acceptable limits during the leaching tests using the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure and the synthetic precipitation leaching procedure. In addition, As leaching in arsenic-alkali residue was extraordinarily hazardous, being three orders of magnitude higher than the regulatory level of As. According to the results of the extraction tests, all the tested wastes were classified as hazardous waste. 相似文献
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