稻壳灰对抗生素磺胺的吸附特性研究

研究了稻壳灰(rice husk ash,RHA)在改变初始投加量、振荡温度及频率、溶液pH值等不同条件下,对水溶液中磺胺的吸附特性随吸附时间的变化及吸附动力学,并对吸附磺胺前后的RHA进行了SEM和FTIR表征.结果表明,RHA对磺胺的吸附特性受RHA的投加量、振荡温度及振荡频率和溶液pH等因素的影响.在本实验范围内(0.1~2.0 g·L-1),最佳吸附温度为25℃,RHA的投加量越多,磺胺的去除效率越高,吸附达到平衡所需时间越短,且平衡吸附量越低;RHA质量浓度较高时需提高振荡频率以保证吸附效果;强酸、强碱均有利于磺胺的吸附.由吸附动力学分析可知,对于较高的RHA投加量(≥1.0g·L-1),其吸附过程符合准二级动力学模型,受控于物理化学吸附.粒子内扩散模型分析可得吸附过程受膜扩散、内扩散的共同控制,且吸附剂RHA的浓度越高,膜扩散控制作用越明显.SEM及FTIR图谱均表明RHA对磺胺产生了有效的吸附.     

步兵轻武器新型夜瞄复合荧光材料耐腐蚀性能研究

采用自制的复合荧光粉体和化学载体成分,研制出一种步兵轻武器新型夜瞄复合荧光材料。采用酸溶液、碱溶液和盐溶液浸泡腐蚀的方法,研究了针对有关武器表面处理的酸性和碱性环境以及海水浸泡环境下材料的耐腐蚀性能。试验结果表明,研制的新材料具有良好的耐酸、耐碱、耐盐腐蚀性能,可满足步兵轻武器夜间瞄准需求。     

复合人工湿地系统对低污染水总氮的净化效果及其微生物群落结构特征

为了解复合人工湿地系统对低污染水中总氮的处理效果及微生物群落结构特征,以表流-潜流-沉水植物塘构建的复合人工湿地系统为研究对象,研究该系统对低污染水中TN、NH4+-N、NO3--N、NO-2-N的去除效果,并采用高通量测序揭示各级单元微生物群落结构与差异性.结果表明:复合人工湿地系统在0.12～0.24 m3/(m2...     

复合菌群处理印染废水

从印染污水排放口污泥中筛选出3株具有高絮凝率和降解能力的菌株,将3株菌株进行复合,得到复合菌群JFFH-124。实验表明:复合菌群JFFH-124的絮凝能力和降解COD能力都比单菌株强。经过JFFH-124的絮凝和降解处理,印染废水的色度从150降低到23,脱色率达84.5%;COD从530 mg/L降低到96 mg/L,去除率达81.9%。     

绿化带下的生态复合塘污水处理工艺设计

工程旨在探讨生态复合塘作为污水处理工艺,以实现城乡污水处理的多元化与可持续性目标。文章以蓟县毛家峪长寿度假村为例,结合混凝沉淀池、污泥浓缩池、快速渗滤湿地、潜流湿地和表面流湿地等技术,从工艺设计及其关键设计参数出发,在防治系统堵塞、冰冻、油渍及渗漏的基础上,创造性地将人工湿地同绿化带相结合,解决了生态塘占地面积大的问题。工程的预期结果:该技术工艺设计可使出水达到城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准(GB8978-2002)一类A级水平、农田灌溉和城乡杂用水的用水标准,各类污染物去除率分别为SS(mg/L)87.5%～96.7%,BOD5(mg/L)93.3%,COD(mg/L)61.5%～84.8%,TP(mg/L)50%～91.7%,NH3-N(mg/L)最高达87.5%。该设计实现了污水处理与绿化、节地的有机统一,可根据实际情况在机关、企事业单位和住宅小区推广应用。     

Enhanced adsorption of Methylene Blue from aqueous solution by chitosan-g-poly （acrylic acid）/vermiculite hydrogel composites

A series of chitosan-g-poly (acrylic acid)/vermiculite hydrogel composites were synthesized and used as adsorbents for the investigation of the e ect of process parameters such as vermiculite content, pH of dye solution, contact time, initial concentration of dye solution, temperature, ionic strength and concentration of surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate on the removal of Methylene Blue (MB) from aqueous solution. The results showed that the adsorption capacity for dye increased with increasing pH, contact time and initial dye concentration, but decreased with increasing temperature, ionic strength and sodium dodecyl sulfate concentration in the present of the surfactant. The adsorption kinetics of MB onto the hydrogel composite followed pseudo second-order kinetics and the adsorption equilibrium data obeyed Langmuir isotherm. By introducing 10 wt.% vermiculite into chitosan-g-poly (acrylic acid) polymeric network, the obtaining hydrogel composite showed the highest adsorption capacity for MB, and then could be regarded as a potential adsorbent for cationic dye removal in a wastewater treatment process.     

Adsorption of Methylene Blue on magnesium silicate： Kinetics, equilibria and comparison with other adsorbents

Batch adsorption from aqueous solutions in a slightly basic medium of Methylene Blue, up to 2500 mg/L, onto synthetic magnesium silicate (Florisil) of three particle size ranges (mean diameters of 112, 200 and 425 μm) was compared to the corresponding adsorption onto activated carbon and Amberlite XAD-2. The best fit of the kinetic results was achieved by a pseudo second-order equation. The equilibrium data were found to be well represented by the Langmuir isotherm equation. Amberlite XAD-2, an unspecific adsorbent capable of adsorbing exclusively through a surface effect, exhibited a poor dye uptake, confirming that the adsorption mechanism on Florisil was due to electrostatic attraction and ion exchange. Moreover, the comparison between Florisil and the other adsorbents was performed on the basis of the evaluation of the surface area and pore volume occupied by the adsorbed dye.     

钙钛矿CaFeO3光催化降解大红染料废水性能的研究

用柠檬酸络合法制备钙钛矿型复合氧化物CaFeO3,并以其为光催化剂对水溶性染料进行光催化降解实验。讨论了光催化反应时间、催化剂投加量、光照强度、pH值、以及外加氧化剂(H2O2)等因素对光催化活性的影响。实验结果表明:在催化剂投加量0.4g,降解时间180min,pH值2,光照强度200W,H2O2的投加量5mL时,大红染料的降解率可达99.83%。     

复合多管除尘器在浊为法水泥回转窑除尘中的应用

把具有惯性沉降除尘，旋风子除尘两级一体功能的复合多管除尘器用于带湿鞯蒸发器的湿法水泥回转窑层尾气除尘，替换原”旋风除尘器＋电除尘器“除尘系统中的多筒旋风器。     

金/钴氢氧化物膜修饰玻碳电极同时测定邻苯二酚和对苯二酚

文章将纳米金与钴氢氧化物膜的催化作用有效结合,制备了GNPs/CoOOH复合修饰电极,该修饰电极在碱性条件下对邻苯二酚和对苯二酚具有较强的电催化活性。考察了支持电解质酸度及纳米金沉积时间对邻苯二酚和对苯二酚电化学响应的影响,选取0.1 mol/L PBS(pH 10.0)作为支持电解质,纳米金的最佳沉积时间为4 min。在优化的实验条件下,利用差示脉冲伏安法(DPV)对邻苯二酚和对苯二酚进行选择性检测:当两者浓度同时改变时,对苯二酚和邻苯二酚的氧化峰电流与其浓度分别在7~100μmol/L和6~100μmol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,对应的检出限分别为0.9、0.8μmol/L(S/N=3)。该复合修饰电极具有较好的重现性、稳定性及较强的抗干扰能力。