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901.
Electro-Fenton法是利用电解的方法产生Fe2+和H2O2,新生的Fe2+和H2O2作用产生·OH。作为一种新兴的废水处理技术,在处理难降解有机废水方面,国内外已开展了广泛的研究,对于处理高浓度难降解有机废水效果良好。阐述了Electro-Fenton法的发展、分类、反应机理及其在印染废水处理中的应用研究现状,并指出Electro-Fenton法存在的主要问题和今后的发展方向。 相似文献
902.
应用"倍加清"特种微生物技术,结合"气浮+生化+固液分离"的处理工艺,以中海油绥中SZ36-1陆上终端含聚污水为水质样本,研究生物法处理海上油田含聚生产污水的效果。结果表明,该工艺处理后出水可达"1.5.2"的水质标准,远优于"10.10.3"的注入水质指标要求,并确定了相关技术参数。该技术具备处理效果好、适应来水水质范围大、环境友好等优势。但由于空间重量的限制,尚不适用于海上油田平台的生产水处理工艺。 相似文献
903.
根据样品中被测元素的特点,采用硝酸-氢氟酸-高氯酸-硼酸-硝酸和硝酸体系,对电路板中金属元素进行消解,用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法对电路板中的金属元素含量进行定量分析。该方法具有简单、准确的特点,可以快速分析电路板中的金属元素含量。 相似文献
904.
Removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), e.g., naphthalene, acenaphthene, phenanthrene and pyrene, from aqueous solution by raw and modified plant residues was investigated to develop low cost biosorbents for organic pollutant abatement. Bamboo wood, pine wood, pine needles and pine bark were selected as plant residues, and acid hydrolysis was used as an easily modification method. The raw and modified biosorbents were characterized by elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The sorption isotherms of PAHs to raw biosorbents were apparently linear, and were dominated by a partitioning process. In comparison, the isotherms of the hydrolyzed biosorbents displayed nonlinearity, which was controlled by partitioning and the specific interaction mechanism. The sorpfion kinetic curves of PAHs to the raw and modified plant residues fit well with the pseudo second-order kinetics model. The sorption rates were faster for the raw biosorbents than the corresponding hydrolyzed biosorbents, which was attributed to the latter having more condensed domains (i.e., exposed aromatic core). By the consumption of the amorphous cellulose component under acid hydrolysis, the sorption capability of the hydrolyzed biosorbents was notably enhanced, i.e., 6-18 fold for phenanthrene, 6-8 fold for naphthalene and pyrene and 5-8 fold for acenaphthene. The sorpfion coefficients (Kd) were negatively correlated with the polarity index [(O+N)/C], and positively correlated with the aromaticity of the biosorbents. For a given biosorbent, a positive linear correlation between logKoc and logKow for different PAHs was observed. Interestingly, the linear plots of logKoc-logKow were parallel for different biosorbents. These observations suggest that the raw and modified plant residues have great potential as biosorbents to remove PAHs from wastewater. 相似文献
905.
Catalytic oxidation is widely used in pollution control technology to remove volatile organic compounds. In this study, Pd/ZSM-5 catalysts with different Pd contents and acidic sites were prepared via the impregnation method. All the catalysts were characterized by means of N2 adsorption- desorption, X-ray fluorescence (XRF), HE temperature programmed reduction (H2-TPR), and NH3 temperature programmed desorption (NH3-TPD). Their catalytic performance was investigated in the oxidation of butyl acetate experiments. The by-products of the reaction were collected in thermal desorption tubes and identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. It was found that the increase of Pd content slightly changed the catalytic activity of butyl acetate oxidation according to the yield of CO2 achieved at 90%, but decreased the cracking by-products, whereas the enhancement of strong acidity over Pd-based catalysts enriched the by-product species. The butyl acetate oxidation process involves a series of reaction steps including protolysis, dehydrogenation, dehydration, cracking, and isomerization. Generally, butyl acetate was cracked to acetic acid and 2- methylpropene and the latter was an intermediate of the other by-products, and the oxidation routes of typical by-products were proposed. Trace amounts of 3-methylpentane, hexane, 2-methylpentane, pentane, and 2-methylbutane originated from iso4merization and protolysis reactions. 相似文献
906.
Multi-walled carbon nanotube(MWCNT) sheet was fabricated from a drawable MWCNT forest and then deposited on poly(methyl methacrylate) film. The film was further coated with a natural antimicrobial peptide nisin. We studied the effects of nisin coating on the attachment of Bacillus anthracis spores, the germination of attached spores, and the subsequent biofilm formation from attached spores. It was found that the strong adsorptivity and the super hydrophobicity of MWCNTs provided an ideal platform for nisin coating. Nisin coating on MWCNT sheets decreased surface hydrophobicity, reduced spore attachment, and reduced the germination of attached spores by 3.5 fold, and further inhibited the subsequent biofilm formation by 94.6% compared to that on uncoated MWCNT sheet. Nisin also changed the morphology of vegetative cells in the formed biofilm.The results of this study demonstrated that the anti-adhesion and antimicrobial effect of nisin in combination with the physical properties of carbon nanotubes had the potential in producing effective anti-biofilm formation surfaces. 相似文献
907.
在A/A/O普通活性污泥工艺中引入非寡毛类微型后生动物考察其生长条件和对剩余污泥的减量效果及对系统处理效果的影响。结果表明,当进水负荷小于0.5 mg(/mg MLSS·d)时,非寡毛类微型后生动物可大量生长;当内回流比升高、外回流比降低时,更有利于虫体的繁殖。经过适时的运行工艺调整可使生化系统虫体密度和稳定性提高,污泥减量效果可达到40%以上。非寡毛类后生动物的活动与摄食作用提高了系统污泥的沉降性能,并对系统出水COD、NH3-N、TN、TP、SS没有影响。。 相似文献
908.
通过对北京和天津地区18条土壤剖面样品中PAHs的分析检测及PAHs的土柱淋滤实验模拟研究,得出了部分反映PAHs污染源的分子标志物参数在土壤剖面(或淋滤土柱)上的纵向变化特征,分析了PAHs化合物的纵向迁移作用对这些参数的影响,讨论了部分用于识别土壤中PAHs污染源的分子标志物参数的有效性。结果表明:在土壤剖面0~50 cm范围内,An/Ph,MPI1,MP/P值均有随深度增加而逐渐降低的趋势,在深层(>50 cm)不同剖面之间这些参数值差别不大;Fl/Py随深度增大呈现一定的波动性,但总体波动范围较小,且在0~40 cm变化不大;C0/(C0+C1)P/A和C0/(C0+C1)F/P值变化较为复杂。土柱淋滤实验表明,在0~50 cm范围内,部分PAHs污染源识别参数(An/178、MPI1、MP/P、C0/(C0+C1)F/P和C0/(C0+C1)P/A等)随深度的变化趋势与自然土壤剖面中的变化趋势基本一致,在深层50~100 cm范围内,这些参数值的大小逐渐与原土中的接近。表明淋滤作用(迁移过程)对表层土及土壤剖面浅部(50 cm范围内)部分PAHs污染源参数值的大小有不同程度的影响,运用PAHs污染源识别参数时,这些参数的有效性应引起足够的注意;而剖面深部(>50 cm)PAHs参数值受表层污染物组成的影响较小,其大小主要反映原土中化合物组成及成因。不同剖面受淋滤作用影响的范围存在一定的差别,这主要取决于土壤中TOC的分布特征。 相似文献
909.
910.