Influence of new town development on the urban heat island - The case of the Bundang area

Five new towns have been developed around the Seoul metropolitan area since 1996. However, these new towns generate lots of traffic and related problems in the areas including those new towns and Seoul as a result of increases in population and a lack of ecological-self-sufficiency. Currently, construction of another new town is under deliberation, and what should be a major consider is the notion that the new town be located within a wide, green zone. Many studies have revealed that green space can play an important role in improving urban eco-meteorological capability and air quality. In order to analyze the urban heat island which will be created by the new urban development, and to investigate the local thermal environment and its negative effects caused by a change of land use type and urbanization, Landsat TM images were used for extraction of urban surface temperature according to changes of land use over the last 15 years. These data are analyzed together with digital land use and topographic information. As a study result, it was found the urban heat island of the study area from 198.5 to 1999 rapidly developed which showed a difference of mean temperature above 2.0. Before the Bundang new town construction the temperature of the residential area was the same as a forest, but during the new town construction in 1991 analysis revealed the creation of an urban heat island. The temperature of a forest whose size is over 50% of the investigation area was lowest, and thus the presence of a forest is believed to have a direct cooling effect on the urban environment and its surroundings. The mean temperature of the residential and commercial areas in the study was found to be 4.5 higher than the forest, and therefore this part of land use is believed to be the main factor causing the temperature increase of the urban heat island.     

环境空气污染预报及其意义

由我国在１３个重点城市开展环境空气污染周报出发，综述国内外环境空气污染预报的情况，指出环境空气污染预报的三方面重要意义。     

天津港污水接收处理中心工程进口污水成份预测和研讨

本文根据《港口工程环境保护设计规范》，对天津港污水接收处理中心进口污水成份作了预测和分析，并对沿海几个港口油轮成品油种的压舱水、洗舱水和机舱水进行采样分析．通过分析计算，为港区油轮进一步处理，提供参考依据．     

大气污染的危害与对策

根据目前全球大气污染形成的现状,分析了大气污染的危害,提出了综合防治的对策和相关措施。     

燃煤引起的氟污染

氟是煤中的有害元素，煤燃烧时，煤中氟被释放出来，本文叙述了煤在燃烧过程中，氟化物形态的转化、释放氟的规律，氟在大气环境中的迁移，扩散机理，为氟污染的评价和防治提供科学依据。     

云南空气中TSP的现状与控制

云南省１９９０￣１９９６年１７个城镇的ＴＳＰ污染水平一直在０．２０ｍｇ／ｍ＾３左右波动，比较平稳。将年平均浓度值与超标率相比较，历年来ＴＳＰ的污染程度变化不大，但污染面有逐年扩大的趋势。因此，为提高空气质量达标率，必须加强管理和技术方面的措施。     

事故出流时河流综合水质的计算机预测方法研究

河流上游的污水排放口或倒虹管等污水构筑因有可能发生事故出流而对下游的取水口存在着潜在的威胁，常规的单参数模型不能就事故出流对下游的影响作出公正评价。本文以QUAL－Ⅱ模型为骨架，以生动形象的动画形式演示出在整个排污过程中多个水质参数沿河道分布的变化全过程，并且，在模型中融入隶属度BP神经网络综合评价水质的模块，用它来对发生事故出流时下游取水口水域的水质变化进行综合评价，最后通过一个例子说明了该方法的优越性和合理性。     

两种扩散模式在辽化地区中应用

应用高斯模式及艾根模式分别计算了辽化地区地下不同气象条件气象条件下ＳＯ２小时浓度，并与实测浓度进行了对比分析，结果表明，在地形不平坦地区应用艾根模式可以得到与实测浓度较一致的结果。     

论共同但有区别的责任

十八世纪后，随着世界各国尤其是西方国家工业化进程的加速，地球上的空气严重污染，大气质量急剧下降，空间环境迅速恶化。1979年初，全球气质变化问题引起了国际社会的广泛关注。共同但有区别责任在此背景下产生的。