环境监测机构质量体系建设技术问题的解决建议

本文就环境监测机构计量认证和实验室认可进行"二合一"认证和管理的必要性和可行性进行了分析论证,对在质量体系建立和日常管理中文件的编制和检测方法的正确认证等几个关键性的技术问题提出了可行、有效的解决建议.     

国家林业局林业机电工程重点开放性实验室

2003年8月,国家林业局批准,依托国家林业局哈尔滨林业机械研究所建设的国家林业局林业机电工程重点开放性实验室,现有专业技术人员59人,其中享受政府特殊津贴1人,研究员6人,首席专家4人,硕士研究生导师4人,具有硕士以上学位12人,外聘行业资深专家4人。     

化学事故紧急处置和防护的最新科学研究研讨会召开

由法国普利沃实验室和国家安全生产监督管理总局国际交流合作中心共同举办的化学事故紧急处置和防护的最新科学研究研讨会日前在北京、上海、广州、西安四地召开。     

化学实验室通风及废气治理工程设计

目前化学实验室的废气绝大多数都是直接排放,基本上未作废气处理.集中直接排放虽在某种程度上改善了操作人员的工作环境,但直接对大气造成了污染,严重地影响了周边地区的环境.本文介绍了一种高效率、低成本的将通风设计与实验室废气治理技术有机结合的方法.     

时代集团推出新型的TH180里氏硬度计

时代TH180里氏硬度测量系统测试精度高、体积小、操作容易、携带方便,测量范围宽,适用于测试金属材料的硬度。在第六届中国国际科学仪器及实验室装备展览会获自主创新银奖,并且投放生产,于2009年1月11日正式上市。     

低温试验和输入输出试验能力验证计划与检测技术研讨会在宁波召开

2007年,广州威凯检测技术研究所在CNAS实验室技术委员会电气专委会提供技术支持下,负责实施了中国合格评定国家认可委员会（CNAS）的CNAS T0346低温试验能力验证计划。在CNAS T0346计划实施的过程中发现了一些问题,为有效解决问题,提高实验室的技术能力,保证检测结果的一致性,应广大实验室要求,广州威凯检测技术研究所于2008年6月17—18日在宁波主办召开了低温试验和输入输出能力验证计划与检测技术研讨会。     

Effect of phosphogypsum and dicyandiamide as additives on NH3, N2O and CH4 emissions during composting

A laboratory scale experiment of composting in a forced aeration system using pig manure with cornstalks was carried out to investigate the effects of both phosphogypsum and dicyandiamide (DCD, C2H4N4) as additives on gaseous emissions and compost quality. Besides a control, there were three amended treatments with different amounts of additives. The results indicated that the phosphogypsum addition at the rate of 10% of mixture dry weight decreased NH₃ and CH₄ emissions significantly during composting. The addition of DCD at the rate of 0.2% of mixture dry weight together with 10% of phosphogypsum further reduced the N₂O emission by affecting the nitrification process. Reducing the phosphogypsum addition to 5% in the presence of 0.2% DCD moderately increased the NH₃ emissions but not N₂O emission. The additives increased the ammonium content and electrical conductivity significantly in the final compost. No adverse effect on organic matter degradation or the germination index of the compost was found in the amended treatments. It was recommended that phosphogypsum and DCD could be used in composting for the purpose of reducing NH₃, CH₄ and N₂O emissions. Optimal conditions and dose of DCD additive during composting should be determined with different materials and composting systems in further study.     

中华人民共和国国家环境保护标准HJ 589-2010 突发环境事件应急监测技术规范

1适用范围本标准规定了突发环境事件应急监测的布点与采样、监测项目与相应的现场监测和实验室监测分析方法、监测数据的处理与上报、监测的质量保证等的技术要求。本标准适用于因生产、经营、储存、运输、使用和处置危险化学品或危险废物以及意外因素或不可抗拒的自然灾害等原因而引发的突发环境事件的应急监测,包括地表水、地下水、大气和土壤环境等的应急监测。     

Factors effecting aluminum speciation in drinking water by laboratory research

Effects of aluminum on water distribution system and human health mainly attribute to its speciation in drinking water. Laboratory experiments were performed to investigate factors that may influence aluminum speciation in water supply system. The concentration of soluble aluminum and its transformation among other aluminum species were mainly controlled by kinetics processes of related reactions. Total aluminum concentration had a notable e ect on the concentrations of mononuclear and soluble aluminum in the first 4 day; then its e ect became weak. At pH above 7.50, both fluoride and orthophosphate had little e ect on aluminum speciation; while, when the solution pH was below 7.50, the concentrations of mononuclear and soluble aluminum were proportional to the concentration of fluoride and inversely proportional to the concentration of orthophosphate. Both mononuclear and polynuclear silicic acids could complex with mononuclear aluminum by forming soluble aluminosilicates. In addition, the adding sequence of orthophosphate and aluminum into drinking water would also a ect the distribution of aluminum species in the first 4 day. In order to minimize aluminum bioavailability in drinking water, it was suggested that orthophosphate should be added prior to coagulant process, and that the concentrations of fluoride and silicic acids should be controlled below 2.0 and 25 mg/L, respectively, prior to the treatment. The solution pH in coagulation and filtration processes should be controlled in the range of 6.50–7.50.