我省在全国首推“绿色信贷”评价办法

7月份全省省辖城市二级以上天数平均达到31天。石家庄市空气二级以上天数达到31天,比去年同期增加2天。全省空气污染综合指数平均为1．40。河北七月的天空是百分百的优良天。     

Potential toxic risk of heavy metals from sediment of the Pearl River in South China

Based on the monitoring of five heavy metal elements in the surface sediments of the Pearl River in South China, potential toxicity of the heavy metals was assessed using consensus-based sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) method and geo-accumulation (I_geo) index method. The monitoring results showed the heavy metal concentrations were significantly and positively correlated with each other, demonstrating a common trend in variation of concentration in the surface sediments. The assessment using the consensus-based SQGs method showed the potential toxicity of Cu was the highest, and Cd was the lowest. The evaluation based on mean probable effect concentration (PEC) quotient showed the region was seriously polluted with high toxicity heavy metals. Correlation analysis revealed a significant and positive correlation between the mean PEC quotient and the average of I_geo with a correlation coefficient of 0.926 (n = 23, P < 0.01). In conclusion, the consensus-based SQGs and mean PEC quotient are applicable to assess potential toxicity risks of heavy metals in freshwater sediments in the Pearl River.     

综合管廊燃气舱燃气爆炸冲击波传播特征研究*

为研究综合管廊燃气舱燃气爆炸冲击波的传播特征,采用数值模拟方法研究首次超压峰值和首次流速峰值的变化规律,建立首次流速峰值与首次超压峰值和填充长度的耦合关系,分析不同填充长度情况下燃气爆炸后的超压和水平流速的变化规律。结果表明:燃气爆炸后,燃气舱内存在多个超压峰值,峰值间存在明显的时间差。冲击波到达各测点的时间与燃气填充长度成反比关系。水平流速曲线随着时间的变化以0为基点上下振荡,存在正向峰值和反向峰值。随着燃气填充长度的增加,流速下降趋势变快。首次超压峰值随传播距离的增加先增大后减小再增大,随着填充长度的增加,产生超压峰值最大值的位置由接近填充长度结束的位置转移到燃气舱封闭端。首次流速峰值随传播距离的增加先增大后减小。首次流速峰值与首次超压峰值呈现正比关系,通过拟合得到流速峰值与超压峰值及填充长度的耦合关系。研究结果可为燃气舱燃气爆炸后的流速分布研究以及燃气舱防火分区的设计提供参考。     

尾矿砂介质渗流过程诱发声发射信号特征试验研究*

为了对渗流状态进行预测预报,从而预防渗透破坏事故的发生,基于地下水位上升、不同尾矿砂粒径以及渗流速度诱发的弹性波信号,采用声发射技术对尾矿砂介质的渗流状态进行监测。由800,1 100,1 400 mm 3种不同水头高度（流速）下的水流分别渗入0.1~0.25,0.25~0.5,0.5~1 mm以及混合粒径的尾矿砂介质中,模拟尾矿坝渗流,监测渗流过程的AE信号,分析液面上升、不同粒径尾矿砂颗粒以及不同流速下的渗流AE信号特征。结果表明:在试验所选用的几组粒径中,流速相同时,粒径较大的尾矿砂渗流产生的AE事件数量多、幅值大,即粒径越大,尾矿砂渗流过程的AE信号越强;同一粒径下,流速越小,渗流产生的AE信号幅值越小,AE事件数越少,即流速越小,尾矿砂渗流过程的AE信号越弱;液面上升过程中,在液面位置处产生的AE信号最强,且AE信号随液面位置与传感器距离而变化,越接近传感器AE信号越强,这表明AE技术能够较为准确地监测渗流过程中液面上升。研究结果可为尾矿坝渗流监测提供理论与技术支持。     

简讯

01.生态环境部:2021年全国PM_2.5平均浓度每立方米要下降0.5微克,生态环境部近日表示,未来我国大气污染防治将重点聚焦PM_2.5和臭氧污染协同改善,2021年全国PM_2.5平均浓度每立方米要下降0.5微克。生态环境部数据显示,2020年,未达标地级及以上城市PM_2.5平均浓度比2015年下降28.8%,全国优良天数比率比2015年上升5.8个百分点,“十三五”约束性指标超额完成。未来环境质量改善目标仍将聚焦PM_2.5和优良天数两方面,重点减排的污染物将从原有的二氧化硫转向VOCs。     

基于实测的燃煤电厂汞排放特性分析与研究

选取我国6个有代表性的燃煤电厂进行现场实测,依据现场监测的汞排放浓度数据计算得出每个燃煤电厂汞的脱除率和汞平均排放因子,从而得出这6个燃煤电厂汞排放特性,为将来我国汞排放控制提供支持和依据.6个燃煤电厂的汞排放浓度为4.72～14.54μg/m3,汞脱除效率为20.89%～70.63%,汞排放因子为14.09～56.0...     

Mercury removals by existing pollutants control devices of four coal-fired power plants in China

The mercury removals by existing pollution control devices in four coal-fired power plants of China were carried out based on a measurement method with the aluminum matrix sorbent.     

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in chicken tissues and eggs from an electronic waste recycling area in southeast China

The levels and distributions of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in chicken tissues from an electronic waste (e-waste) recycling area in southeast China were investigated. Human dietary intake by local residents via chicken muscle and eggs was estimated. The mean PBDEs concentrations in tissues ranged from 15.2 to 3138.1 ng/g lipid weight (lw) and in egg the concentration was 563.5 ng/g lw. The results showed that the level of total PBDEs (PPBDEs) in the chicken tissue was 2–3 orders of magnitude higher than those reported in the literature. The large di erence of PPBDEs concentrations between tissues confirmed that the distribution of PBDEs in tissues depend on tissue-specificity rather than the “lipid-compartment”. BDE-209 was the predominant congener (82.5%– 94.7% of PPBDEs) in all chicken tissues except in brain (34.7% of PPBDEs), which indicated that deca-BDE (the major commercial PBDE formulation comprising 65%–70% of total production) was major pollution source in this area and could be bioaccumulated in terrestrial animals. The dietary PBDEs intake of the local residents from chicken muscle and egg, assuming only local bred chickens and eggs were consumed, ranged from 2.2 to 22.5 ng/(day kg body weight (bw)) with a mean value of 13.5 ng/(day kg bw), which was one order of magnitude higher than the value reported in previous studies for consumption of all foodstu s.     

数字

61．7％ 截A201O年12月底,这59条河流化学需氧量和氨氨平均浓度分别为23．7毫克／升和1．4毫克／升,比上年同期分别下降40.4％和61．7％。按常见鱼类能够稳定生存的技术参考指标（化学需氧量≤60毫克／升、氨氮≤6毫克／升）衡量,这些河流全部达到恢复鱼类生长的标准。     

基于ACE-BN的通勤飞行事故/事件诱因分析

为降低我国通用航空短途运输运行安全风险,提出一种基于平均因果效应(ACE)和贝叶斯网络(BN)的事故/事件诱因分析方法。首先,分析102起美国通勤飞行事故/事件,共识别出7类19种诱因;然后,引入ACE公式确定节点的优先次序,使用K2算法构建BN结构,并采用最大期望(EM)算法进行网络参数学习,建立通勤飞行事故/事件诱因分析模型;最后,对各诱因的概率进行排序并分析诱因间的敏感性。结果表明：机组经验不足导致的事故/事件发生概率最高;机械设备情况容易受到雨雪等恶劣天气的影响;天气因素和监管因素对机组因素表现出较高的敏感性,其中,恶劣的天气会影响机翼等机械设备的正常运转,进而影响飞行员对于飞机的操作,技术和安全培训不到位会影响飞行员和管制人员的专业水平及经验技能。