Microbiological parameters and maturity degree during composting of Posidonia oceanica residues mixed with vegetable wastes in semi-arid pedo-climatic condition

The aim of this study was to characterize the biological stability and maturity degree of compost during a controlled pile-composting trial of mixed vegetable residues (VR) collected from markets of Tunis City with residues of Posidonia oceanica (PoR), collected from Tunis beaches. The accumulation in beaches (as well as their removal) constitutes a serious environmental problem in all Mediterranean countries particularly in Tunisia. Aerobic-thermophilic composting is the most reasonable way to profit highly-valuable content of organic matter in these wastes for agricultural purposes. The physical, chemical, and biological parameters were monitored during composting over 150 d. The most appropriate parameters were selected to establish the maturity degree. The main result of this research was the deduction of the following maturity criterion: (a) C/N ratio < 15; (b) NH₄⁺-N < 400 mg/kg; (c) CO₂-C < 2000 mg CO₂-C/kg; (d) dehydrogenase activity < 1 mg TPF/g dry matter; (e) germination index (GI) > 80%. These five parameters, considered jointly are indicative of a high maturity degree and thus of a high-quality organic amendment which employed in a rational way, may improve soil fertility and soil quality. The mature compost was relatively rich in N (13.0 g/kg), P (4.74 g/kg) and MgO (15.80 g/kg). Thus composting definitively constitutes the most optimal option to exploit these wastes.     

废物处理企业在清洁生产中的作用

作为对废物进行无害化处理及资源化利用的特殊企业,废物处理企业在清洁生产中扮演着与其它企业不同的独特角色。废物处理企业不仅作为废物处理和资源化利用的主体在清洁生产中发挥着直接的作用,而且还通过对废物产生源的影响、对废物处理技术和管理经验的开发和实践、以及对废物有关信息的反馈等方式,对废物产生单位的经营和管理部门决策施加影响,从而起到影响和促进清洁生产的作用。     

城市污泥的处置和利用

在城市污水处理的过程中,产生大量的污泥。污泥中含有很多有毒物质,如细菌、病原微生物、寄生虫卵以及重金属离子等;有用的物质如植物营养素、氮、磷、钾、有机物等。过去污泥的处置常被忽视,或者处理不当产生臭味污染大气,或者任意堆放,随降雨流失污染水体造成二次污染。目前,人们已愈来愈认识到在考虑生化法处理污水装置的建设时,首先要对污泥的出路问题,在公害方面,处理技术方面,经济性方面应充分进行研究,使污水处理厂能够正常运行;有毒、有害物质得到及时处理;有用物质得到利用。以便达到化害为利,综合利用,保护环境的目的。     

国外固体废物浸出液毒性试验研究的现状

评述了国外固体废物浸出毒性试验研究的现状，重点介绍了日本和美国在此领域的最新研究成果：简略论述了我国现阶段存在的主要问题及发展动态。