Combination of adsorption and biodegradation processes for textile e uent treatment using a granular activated carbon-biofilm configured packed column system

The objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using a granular activated carbon-biofilm configured packed column system in the deeolodzation of azo dye Acid Orange 7-containing wastewater.The Acid Orange 7-degrading microbial from anaerobic sequencing batch reactor which treating the azo dye-containing wastewater for more than 200 d was immobilized on spent granular activated carbon(GAC)through attachment.The GAC-biofilm configured packed column system showed the ability to decolorize...     

Fog simulation using a mesoscale model in and around the Yodo River Basin, Japan

In this study,fog simulations were conducted using the Fifth-Generation NCAR/Penn State Mesoscale Model (MM5) in and around the Yodo River Basin,Japan.The purpose is to investigate the MM5 performance of fog simulation for long-term periods.The simulations were performed for January,February,March,and July,2005 with a coarse 3-kin and a nested fine 1-km grid domains. Results of the simulations were compared with data from ten meteorological observatories,fog sampling site in Mt.Rokko,and visibility measu...     

A novel use of TiO2 fiber for photocatalytic ozonation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in aqueous solution

More efficient oxidation methods are needed to degrade especially newly emerging recalcitrant organic contaminants at low concentrations in the water environment. Reduced photonic efficiency of immobilized TiO2 is a major challenge in TiO2-assisted advanced oxidation processes (AOP). Mineralization of 2,4-dichllorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) in low aqueous solution by O3/UV/TiO2 using the world's first high-strength TiO2 fiber was investigated and compared with O3, UV/TiO2, and O3/TiO2 in laboratory batch ex...     

Second organic aerosol formation from the ozonolysis of α-pinene in the presence of dry submicron ammonium sulfate aerosol

An indoor chamber facility is described for investigation of atmospheric aerosol chemistry. Two sets of α-pinene ozonolysis experiments were conducted in the presence of dry ammonium sulfate seed particle: ozone limited experiments and α-pinene limited experiments. The concentration of gas phase and particle phase species was monitored continuously by on-line instruments and recorded automatically by data sampling system. The evolution of size distribution was measured by a scanning mobility particle sizer ...     

Estimation of ammonia nitrogen load from nonpoint sources in the Xitiao River catchment, China

Ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) is one of the three main forms of total nitrogen (TN). Most studies have estimated the load of TN from nonpoint sources instead of one specific form. The relationship between land use and concentrations of NH4+-N in runoff was analyzed using the hydraulic analysis functions of a Geographic Information Systems (GIS), and the annual loads of NH4+-N in the Xitiao River catchment were estimated according to model results. The results suggested that the calculated annual loads of NH4+-N...     

Biodecolorization and partial mineralization of Reactive Black 5 by a strain of Rhodopseudomonas palustris

A strain of photosynthetic bacterium, Rhodopseudomonas palustris W1, isolated from a lab-scale anaerobic moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) treating textile e?uent was demonstrated to decolorize Reactive Black 5 (RB5) effciently under anaerobic condition. By a series of batch tests, the suitable conditions for RB5 decolorization were obtained, namely, pH < 10, light presence, glutamine or lactate as carbon source with concentration more than 500 mg/L when lactate is selected, NH4Cl as a nitrogen source with ...     

地理信息系统在区域地质灾害危险性评估中应用研究——以新疆哈密市双井子26号铁矿区为例

地质灾害的孕育与发生给社会进步和经济发展带来了极大的破坏和损失,但致灾因子复杂多样,空间差异显著。因而,要确定地质灾害危险性属于空间型的评判问题,可以采用空间分析的最新技术手段-GIS进行评价研究。文章以干旱半干旱地区——新疆哈密市双井子有色金属26号铁矿为研究区,通过对崩塌、滑坡、泥石流、地面塌陷、沉降、地裂缝6大灾种因子进行定性和定量相结合的危险度分析,充分利用地理信息系统的计算与空间分析功能,将研究区各潜在灾种因子叠加分析,最终编制出研究区的地质灾害危险性评估分区图。该图描述了在现有自然条件和人类工程活动下的潜在地质灾害危险区。研究成果为全面反映灾情,确定减灾目标,优化防御措施,进行科学地减灾决策提供了一定依据。     

哈尔滨松北区2007年春季可吸入颗粒物PM10的粒度分布及来源分析

通过使用高分辨率扫描电镜和图象分析技术对哈尔滨市松北区春季大气可吸入颗粒物PM10微观形貌和粒度分布进行了分析。初步得出哈尔滨松北区PM10的矿物多以不规则的形式存在,且多是来自扬尘的原生矿物;根据粒度分布特征得知,矿物颗粒的数量-粒度分布非常大;飞灰和烟尘集合体的数量-粒度分布较大,说明它们多以微小细颗粒物的形式存在。     

基于多故障冲击模型和故障树的PFDavg计算方法研究*

为提高安全仪表功能（SIF）要求时危险失效平均概率（PFDavg）计算结果的精确度,提出1种能准确计算SIF在多重共因失效影响下的PFDavg的数学模型。建立包含多重共因失效的系统失效故障树,然后利用多故障冲击模型区分普通失效率和多重共因失效率,根据瞬时不可用率的定义和故障树的逻辑关系计算出SIF的瞬时不可用率;基于PFDavg的定义,计算出SIF的PFDavg,以某化工企业SIF为例进行验证。结果表明:方法有效考虑了多重共因失效对SIF的影响,通过模型计算出SIF的PFDavg大于基于马尔可夫（Markov）方法的软件计算结果,但二者处于相同的数量级。模型在评估SIF的PFDavg时比传统方法偏保守,能提高安全仪表功能的安全性。     

基于AHP-TOPSIS法综合评判的保护层开采选择*

为优选首采层作为保护层开采,选取5个一级指标和19个二级指标,建立以AHP（层次分析法）和TOPSIS（逼近理想解排序法）为基础的煤层突出危险性评价模型,通过层次分析法确定各指标的权重,结合逼近理想解排序法分析贴近度并预测出煤层突出危险可能性,并进行现场工业性实验。结果表明:AHP-TOPSIS综合评判法预测优选8号煤层作为保护层开采,并经现场工业性实验验证,瓦斯解放效果较好。该方法结合主观因素和客观因素,避免单一地从主观出发或从客观出发带来的决策失误,并选取大量评价指标,使预测结果更贴合实际情况,可作为优选保护层的理论依据。