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51.
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目前,排污权有偿使用和交易作为各地环保工作体制、机制创新的热点,是利用经济手段促进环境保护的有益尝试。本文从指标来源、指标使用期限、与污染减排的关系、技术支撑以及指标交易后续监管五个方面分析了排污权交易指标关联要素,得出交易指标与国家政策、污染减排以及环境监管密切相关的结论,从完善国家政策、强化与污染减排衔接和突出指标后续监管三个方面提出了相应的对策建议。 相似文献
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随着《环评法》的颁布实施,环评市场不断扩大,本文针对杭州市余杭区环评价格高低有错、环评质量良莠不齐的现象,分析了环评机构间的环评价格博弈关系、环评机构与环保管理部门间的环评质量博弈关系,并指出环保管理部门适当融入到环评市场中有利于突破"囚徒困境"及"小偷与守卫"博弈,引导环评市场健康、有序发展。 相似文献
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The toxicity of naphthalene to a freshwater microalga, Chlorella pyrenoidosa, and the subsequent recovery of algae from the damage
were investigated under two nutrient conditions, either enriched with nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), or starved of N and P. Results
showed that C. pyrenoidosa was more sensitive to naphthalene under N,P-enriched condition, and the inhibitory rate generally increased
at first and then decreased gradually with the evaporation of naphthalene under both nutrient conditions. Enriched N, P reduced the
inhibitory rate at initial naphthalene concentration of 5 and 10 mg/L, but enhanced it at 100 mg/L, at which more severe ultrastructure
damages were found than those under N,P-starved condition. Observed damages included partly or totally disappearance of nucleolus,
nuclear, and plasma membranes. According to the chlorophyll content and cell density measurements, C. pyrenoidosa could recover
from naphthalene damage with initial concentrations 6 50 mg/L in 7 days under both nutrient conditions, while they could not recover
if the initial concentration of naphthalene was at 100 mg/L. Under the N,P-starved condition, the inability of C. pyrenoidosa to recover
from the naphthalene damage was consistent with the results of high inhibitory rate, low value of specific growth rate (SGR, 0.05
day??1), and the severe destruction of cell structure. However, under the N,P-enriched conditions, the observed lower inhibitory rate,
higher value of SGR (0.55 day??1), and the intact cell structure of most cells suggested that algae could potentially recover from the
naphthalene damage. 相似文献
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Siriprapha Jangkorn Sinchai Kuhakaew Suwapee Theantanoo Harit Klinla-or Tongchai Sriwiriyarat 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2011,23(4):587-594
A coagulation-flocculation process is typically employed to treat the industrial wastewater generated by the consumer products
industry manufacturing detergents, soaps, and others. The expenditure of chemicals including coagulants and chemicals for pH
adjustment is costly for treating this wastewater. The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of reusing the aluminum
sulfate (alum) sludge as a coagulant or as a coagulation aid so that the fresh alum dosage can be minimized or the removal e ciency can
be enhanced. The experiments were conducted in a jar-test apparatus simulating the coagulation-flocculation process for simultaneous
removals of organic matters, anionic surfactants, suspended solids, and turbidity. At the optimum initial pH value of 10 and the fresh
alum concentration of 400 mg/L, the total suspended solids (TSS), total chemical oxygen demand (TCOD), total anionic surfactants,
and turbidity removal e ciencies were 71.5%, 76.4%, 95.4%, and 98.2%, respectively. The addition of alum sludge as a coagulant
alone without any fresh alum addition could significantly remove the turbidity, TCOD, and anionic surfactants. The TSS was left in the
supernatants after the settling period, but would subsequently be removed by adding the fresh alum. The TSS, TCOD, and turbidity
removal e ciencies were also enhanced when both the alum sludge and the fresh alum were employed. The TCOD removal e ciency
over 80% has been accomplished, which has never fulfilled by using the fresh alum alone. It is concluded that the alum sludge could
be reused for the treatment of industrial wastewater generated by the consumer products industry. 相似文献
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初始排污权分配问题的合理性和实用性关系到排污权交易市场的正常运转,是关系到环境污染总量控制的关键.是确保实现污染控制区的总体经济效益最大化的重要因素.排污权初始价格的确定是初始排污权分配的关键问题.在此结合南京市主要污染物(COD和S02)具体治理及排放状况,对排污权初始价格确定的技术方法进行研究探索. 相似文献