单一和复合溶液中Cu~(2+)对三种土壤SeO_3~(2-)吸附的影响

采用批量吸附实验,研究了塿土、黑土和红壤对单一Se O2-3及其与Cu2+共存条件下的吸附特征,并分析了Cu2+添加顺序对3种土壤Se O2-3吸附的影响,旨在为揭示土壤中铜硒复合污染中金属的迁移转化提供依据.结果表明,塿土、黑土和红壤对单一及Cu2+-Se O2-3复合溶液中Se O2-3的吸附是一个先快后慢的过程,24 h基本达到吸附平衡,且其对单一及复合溶液中Se O2-3的吸附均符合二级动力学方程(R20.994),说明化学吸附是主要限速步骤.3种土壤对单一Se O2-3的吸附符合Langmuir方程(R20.937),而先铜后硒、铜硒共同吸附处理Se O2-3的吸附却符合Freundlich方程(R20.928),表明加入Cu2+后,土壤对Se O2-3的吸附由单分子层化学吸附转变为多分子层表面吸附.当Se O2-3浓度为50μg·L-1时,Cu2+对塿土Se O2-3吸附无显著影响,而黑土和红壤的Se O2-3吸附却随Cu2+浓度的升高而降低;且Cu2+的添加顺序对3种土壤Se O2-3吸附无显著影响.当Se O2-3浓度为200μg·L-1时,塿土对Se O2-3的吸附随Cu2+浓度的升高而下降,黑土和红壤Se O2-3吸附量则呈先降低后略微升高的趋势,且当Cu2+浓度为160 mg·L-1时,其添加顺序对3种土壤Se O2-3吸附达到显著影响(p0.05).总之,在单一及复合溶液中土壤对Se O2-3的吸附随土壤类型而异,Cu2+的添加抑制了3种土壤对Se O2-3的吸附,且Cu2+添加顺序对Se O2-3吸附的影响与铜、硒离子浓度有关.     

产品环境试验顺序的优化选择

首先介绍了产品进行环境试验的目的及其重要性,对环境试验项目之间的相互影响及合理顺序进行了分析,并阐述了选择环境试验项目顺序所遵循的一般原则,说明在进行环境试验时,必须针对具体试验项目,注意合理的试验顺序,才能确保试验结果的真实性、代表性和可比性。     

关于循环经济3R原则优先顺序的理论探讨

对循环经济3R原则的内涵、3R原则优先顺序的理论进行了探讨,优先顺序是减量化→再使用→再循环利用,减量化原则是循环经济的首要原则。并作了应用实例分析。     

毒性废水稀释中强度改变与浓度改变的跟随性研究

适用于已知毒物和毒性应用剂量测定的经典技术方法,以样品稀释过程中毒性强度改变与浓度改变的等比率跟随性为基础。废水中的毒性物质常以未知和混合为特征,高毒性的样品现状浓度距离方法预试验中最小全致死浓度较远,以已知毒物重铬酸钾毒性为对照,形成5种毒物高层级等强度毒性,通过这些高毒性废水同步等比率稀释后毒性改变的同步性测定试验,证明毒性废水稀释中强度改变与浓度改变的跟随状态具有不确定性。     

吴昌华,人生是用来改变世界的

吴昌华和斯蒂芬以及嘉宾舌枪唇剑,围绕着中国青年的环境教育,中国的大国责任等问题和斯蒂芬进行了辩论。在这个收视率超高的节目中,吴昌华的专业和睿智征服了所有观众。2011年12月6日,在南非德班召开的联合国应对气候变化大会高端会议——"驱动变革,全球行动"会议上,当气候组织"千村计划"被宣布为公私合作伙伴关     

《化工环保》参考文献格式规范

参考文献只列出主要的,按在文中出现的先后顺序编号,用方括号标于引文处上角。著录作者姓名,应姓前名后,姓和名的首字母大写,中国作者汉语拼音名用全拼,欧美作者名缩写,姓与名之间空一格。如著者不多于3人,全部著录;如4人以上,只著录前3人,后加等或et al,著者间加,。杂志名请用标准缩写。所有缩写词均不加缩写点。各类文献的书写格式如下(序号不加方括号)。a)专著序号主要责任者.书名.其他责任者(如编者、译者).版本(第1版不写).出版地:     

Simultaneous biodegradation of nitrogen-containing aromatic compounds in a sequencing batch bioreactor

Many nitrogen-containing aromatic compounds (NACs), such as nitrobenzene (NB), 4-nitrophenol (4-NP), aniline (AN), and 2,4-dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP), are environmentally hazardous, and their removal from contaminated water is one of the main challenges facing wastewater treatment plants. In this study, synthetic wastewater containing NB, 4-NP, 2,4-DNP, and AN at concentrations ranging from 50 to 180 mg/L was fed into a sequencing batch reactor (SBR). Analyses of the SBR system indicated that it simultaneously removed more than 99% of the NACs at loading rates of 0.36 kg NB/(m3·d), 0.3 kg 4-NP/(m3·d), 0.25 kg AN/(m3·d), and 0.1 kg 2,4-DNP/(m3·d). Bacterial groups of Bacteriodetes, Candidate division TM7, α-Proteobacteria, and β-Proteobacteria were dominant in the clone libraries of 16S rRNA genes retrieved from the microbial communities in the SBR system. "Cycle tests" designed to alter feeding and aeration parameters of the SBR system demonstrated that the resident microbial biome of the SBR system responded rapidly to changing conditions. Consumption of O2 was concomitant with the apparent mineralization of NACs. Aromatic ring-cleaving dioxygenase activities suggested that (1) AN and NB were degraded via catechol 2,3-dioxygenase; (2) 4-NP was degraded via 1,2,4-benzentriol 1,2-dioxygenase; and (3) 2,4-DNP was degraded via an unresolved pathway.     

Temporal-spatial Characteristics of the Urbanization of Rural Land in Xinjiang

Relying on remote sensor technology, GIS and Land-sat TM digital images, the authors use spatial and statistical analysis to examine the temporal-spatial characteristics of the change caused by urban Construction in Xinjiang＇s rural areas from the end of the 1980s to the end of the 1990s. The primary findings show the following： 1） The urban construction in rural areas has increased drastically. The expansion speed of urban land use has accelerated over the past decade. The sub-land use changes caused by the urbanization of rural are characterized by salient regional differentiation among the three main regions and among the 85 counties of Xinjiang. 2） The shift of land use is mostly characterized by cultivated land and grassland being used for urban and industrial projects. Moreover, this change of land use is characteristic of regional differences. 3） Factors of rural-urban construction land use changes in Xinjiang, are undoubtedly affected by natural environment, social, economic conditions, and to a larger degree by population growth, GDP development and industrial development.     

控制消毒副产物及前体物的优化工艺组合

为实现对消毒副产物的控制,比较了新开发的顺序氯化消毒工艺与传统氯消毒工艺在常规工艺、常规+深度处理工艺、预氧化+常规+深度处理工艺中对消毒副产物及其前体物的去除特性.与传统的氯消毒相比,顺序氯化消毒工艺可以有效减少消毒副产物的生成量,THMs减少35.8%～77·0%,HAAs减少36·6%～54·8%;而且消毒进水水质越差,短时游离氯后转氯胺的消毒工艺就越有优势.对最简单的传统工艺进行顺序氯化消毒产生THMs和HAAs为18·51μg/L和19·25μg/L,低于采用最复杂工艺:预臭氧氧化+常规+臭氧-活性炭工艺进行传统氯消毒的副产物生成量(THMs19·40μg/L,HAAs24·70μg/L).对消毒副产物前体物去除和副产物控制有明显效果的前处理工艺是臭氧-活性炭工艺和预臭氧氧化.建议采用传统工艺的水厂改造时优先考虑顺序氯化消毒工艺和臭氧-活性炭工艺.     

药剂投加顺序及形态对污泥浓缩性能的影响

污水处理厂产生的污泥中固体物质主要是胶质微粒,其与水的亲和力很强,在脱泥时,需对污泥进行调理,通常是先投加污泥调理剂后加助凝剂,随后通过机械脱水等方法进行脱水处理。河南某污水处理厂污泥处理采用的是板框压滤机,压泥药剂为三氯化铁、氢氧化钙。试验前该厂采用先投加固体三氯化铁后投加固体白灰进行脱水,本文主要探究的是三氯化铁、白灰的投加顺序及固液体形态对污泥浓缩性的影响,以此来提高脱泥效率。