镧掺杂TiO2/g-C3N4复合光催化剂的制备及其可见光催化活性研究

以工业二氧化钛(TiO_2)、硝酸镧(LaN_3O_9·5H_2O)、三聚氰胺(C_3H_6N_6)为原料制备了La掺杂TiO_2/g-C_3N_4复合光催化剂.采用X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、傅里叶变换红外(FT-IR)、紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)、荧光光谱(PL)等表征方法对光催化剂结构进行分析,表明复合样品中La以La~(3+)形式存在于TiO_2晶体中,并形成TiO_2/g-C_3N_4异质结构,其禁带宽度减小、吸收带边红移,光催化效率有明显提高.以亚甲基蓝为目标污染物评价其光催化活性,镧掺杂量为4%(质量分数)、煅烧温度为520℃、煅烧时间为2 h时,复合样品光催化活性最佳,在12 LED灯下,180 min后对10 mg·L~(-1)亚甲基蓝溶液的去除率达97%.     

Fe（0）/H_2O_2协同降解亚甲基蓝的研究

进行了Fe（0）和H2O2协同催化降解亚甲基蓝的研究,分析了Fe（0）投加量、H2O2投加量、溶液初始pH值和染料初始质量浓度等因素的影响。研究表明：Fe（0）和H2O2协同可有效催化降解亚甲基蓝;在pH为4.5,Fe（0）用量为2.0 g.L-1,H2O2用量为3.0 mmol.L-1时对10 mg.L-1亚甲基蓝的去除率在60 min内达到90%以上。MB的降解去除率随着Fe（0）投加量与H2O2用量的增加而增加,但随着其初始质量浓度的增大而降低。研究结果还表明,Fe（0）和H2O2可在接近中性条件下有效协同催化降解亚甲基蓝。UV-Vis光谱在反应过程的变化说明亚甲基蓝降解生成了一些小分子物质。     

痕量亚硝酸根的极谱测定

在酸性介质中,次甲基蓝与亚硝酸根发生亚硝化反应,本文选用0.08mol/l的盐酸,其亚硝化产物在—0.65V(us.SCE)附近产生一灵敏的极谱波,亚硝酸根浓度在0.002—0.24ug/ml范围内与二次导数波高成直线关系,本法用于水样和蔬菜中亚硝酸根的测定,选择性好,灵敏度较     

亚甲基蓝与次氯酸钠对塔胞藻胁迫作用的比较

实验选取养殖生产常用消毒药品亚甲基蓝C16H18ClN3S.3H2O和NaClO作为外源物质,探讨二者对塔胞藻(Pyramimimonas.sp)的毒理学影响及塔胞藻在逆境状态下的适应性变化。结果表明:NaClO对塔胞藻的胁迫表现为低浓度的刺激效应,细胞生理指标变化反映出明显的氧化毒害症状;C16H18ClN3S.3H2O对塔胞藻的胁迫表现为明显的抑制作用,塔胞藻对C16H18ClN3S.3H2O的降解作用显著,细胞所受到的氧化损伤轻微。胁迫作用下叶绿素含量、叶绿素a/b值降低,SOD活力、MDA含量升高;SOD在塔胞藻的氧化抗性机制起着重要作用。     

Fe~0-厌氧微生物体系处理活性艳蓝X-BR的试验研究

采用零价铁(Fe0)-厌氧微生物处理体系,以蒽醌染料活性艳蓝X-BR为处理对象,通过摇床试验研究了Fe0投加量、pH值等因素对染料脱色的影响,并对比了该染料在3种不同处理体系中的脱色效果.结果表明,在Fe0-厌氧微生物体系中,Fe0投加量和pH值均存在最适宜值,当两者分别控制在400mg/L和7,染料初始浓度和反应时间分别为100mg/L和68h时,该体系脱色率可达到90%以上;与相同反应条件下的纯Fe0、纯厌氧微生物体系相比,该体系的脱色率提高近40%.根据紫外-可见光谱分析,Fe0可有效促进厌氧微生物对X-BR及其中间产物的降解,实现完全脱色.其脱色符合准一级动力学,当染料初始浓度由50mg/L增至800mg/L时,反应速率常数k值由0.0470h-1降至0.0102h-1.     

Adsorption of Methylene Blue on magnesium silicate： Kinetics, equilibria and comparison with other adsorbents

Batch adsorption from aqueous solutions in a slightly basic medium of Methylene Blue, up to 2500 mg/L, onto synthetic magnesium silicate (Florisil) of three particle size ranges (mean diameters of 112, 200 and 425 μm) was compared to the corresponding adsorption onto activated carbon and Amberlite XAD-2. The best fit of the kinetic results was achieved by a pseudo second-order equation. The equilibrium data were found to be well represented by the Langmuir isotherm equation. Amberlite XAD-2, an unspecific adsorbent capable of adsorbing exclusively through a surface effect, exhibited a poor dye uptake, confirming that the adsorption mechanism on Florisil was due to electrostatic attraction and ion exchange. Moreover, the comparison between Florisil and the other adsorbents was performed on the basis of the evaluation of the surface area and pore volume occupied by the adsorbed dye.     

Enhanced adsorption of Methylene Blue from aqueous solution by chitosan-g-poly （acrylic acid）/vermiculite hydrogel composites

A series of chitosan-g-poly (acrylic acid)/vermiculite hydrogel composites were synthesized and used as adsorbents for the investigation of the e ect of process parameters such as vermiculite content, pH of dye solution, contact time, initial concentration of dye solution, temperature, ionic strength and concentration of surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate on the removal of Methylene Blue (MB) from aqueous solution. The results showed that the adsorption capacity for dye increased with increasing pH, contact time and initial dye concentration, but decreased with increasing temperature, ionic strength and sodium dodecyl sulfate concentration in the present of the surfactant. The adsorption kinetics of MB onto the hydrogel composite followed pseudo second-order kinetics and the adsorption equilibrium data obeyed Langmuir isotherm. By introducing 10 wt.% vermiculite into chitosan-g-poly (acrylic acid) polymeric network, the obtaining hydrogel composite showed the highest adsorption capacity for MB, and then could be regarded as a potential adsorbent for cationic dye removal in a wastewater treatment process.     

Sensitivity of green and blue-green algae to methyl tert-butyl ether

The toxicity of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) to Chlorella ellipsoidea and Aphanizomenon flos-aquae was tested and assessed for a 15-d incubation with concentrations of MTBE from high (2.00×104 mg/L) to low (2 mg/L). The results showed that the toxicity was low when the concentration of MTBE was in the range 1.00×104-2.00×104 mg/L (the greatest inhibition of growth-rate was 70%-71%, occurred during the day 1-5). Low concentrations (2-500 mg/L) stimulated algal growth up to the greatest effect of 85%-200% w...     

木质素基吸附材料的制备及其吸附性能研究

以木质素磺酸盐为原料,利用反相悬浮聚合技术,成功制备木质素基吸附材料,并研究了交联剂用量、分散剂用量、聚合温度、聚合时间及体系酸度等对悬浮聚合反应及其阳离子染料亚甲基蓝吸附性能的影响。实验结果表明,所制备的吸附材料对亚甲基蓝有较快的吸附速度和较高的吸附量,当木质素吸附材料对亚甲基蓝的吸附量达到17.71mg/g后,吸附趋向饱和,温度保持在30℃左右有较高的吸附量。     

化学发光法检测空气中NO_2研究

以0.2%的三乙醇胺水溶液作为二氧化氮吸收液,将空气中二氧化氮转化为亚硝酸盐,进而测出空气中二氧化氮的浓度。通过实验发现,进样方式、载流速度、硫酸浓度、溴酸钾浓度和酸性铬蓝K的浓度对该体系的发光强度都有影响,确定了体系的最优条件,建立了标准曲线,亚硝酸根的浓度在6.0×10-9～1.0×10-5mol/L范围内分段有很好的线性关系,检出限为8.5×10-11mol/L。对1.0×10-8mol/L和1.0×10-6mol/L的亚硝酸根进行11次平行测定,相对标准偏差分别为1.8%和2.2%。用该方法对氧化剂实验室空气中的二氧化氮含量进行了检测并进行标准加入和回收实验,回收率在95%～104%之间,该法可用于大气环境中的NO2测定。