Monitoring of non-point source pollutants load from a mixed forest land use

The aim of this study was to determine the unit load of NPS (non-point source) pollutants including organic variables such as BOD (biochemical oxygen demand),COD (chemical oxygen demand) and DOC (dissolved organic carbon),nitrogen and phosphorus constituents,and suspended solids (SS) and their event mean concentration (EMC) of runoff flows from a water-shed of mixed forest land use by intensive field experiments.Field monitoring for continuous measurements of rainfall,flow,and water quality was conducted over 12 storm events during 2008–2009 using automated and manual sampling methods.The EMCs of individual runoff event were estimated for each water quality constituent based on the flow rate and concentration data of runoff discharge.The average EMCs of BOD,COD,DOC,SS,TN (total nitrogen),NH 4+ -N,NO 3- -N,TP (total phosphorus),PO 43- -P from the mixed forest land were 1.794,3.498,1.462,10.269,0.862,0.044,0.634,0.034,and 0.005 mg/L,respectively.The annual unit loads of BOD,COD,DOC,SS,TN,NH 4+ -N,NO 3- -N,TP and PO 43--P were estimated as 66.9,133.2,55.5,429.8,36.5,1.6,26.9,1.3 and 0.1 kg/(ha·yr),respectively.In addition,affecting parameters on the EMCs were investigated by statistic analysis of the field data.As a result,significant correlations with precipitation,rainfall intensity,and total runoff flows were found in most constituents.     

国际旅游岛不该只有“观光酒店”

自2011年6月12日以来,海南一些地产商破坏海防林、青皮林、红树林的消息,被大量的媒体持续报道。这些报道引发了社会的热议,大家都开始想,海南要建国际旅游岛,难道会疯狂到连基本的生态防线都不需要了吗?国际旅游岛,难道只要修建大量停机坪、游艇会、高尔夫球场、观光酒店、赌场,就够了吗?     

近自然生态恢复条件下杉木老龄林群落优势树种种群结构与空间格局

为探明杉木人工林生态系统在长时间近自然生态恢复条件下的优势种种群特征,应用相邻格子法对福建南平西芹教学林场75年生杉木老龄林群落优势树种种群结构与空间格局进行分析.结果表明:木荷、丝栗栲、刨花楠种群结构呈现反“J”型,属于增长型种群,杉木、细齿柃木种群呈现正“J”型,属于衰退型种群.在种群水平上,杉木呈现均匀分布,木荷、细齿柃木群落呈现聚集分布,刨花楠、丝栗栲呈现随机分布,且聚集程度,细齿柃木>木荷>刨花楠>丝栗栲>杉木.木荷种群大树阶段呈现随机分布,幼苗、幼树、中树均表现聚集分布;刨花楠、丝栗栲种群不同发育阶段均呈现聚集分布;细齿柃木幼苗阶段呈现聚集分布,幼树阶段呈现随机分布,中树阶段呈现均匀分布;且杉木和细齿柃木不同发育阶段的扩散系数随龄级的递增而变大.杉木老龄林正处于向地带性常绿阔叶林演替过程中的一个过渡阶段.综上表明:近自然生态恢复有效丰富了杉木老龄林群落的植被种类,在退化了的杉木人工林生态系统恢复和重建工作中,杉木的混交树种选择应优先考虑竞争力强的乡土树种,如木荷、刨花楠、丝栗栲等.     

森林放牧对林下灌草层片的影响

野生东北虎(Panthera tigris altaica)和东北豹(Panthera pardus orientalis)是中国东北和俄罗斯远东地区森林生态系统食物链的顶级物种,是森林生态系统健康、生态系统良好结构的指示物种.林下灌草层片是东北虎、东北豹所食猎物的主要生境和食物来源.因此调查中国吉林珲春地区次生林、林...