Performance and microbial diversity of an expanded granular sludge bed reactor for high sulfate and nitrate waste brine treatment

The disposal of waste brines has become a major challenge that hinders the wide application of ion- exchange resins in the water industry in recent decades. In this study, high sulfate removal efficiency （80%-90%） was achieved at the influent sulfate concentration of 3600 mg/L and 3% NaC1 after 145 days in an expanded granular sludge bed （EGSB） reactor. Furthermore, the feasibility of treating synthetic waste brine containing high levels of sulfate and nitrate was investigated in a single EGSB reactor during an operation period of 261 days. The highest nitrate and sulfate loading rate reached 6.38 and 5.78 kg/（m3-day） at SO42--S/NO3-N mass ratio of 4/3, and the corresponding removal efficiency was 99.97% and 82.26% at 3% NaC1, respectively. Meanwhile, 454-pyrosequencing technology was used to analyze the bacterial diversity of the sludge on the 240th day for stable operation of phase X. Results showed that a total of 9194 sequences were obtained, which could be affiliated to 14 phyla, including Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Chlorobi, Bacteroidetes, Synergistetes and so on. Proteobacteria （77.66%） was the dominant microbial population, followed by Firmicutes （12.23%） and Chlorobi （2.71%）.     

Simultaneous removal of dissolved organic matter and bromide from drinking water source by anion exchange resins for controlling disinfection by-products

Anion exchange resins （AERs） with different properties were evaluated for their ability to remove dissolved organic matter （DOM） and bromide, and to reduce disinfection by-product （DBP） formation potentials of water collected from a eutrophic surface water source in Japan. DOM and bromide were simultaneously removed by all selected AERs in batch adsorption experiments. A polyacrylic magnetic ion exchange resin （MIEX） showed faster dissolved organic carbon （DOC） removal than other AERs because it had the smallest resin bead size. Aromatic DOM fractions with molecular weight larger than 1600 Da and fluorescent organic fractions of fulvic acid- and humic acid-like compounds were efficiently removed by all AERs. Polystyrene AERs were more effective in bromide removal than polyacrylic AERs. This result implied that the properties of AERs, i.e. material and resin size, influenced not only DOM removal but also bromide removal efficiency, MIEX showed significant chlorinated DBP removal because it had the highest DOC removal within 30 rain, whereas polystyrene AERs efficiently removed brominated DBPs, especially brominated trihalomethane species. The results suggested that, depending on source water DOM and bromide concentration, selecting a suitable AER is a key factor in effective control of chlorinated and brominated DBPs in drinking water.     

中山市农业区域土壤-农产品中邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)污染特征

在广东省中山市农业区域范围内共采集了65个表层土样和37个农产品样品,采用GC-FID检测方法分析了土壤和农产品样品中被美国环境保护署(EPA)优先控制的6种邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)化合物含量,并对其污染水平、污染程度进行了评价.结果表明,中山市农业土壤样品中6种PAEs化合物总浓度(ΣPAEs)范围为0.14~1.14 mg·kg-1,平均含量为0.43mg·kg-1,检出率为100%.不同土地利用类型中土壤的ΣPAEs含量大小顺序依次为菜地果园地稻田.与美国土壤6种优控的PAEs控制标准相比,邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯(DBP)和邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMP)含量超过控制标准,超标率分别为93.85%和27.69%,其余4种优控PAEs化合物的含量均低于美国标准.总体上,中山市农业土壤中ΣPAEs含量处于较低水平.中山市农产品中ΣPAEs含量范围为0.15~3.15 mg·kg-1,平均含量1.12 mg·kg-1,蔬菜中ΣPAEs的含量高于水稻和水果.农产品中PAEs含量低于美国和欧洲食品建议指标,健康风险很小.DBP和DEHP在土壤、农产品中占ΣPAEs的百分比和检出率均较高,是中山市PAEs污染物的主要组成部分.不同种类农产品-土壤中的ΣPAEs、DBP存在显著正相关,其中蔬菜-菜田土壤的Pearson相关系数(r)分别为0.81(P=0.000)、0.75(P=0.000),水稻-稻田土壤中二者的r分别为0.74(P=0.036)、0.65(P=0.041),水果-果园土壤中相关系数分别为0.66(P=0.029)、0.78(P=0.045).不同农产品对土壤中6种PAEs化合物的累积能力存在明显差异,但对ΣPAEs总量的富集系数均大于1.因此,在农业区域土壤质量评价过程中,应重视农产品自身特性对PAEs吸收和累积的影响.     

间苯二酚生产废水采用树脂吸附技术的研究

研究了以树脂吸附,高级氧化技术对间苯二酚废水的处理效果。结果表明,NDA88树脂对废水的吸附处理效果最好,吸附出水选用Fenton试剂的氧化效果要好于次氯酸钠,     

碱性树脂吸附碳酸氢盐水溶液中甲酸的研究

采用静态法测定了5种树脂对碳酸氢钾溶液中甲酸的交换吸附量，其中，D293强碱性阴离子交换树脂具有最高的交换吸附量，考察了温度对D293树脂交换吸附量的影响。在30℃条件下，利用静态法测定了甲酸在D293树脂上的吸附等温线，在低的甲酸浓度范围内，Langmuir方程比Freundlich方程能更好地描述树脂对甲酸的吸附；同时，测定了甲酸在D293树脂上的穿透曲线。     

"这个作业我不能做"

2009年4月23日,扬子研究院树脂所因科研试验需要到塑料厂聚乙烯车间取丁烯原料,由于树脂所最近使用了刚加工的两个380升的丁烯储罐,大约可以容纳丁烯500公斤,人工方式是无法搬运的,只能使用机械设备.但是所里没有这样的设备,这时他们想到有机所有一台叉车,不是可以用来协助搬运吗?     

泉州市丰泽区多部门联合出击推进打非治违专项行动

近日，由丰泽区安监局牵头、环保局、工商局、消防大队、劳动和社会保障局、市质监局直属分局等部门联合执法，对本辖区北峰街道办事处黄维新树脂加工厂、北水树脂加工厂、群石电镀厂等无证经营企业进行查处取缔。此次联合执法共查封树脂加工、电镀、豆制品非法加工企业5家，暂扣电镀鞋模30副，取缔土制特种设备2台，并现场对其中1家存在“三合一”现象的企业进行处罚，并责令企业立即搬迁。     

两种有机污染物的吸附研究

本文研究了水中苯酚－间甲酚与苯酚－对氯酚在ＮＫＡ树脂上的竞争吸附,结果表明,ＩＡＳ及ＬＣＡ模型都能较好地反映这两个吸附系统的竞争吸附规律。     

我国应用树脂吸附法处理有机废水的进展

介绍了我国近十年来应用树脂吸附法处理有机废水的研究成果和应用实例，处理结果表明，吸附树脂具有吸附效果好，脱附再生容易，性能稳定，适用范围宽，实用性好等特点，该法可用于处理含酚，苯胺，有机酸，硝基物，农药，染料中间体等废水，是一种处理有机废水的有效方法。