森林火灾与人类

林火和森林火灾 森林是大自然的重要组成部分,可以形象地说成是地球的皮肤。哪里有森林,哪里就有生命。在诸多影响森林的自然因子中,火灾对森林的影响和破坏最为严重。研究表明,很多森林生态是依赖火的,火对森林的影响历史远比人对森林影响历史漫长得多。从能量的观点分析,森林生长是太阳能转换的能量积累方式之一,能量积累到一定程度就会释放出来。     

改善城市环境的空中森林

全球气候变暖让世界越来越热,城市更是遭殃,形成了一个又一个的热岛。为了逐步解除城市中的热岛效应,美国研究人员提出了在城市中建设空中森林的设想。简单地说,就是在城市的大楼里种树。这些空中森林占地少、效率高,有很好的发展前景。     

Profile of Methane Concentrations in Soil and Atmosphere in Alpine Steppe Ecosystem on Tibetan Plateau

The methane concentration profile from -1.5m depth in soil to 32m height in air was measured in alpine steppe located in the permafrost area. Methane concentrations showed widely variations both in air and in soil during the study period. The mean concentrations in atmosphere were all higher than those in soil, and the highest methane concentration was found in air at the height of 16m with the lowest concentration occurring at the depth of 1.5m in soil. The variations of atmospheric methane concentrations did not show any clear pattern both temporally and spatially, although they exhibited a more steadystable state than those in soil. During the seasonal variations, the methane concentrations at different depths in soil were significantly correlated （R^2〉0.6） with each other comparing to the weak correlations （R^2〈0.2） between the atmospheric concentra- tions at different heights. Mean methane concentrations in soil significantly decreased with depth. This was the compositive influence of the decreasing production rates and the increasing methane oxidation rates, which was caused by the descent soil moisture with depth. Although the methane concentrations at all depths varied widely during the growing season, they showed very distinct temporal variations in the non-growing season. It was indicated from the literatures that methane oxidation rates were positively correlated with soil temperature. The higher methane concentrations in soil during the winter were determined by the lower methane oxidation rates with decreasing soil temperatures, whereas methane production rates had no reaction to the lower temperature. Relations between methane contribution and other environmental factors were not discussed in this paper for lacking of data, which impulse us to carry out further and more detailed studies in this unique area.     

Research on the Industrial Symbiosis Supporting System of Eco-industrial Park

The establishment and development of the industrial symbiosis of eco-industrial park are affected by several factors. Based on the formed industrial symbiosis supporting system chart, this article analyzes the microcosmic supporting system and macroscopic supporting system. In the microcosmic supporting system, it elaborates five aspects including key enterprises, service intermediaries in the park, symbiotic enterprises, competitors and the public in detail. Then it describes the macroscopic supporting system from four aspects of governmental participation, technological innovation, educational promotion and cultural support. Finally, combining with the current construction status of the ecoindustrial park in China, it proposes the countermeasures and suggestions to build the supporting system for the eco-industrial park and provides theoretical support for the faster and better construction of the eco-industrial park in China.     

湖泊生态安全评估项目简介

由于湖泊流域社会经济快速发展,而污染治理设施滞后,氮,磷等污染负荷削减不力,致使我国众多湖泊水库长期接纳过量营养盐,湖泊水库富营养化程度普遍较高,湖泊水库水体处于“水华”频发的高生态风险状态之下,我国大中型湖泊水库的富营养化不仅导致水生生态系统及其服务多功能的退化,其引起的频率水华暴发现状已直接影响到湖泊水库周边及下游城镇,     

从生态文明的基本理念看中国传统文化的现代价值

生态文明是一种正在生成和发展的文明范式。它是继工业文明之后,人类文明发展的又一个高级阶段。生态文明的基本理念是人与自然的和谐发展。生态文明的经济模式是生态经济,这种经济把人类的经济系统视为生态系统的一部分,而不是强行把生态系统纳入人类的经济系统。生态文明强调人类整体利益的优先性,倡导全球治理和世界公民理念。突显自然的整体性及其内在价值的有机自然观是生态文明的重要价值理念。生态文明的价值观既关注人的权利（特别是普遍人权）,更强调关怀与责任,倡导和谐与理性消费。     

要闻扫描

海洋冰层融化威胁海洋生物生存 科学家近期发现：全球变暖导致北冰洋海洋冰层融化,稀释海洋表层海水浓度,从而致一些贝壳类水生动物于危险的境地,这些贝壳类水生动物需要海水中的矿物质来形成他们的壳以及身体骨骼。这一研究发现发表在《科学》杂志上,研究者郑重警告这有可能对北冰洋生态系统带来严重的影响。     

国内导读

我国将建立自己的森林认证体系 攻破国际“绿色壁垒”;全球第一款3G节能电热水器应运而生;北京千万只环保袋免费发放;中国野生动物保护协会“斯巴鲁生态保护奖”开评;北京水环境质量定期公示 河流湖泊水质上网可查;重庆启用世界最大水空调 集中供热供冷节能又环保;     

论我国生态补偿制度的完善——以生态系统服务功能为视角

生态补偿制度是以保护和可持续利用生态系统服务为目的,调节相关利益者关系的制度安排。生态系统服务功能指自然生态系统及其物种所提供的能够满足和维持人类生活需要的条件和过程。生态系统服务功能与生态补偿制度关系密切,生态补偿制度的最终目标是恢复、维护和改善生态系统服务功能。我国生态补偿制度处于起步阶段,需要学习并借鉴国际上其他国家的先进经验,从而完善我国的生态补偿制度。     

新疆赛里木湖

赛里木湖位于新疆维吾尔自治区西部天山西段的高山盆地中。赛里木湖湖面海拔2073m,东西长约30km,南北宽约25km,周长90km,水域面积458km^2,呈椭圆形,水质透明度达10m-12m;最大水深92m,蓄水总量210亿m^3,是一l个融高山、冰川、森林、草原、碧湖和珍禽为一体的高山冷水湖。湖水除周围一些小河注入外,