土壤对煤矸石浸出液中重金属离子的吸附试验研究

煤矸石在露天堆放或用于复土造田时,因矸石经过自然风化和雨水淋溶的作用,会有部分有害元素溶出,从而随淋溶液进入水体或经过土壤渗入地下,污染水体和土壤。对永城矿区的矸石采用放射性Zn—65模拟实验研究土壤对Zn—65的吸附结果表明,3cm以上的土壤吸效率为93.14％,12cm以上的土壤吸附率为100％。说明永城矿区煤矸石用于复土造田时,其淋溶水不会构成对浅层地下大的污染。     

取代苯胺和苯酚类化合物对大型■(Daphnia magna Straus)的定量结构-活性关系研究

研究了３６个取代苯胺和苯酚类化合物对大型的急性毒性，应用正辛醇／水分配系数、线性溶解能关系参数和分子连接性指数得出了该类化合物的定量构效关系方程，这些方程可以用来进行该类化合物危害性初评．ＬＳＥＲ法得到的ＱＳＡＲ方程拟合效果较好，增大分子体积及偶极性极化性，均可增大毒性．化合物与蛋白质等生物大分子的氢键键合作用是导致该类化合物毒性高于其基本毒性的原因．     

线网规划环评噪声评价初探

轨道交通线网规划环评噪声评价目前尚无成熟的技术方法、程序内容、评价指标及体系可以借鉴.通过在武汉、佛山等城市线网规划环评中积累的实践经验,进行线网规划噪声评价的评价内容、方法、标准和指标体系、侧重结果等方面的探讨.     

一个耐受镉毒害的拟南芥突变体的筛选

从甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)诱变获得的拟南芥M2代群体(Columbia型)中筛选获得一个耐受镉Cd2 毒害能力显著增强的拟南芥突变体(命名为cdr1-1).遗传分析表明,该突变性状为隐性单基因突变,与野生型相比,cdr1-1突变体在不同发育时期均能耐受Cd2 毒害,且其对Cd2 的积累能力也显著高于野生型.此外,还发现cdr1-1突变体体内的还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)水平显著高于野生型,用GSH合成抑制剂丁硫氨酸亚矾胺处理cdr1-1突变体,导致其耐受Cd2 毒害能力显著下降,几乎接近野生型水平,表明cdr1-1突变体对Cd2 的耐受性至少部分依赖于GSH介导的途径.     

抚顺市有机食品生产基地土壤现状调查

对有机食品生产基地的自然环境、土壤类型、植被覆盖率和水系的分布做了调查，对基地的土壤进行了布点监测和分析。     

多样的生命，多样化的星球……——纪念生物多样性日

生物学是一种研究有生命物质的学科，从研究最微小的生命组成部分，到植物和动物。而“多样性”简单来说就是“各种各样”     

The effects of land use and its patterns on soil properties in a small catchment of the Loess Plateau

Due to relatively strong human activities in the hilly area of Loess Plateau,the natural vegetation has been destroyed,and landscape pattern based on agricultural land matrix was land use mosaic composing of shrub land,grassland,woolland and orchard.This pattern has an important effect on soil moisture and soil nutrients.The Danangou catchment,a typical small catchment,was selected to study the effects of land use and its patterns on soil moisture and nutrients in this paper.The results are as follows:The comparisons of soil moisture among seven land uses for wet year and dry year were performed:(1)the average of soil moisture content for whole catchment was 12.11% in wet year,while it was 9.37% in dry year;(2)soil moisture among seven land uses was significantly different in dry year,but not in wet year;(3) form wet year to dry year,the profile type of soil moisture changed from decreasing type to fluctuation-type and from fluctuant type to increasing type;(4)the increasing trend in soil moisture from the top to foot of hillslope occurred in simple land use along slope,while complicated distribution of soil moisture was observed in multiple land uses along slope.The relationships between soil nutrients and land uses and landscape positions were analysed:(1)five nutrient contents of soil organic matter(SOM),total N(TN),available N(AN),total P(TP) and available P(AP) in hilly area were lower than that in other areas.SOM content was less than 1%,TN content less than 0.07%,and TP fallow land and cropland,and higher level in soil fertility was found in crop-fruit intercropping land among croplands;(3)soil nutrient distribution and responses to landscape positions were variable depending on slope and the location of land use types.     

医疗废物焚烧残余物固化技术初探

根据对医疗废物焚烧残余物中有毒有害物质的化验分析结果,确定焚烧残余物中有毒有害成分含量仍较高,部分指标超出标准值,必须对其进行稳定化/固化处理,避免对土壤及地下水环境造成污染.本文阐述了稳定化/固化处理原理及处理工艺,使医疗废物无害化、减量化和资源化的处理原则得以全面实现.