Biogenic VOCs emission inventory development of temperate grassland vegetation in Xilin River basin, Inner Mongolia, China

Given the key role of biogenic volatile organic compounds(VOCs) to tropospheric chemistry and regional air quality, it is important to generate accurateVOCs emission inventories. However, only a less fraction of plant species, in temperate grassland of Inner Mongolia, has been characterized by quantitative measurements. A taxonomic methodology, which assigns VOCs measurements to unmeasured species, is an applicable and inexpensive alternation for extensive VOCs emission survey, although data are needed for additional plant families and genera to further validate the taxonomic approach in grassland vegetation. In this experiment, VOCs emission rates of 178 plant species were measured with a portable photoionization detector( PID). The results showed the most of genera and some families have consistent feature of their VOCs emission, especially for isoprene, and provide the basic premise of taxonomic methodology to develop VOCs emission inventories for temperate grassland. Then, the taxonomic methodology was introduced into assigning emission rate to other 96 species, which no measured emission rates available here. A systematical emission inventory of temperate grassland vegetation in Inner Mongolia was provided and further evidence that taxonomy relationship can serve as a useful guide for generalizing the emissions behavior of many, but not all, plant families and genera to grassland vegetation.     

人类与环境资源

本文简要阐述了人类与环境、资源之间的关系以及破坏环境、资源的严重危害和保护环境、资源的重要意义.     

基于模糊相似关系的土地资源空间分布系统递阶结构模型

建立了土地资源多层次分类体系及分类子体系，用模糊相似矩阵描述了系统各单元的相关关系，通过λ截集矩阵的选择使之转化为表征系统是否相关的０－１矩阵，从而对系统结构模型予以改进，并应用该模型进行土地资源的递阶分类，实现了区域土地资源在地域空间合理分布。     

Vegetation patterns and nature reserve construction in an extremely-arid desert in Anxi,NW China's Gansu Province

Anxi County is located in the northwestern part of the Hexi Corridor in gansu Province and has the sole national level nature reserve of extremely-arid desert in China.Phytosociological methods (Braun-Blanquet,1964) are used to classify plant community types in this area.Eleven are disting uished,including six of deserts,four of oases and one transitional type between deserts and oases.Direct gradient analysis (DCA) is employed to correlate the distribution of plant communities to physiogeographic conditions.This study makes clear that water is the most important ecological factor for the distribution of plant species and communities in this area.The effects of water have been demonstrated in different ways.A vegetation gradient from lower altitude to higher altitude in the southern part of the reserve is driven by a precipitation gradient.The effects of the depth of ground water table contribute to the differentiation of vegetation from desert to oasis in the flat area.In a finer scale,the washed gullies have obviously higher species richness and also higher vegetation cover than the surround gobi surfaces,possibly caused by the effects of floods.The vegetation patterns demonstrate that the area of Anxi County is a complete landscape unit.The range of the current nature reserve is not large enough for the purpose of conserving the unique biodiversity in this area.     

山区农业自然资源结构与农业宏观设计——以湖北省部分山区为例

农业宏观设计,目的在于正确拟定一个地区农业发展的战略规划。它需要解决的问题主要有三:1)合理布局农业生产力;2)合理设计农业结构,改善农业生态系统的功能;3)确定商品生产发展的项目、地域和规模。这些问题的解决必须以农业自然环境与资源的结构研究为基础。     

黑龙江省代省长张左己在全省人口资源环境工作座谈会上的讲话

1 要坚持“两手抓”不动摇,推动经济社会协调发展 从各部门汇报的情况看,近些年来,我省人口资源环境工作取得了明显成效。2002年末,全省总人口3813万人,比计划少34万人。政府对国土资源的调控能力明显增强,国土资源市场秩序进一步理顺,资源集约利用水平逐步提高。生态省建设取得阶段性成果,生态系统退化的趋势     

论我国可持续发展的本土资源优势以及环境资源法制建设的加强与完善

可持续发展自八十年代从环境学、生态学的角度提出以来,就秉持着这样的发展理念,即将发展理解为人与自然,人与社会之间的整体、协调、持续、平等的发展过程,反对单纯的经济中心、人类中心和物质享乐主义,要求构建一种尊重他人,关照后人,善待自然的崭新的发展     

庭院生态系统的基本特征

论述了庭院生态系统的基本特征，谈到土地资源高效利用、饲料资源的进一步开发，时间和劳动力资源的进一步开发的问题。同时谈到庭院生态系统，在实践中有着更加广泛的意义。