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921.
不同生物载体模拟河道反应器的微污染水源水修复研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
分别以弹性填料和AquaMats生态基为载体,比较了2组模拟河道生物反应器启动过程及其修复微污染水源水性能.结果表明,在间歇曝气与逐步增强曝气强度的挂膜启动方式下,悬挂弹性填料的模拟河道反应器运行50d即启动完成,其高锰酸盐指数、氨氮去除率分别高达78.2%、93.5%;AquaMats生态基反应器的高锰酸盐指数、氨氮去除率则在2周后分别达到70%、80%以上.不同曝气方式的影响研究发现,曝气/停曝时间比3h:3h、曝气量250L·h-1工况下,弹性填料生物膜反应器的高锰酸盐指数、氨氮、TN、TP的去除率均优于AquaMats反应器;随着曝气强度减至120L·h-1及曝气/停曝时间比缩短,AquaMats反应器的污染物去除性能逐步提高,表明其在确保一定的污染物去除率的前提下具有低气水比潜力与节能降耗的应用优势.镜检分析发现,弹性填料表面以颗粒物质截留、丝状菌包裹为主,而AquaMats生态基上附着的生物膜微生物群落相对较丰富.研究认为,呈辐射状结构的弹性填料对颗粒态污染物具有较强的截留能力,可实现微污染源水修复系统快速挂膜与稳定运行;而AquaMats生态基内部微孔结构有利于不同功能的微生物富集,可在低气水比条件下强化多种低浓度污染物的协同去除. 相似文献
922.
923.
利用经过完善的贫铀迁移模型,研究腐殖酸(HA)及酸雨对贫铀在土壤中迁移的影响.结果表明,对照组(北京地区土壤)DU迁移到达9~11cm,分别添加2%、5%、10%HA的实验组DU迁移依次降低,分别为21~23cm、15~17cm、11~13cm,说明腐殖酸促进了DU迁移; pH值为4.0和3.0的模拟酸雨,分别使贫铀迁移至29~31cm及35cm以上,说明酸雨促进了贫铀迁移;在酸雨和腐殖酸综合作用下贫铀迁移仅到5~7cm,说明腐殖酸和酸雨综合作用抑制了贫铀迁移. 相似文献
924.
925.
926.
CFD技术在水处理紫外消毒中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍了紫外消毒在水处理中应用的现状,阐述了计算流体力学(CFD)的基本原理及其应用背景;论述了CFD技术在紫外消毒模型建立方面的关键因素:水力、辐射和剂量模拟;从消毒效率预测和设备结构优化两个方面对CFD技术在水处理紫外消毒中的应用进行了分析,并对其前景进行了展望,提出了今后的研究重点。 相似文献
927.
The nitrogen (N) biological cycle of the Suaeda salsa marsh ecosystem in the Yellow River estuary was studied during 2008 to 2009.
Results showed that soil N had significant seasonal fluctuations and vertical distribution. The N/P ratio (15.73±1.77) of S. salsa was
less than 16, indicating that plant growth was limited by both N and P. The N absorption coefficient of S. salsa was very low (0.007),
while the N utilization and cycle coefficients were high (0.824 and 0.331, respectively). The N turnover among compartments of S.
salsa marsh showed that N uptake from aboveground parts and roots were 2.539 and 0.622 g/m2, respectively. The N translocation
from aboveground parts to roots and from roots to soil were 2.042 and 0.076 g/m2, respectively. The N translocation from aboveground
living bodies to litter was 0.497 g/m2, the annual N return from litter to soil was far less than 0.368 g/m2, and the net N mineralization
in topsoil during the growing season was 0.033 g/m2. N was an important limiting factor in S. salsa marsh, and the ecosystem was
classified as unstable and vulnerable. S. salsa was seemingly well adapted to the low-nutrient status and vulnerable habitat, and the
nutrient enrichment due to N import from the Yellow River estuary would be a potential threat to the S. salsa marsh. Excessive nutrient
loading might favor invasive species and induce severe long-term degradation of the ecosystem if human intervention measures were
not taken. The N quantitative relationships determined in our study might provide a scientific basis for the establishment of effective
measures. 相似文献
928.
Comparative study of heavy metal and pathogenic bacterial contamination in
sludge and manure in biogas and non-biogas swine farms 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Phitsanu Tulayakul Alongkot Boonsoongnern Suwicha Kasemsuwan Srisamai Wiriyaramp Juree Pankumnoe Suwanna Tippayaluck Hathairad Hananantachai RatchaneekornMingkhwan Ramnaree Netvichian Sutha Khaodhiar 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2011,23(6):991-997
The objective of this study is to determine and compare the heavy metal (Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb) and bacterial (E. coli, coliform and
Salmonella spp.) contamination between swine farms utilizing biogas and non-biogas systems in the central part of Thailand. Results
showed that average levels of E. coli, coliform, BOD, COD, Zn, Cu and Pb in sludge from the post-biogas pond were higher than the
standard limits. Moreover, the levels of E. coli, coliform, Cd and Pb were also higher than the standard limits for dry manure. The levels
of E. coli, coliform and BOD on biogas farms were lower than on non-biogas farms. Following isolation of Salmonella spp:; it was
found that Salmonella serovars Rissen was the most abundant at 18.46% (12/65), followed by Anatum 12.31% (8/65), and Kedougou
9.23% (6/65). The pathogenic strains of Salmonella serovars Paratyphi B var. java and Typhimurium were present in equal amounts at
4.62% (3/65) in samples from all swine farms. This study revealed that significant reduction in E. coli and coliform levels in sludge
from covered lagoon biogas systems on swine farms. The presence of Salmonella as well as Cd and Pb, in significant amount in dry
manure, suggests that there is a high probability of environmental contamination if it is used for agricultural purposes. Thus, careful
waste and manure disposal from swine farms and the regular monitoring of wastewater is strongly recommended to ensure the safety
of humans, other animals and the environment. 相似文献
929.
全球重要农业文化遗产
联合国粮农组织(FAO)于2002年发起一项全球性计划,即全球重要农业文化遗产(GIAHS)。并将其定义为:“农村与其所处环境长期协同进化和动态适应下所形成的独特的土地利用系统和农业景观,这些系统与景观具有丰富的生物多样性,而且可以满足当地社会经济与文化发展的需要,有利于促进区域可持续发展。” 相似文献
930.
再生水助力城市节水:以城市景观用水为例 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
中国北方城市一般都存在缺水的问题。同时,城市规划中景观的作用是至关重要的。但由于缺水,景观用水与生产、生活用水的矛盾越来越突出。近年来,再生水的作用越来越广阔,而对于城市景观用水来说,再生水是经常使用的一种水源。特别是 相似文献