GC-MS测定饮用水中卤乙酸含量的分析方法

有关卤代脂肪酸(HAAs)的研究是国际给水界的热点问题之一.我国2005年颁布的《城市供水水质标准》CJ/206-2005已把HAAs作为非常规检测项目.本文采用改进的液液微萃取衍生化气相色谱质谱联用对饮用水中卤乙酸含量进行测定.     

4-硝基苯胺与人血清白蛋白相互作用的研究

通过荧光和紫外光谱法研究了4-硝基苯胺与人血清白蛋白（HSA）的作用.结果表明,4-硝基苯胺对HSA的内源荧光具有强烈的猝灭作用.猝灭机理为静态猝灭,同时伴随有非辐射能量转移的发生.根据双对数方程计算其结合常数和结合位点数.确定4-硝基苯胺与HSA有一类结合部位.根据热力学参数得出4-硝基苯胺与HSA之间的主要作用力为氢键和疏水作用力.同步荧光的结果表明,作用点位靠近色氨酸,并且使色氨酸的疏水环境增强.     

大气中痕量挥发性有机物的结构表征和保留时间的估计与预测

采用分子电性距离矢量（MEDV）表征大气中痕量挥发性有机物的分子结构,同时采用逐步回归结合统计检测对模型进行变量筛选,建立了大气中痕量挥发性有机物定量结构-色谱保留（QSRR）关系的8个变量和5个变量模型,两种QSRR模型的建模计算值复相关系数（R）分别为0.937和0.931;留一法（leave-one-out）交互校验复相关系数（RCV）分别为0.901和0.906,表明模型具有良好的估计能力与稳定性.     

气相色谱法测定水中痕量乙酸乙酯和乙酸乙烯酯

建立了二氯甲烷萃取、大口径毛细管柱分离、气相色谱-氢火焰离子化检测器测定水中痕量乙酸乙酯和乙酸乙烯酯的方法.水样质量浓度为0 mg/L～2.0 mg/L,方法线性良好,乙酸乙酯和乙酸乙烯酯的检出限均为0.02 mg/L,RSD≤7.2%,平均加标回收率＞93.0%.     

固相萃取-UPLC-MS/MS法测定环境水体中多种抗生素

采用固相萃取-超高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定环境水样中25种磺胺类和喹诺酮类抗生素,通过优化试验条件,使方法在2.00μg/L～200μg/L范围内线性良好,方法检出限为1.01ng/L～2.85ng/L,7次测定结果的RSD为2.3%～8.0%。将该方法用于自来水和地表水测定,结果均为未检出,高、低质量浓度水平的加标回收率为61.2%～102%。     

HPLC-三重四级杆质谱法测定医疗废水中抗生素残留

采用固相萃取/高效液相色谱-三重四级杆质谱法同时测定医疗废水中的20种超痕量抗生素残留,通过优化试验条件,使方法在100μg/L～100μg/L范围内线性良好,方法检出限为024ng/L～122ng/L。空白水样和实际水样3个质量浓度水平的加标回收率分别为80.2%～108%和75.8%～114%,6次测定结果的RSD分别为2.4%～8.4%和1.7%～8.1%。将该方法用于测定重庆市2家三甲医院医疗废水中的超痕量抗生素残留,结果有11种抗生素检出,其余均为未检出。     

基于GIS和RS的嵩山森林生态旅游环境变化分析

考虑景区内外管理政策的不同,以1980年和2006年的遥感影像为信息源,在GIS技术的支持下获取了嵩山森林生态旅游景区和景区缓冲区的生态环境变化信息,借助压力-状态-响应模型,建立了森林生态旅游的环境评价指标体系,对景区内外生态环境的动态变化进行了分析.结果表明:1)26年来景区和景区缓冲区的容量、农业化压力、交通压力和服务压力增大,多样性指数、破碎度指数均呈上升趋势;2)26年来景区缓冲区内的建筑用地、旅游服务用地、通往景区的道路用地的面积均呈上升趋势;3)26年来该景区内部分林地的覆盖率下降,裸岩面积增加,景区缓冲区内的林地面积增加,说明人们对环境的认识得到加强.     

Nitrogen cycling of atmosphere-plant-soil system in the typical Calamagrostis angustifolia wetland in the Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China

The nitrogen (N) distribution and cycling of atmosphere-plant-soil system in the typical meadow Calamagrostis angustifolia wetland (TMCW) and marsh meadow Calamagrostis angustifolia wetland (MMCW) in the Sanjiang plain were studied by a compartment model. The results showed that the N wet deposition amount was 0.757 gN/(m2·a), and total inorganic N (TIN) was the main body (0.640 gN/(m2·a)). The ammonia volatilization amounts of TMCW and MMCW soils in growing season were 0.635 and 0.687 gN/m2, and the denitrification gaseous lost amounts were 0.617 and 0.405 gN/m2, respectively. In plant subsystem, the N was mainly stored in root and litter. Soil organic N was the main N storage of the two plant-soil systems and the proportions of it were 93.98% and 92.16%, respectively. The calculation results of N turnovers among compartments of TMCW and MMCW showed that the uptake amounts of root were 23.02 and 28.18 gN/(m2·a) and the values of aboveground were 11.31 and 6.08 gN/(m2·a), the re-translocation amounts from aboveground to root were 5.96 and 2.70 gN/(m2·a), the translocation amounts from aboveground living body to litter were 5.35 and 3.38 gN/(m2·a), the translocation amounts from litter to soil were larger than 1.55 and 3.01 gN/(m2·a), the translocation amounts from root to soil were 14.90 and 13.17 gN/(m2·a), and the soil (0-15cm) N net mineralization amounts were 1.94 and 0.55 gN/(m2·a), respectively. The study of N balance indicated that the two plant-soil systems might be situated in the status of lacking N, and the status might induce the degradation of C. angustifolia wetland.     

危险废物鉴定中痕量多氯联苯的前处理优化分析

通过开展多种前处理技术对18种多氯联苯(PCBs)痕量分析的应用试验,对前处理影响因素和仪器条件进行优化,得出最佳参数,并将其应用于实际危废样品中痕量PCBs的测定.结果表明,以正己烷为萃取溶剂,萃取温度100℃,循环2次做加速溶剂萃取,用Si柱作为净化柱,洗脱溶剂体积为8 mL的净化条件下,18种PCBs在5.00μ...