本溪市大气降尘及其组分变化规律的研究

对本溪市１９９１～１９９５年５年间降尘监测结果进行分析，找出其变化规律和分布情况，提出了改善大气环境质量的建议．     

重庆市主城区大气中NO2浓度时空分布特征

利用2017年1月1日～2017年12月31日重庆市主城区17个国控空气质量监测站24 h自动连续采样的二氧化氮(NO_2)浓度小时数据,探讨九个主城区大气中NO_2浓度的时空分布特征、与气象参数之间的关系和气团运动的影响。结果表明,主城区大气NO_2浓度全年北碚区达标率较高(76.16%),渝中区达标率低(3.84%),日均浓度呈夏季前下降、夏季后上升的趋势;月均浓度表现为冬季月份浓度高,其次为春季、秋季和夏季月份;周六、周日、周一和周二的浓度均值较高,周三、周四和周五的较低;小时浓度基本呈5:00～11:00和16:00～20:00上升、其余时间段下降的变化趋势;大气NO_2浓度空间分布差异显著,西北地区(北碚)大气NO_2浓度偏低、渝中区及其附近区域浓度偏高。影响大气中的NO_2浓度的主要气象因素有:气温、降水量、气压、日照和相对湿度;四季气流输送中,春冬季气流轨迹相似,主要源自西部、西北部气流,春季气流轨迹的ρ(NO_2)最高,夏季最低。研究结果可为今后重庆市大气的治理提供研究基础。     

黔南喀斯特区气候变化与生态环境建设

论述了黔南喀斯特区气候的一般特征，气候动态变化趋势，异常气候现象及气象灾害生态环境建设与气候条件改善，并指出：黔南由于受到地形地貌多样复杂，纬度较低和海拔较高等地理因素的影响，气候复杂多样，地区差异较大。自１９６１年以来，年平均气温趋于下降，年降水量趋于减少。     

法国控制温室效应国家计划

法国于２０００年１月１９日了“控制温室效应国家计划”，本文对这一计划的背景、基本框架，以及计划中的温室气体减排措施进行了介绍。     

近十年福建省主要气象灾害特点及防御对策

该文根据近十年《福建省气候影响评价》和１９９５年统计出版社出版的《１９４９－１９９４年中国灾情报告》的有关资料，分析了近十年福建省主要气象灾害具有种类多，范围广，频率高，群发性显著，灾害链明显，灾情不断加强等特点，并针对这些特点提出相应的减灾对策。     

《千年生态系统评估》

揭示生态系统变化对人类福祉的影响警醒决策者与公众做出积极反应。[编者按]     

Spatial variations in daily average CO2 concentrations above wetland surface of Xianghai National Nature Reserve, China

Horizontal and vertical variations of daily average CO2 concentration above the wetland surface were studied in Xianghai National Nature Reserve of China in August, 2000. The primary purpose was to study spatial distribution characteristics of CO2 concentration on the four levels of height(0.1 m, 0.6 m, 1.2 m and 2 m) and compare the differences of CO2 concentration under different land covers. Results showed that daily average CO2 concentration above wetland surface in Xianghai National Natural Reserve was lower than that above other wetlands in northeast China as well as the worldwide average, suggesting that Xianghai wetland absorbed CO2 in August and acted as“sink” of CO2. The horizontal variations on the four levels of height along the latitude were distinct, and had the changing tendency of“decreasing after increasing” with the increase of height. The areas with obvious variations were consistent on different levels of height,and those with the highest variations appeared above surface of shore, sloping field, Typha wetland and Phragmites wetland; the vertical variations were greatly different, with the higher variations in Phragmites wetland and Typha wetland, and the lands near the shore and the sloping field with the lower variations. Spatial variations of daily average CO2 concentrations above wet!and surface were affected by surface qualities and land covers.     

不同农业灌溉用水对土壤理化性质影响的研究

编者按 土壤管理和土壤利用方式影响着土壤的发育方向和土壤的性质(如土壤质地、土壤环境、土壤生态等).农业生产中对土地的不同管理措施或方式直接影响着农业土壤的发展方向和土壤环境变化.城市污水往往有较高的肥力,利用其灌溉农业,即能利用水源又能利用其中的肥源,有利于农业生产.