Biogenic VOCs emission inventory development of temperate grassland vegetation in Xilin River basin, Inner Mongolia, China

Given the key role of biogenic volatile organic compounds(VOCs) to tropospheric chemistry and regional air quality, it is important to generate accurateVOCs emission inventories. However, only a less fraction of plant species, in temperate grassland of Inner Mongolia, has been characterized by quantitative measurements. A taxonomic methodology, which assigns VOCs measurements to unmeasured species, is an applicable and inexpensive alternation for extensive VOCs emission survey, although data are needed for additional plant families and genera to further validate the taxonomic approach in grassland vegetation. In this experiment, VOCs emission rates of 178 plant species were measured with a portable photoionization detector( PID). The results showed the most of genera and some families have consistent feature of their VOCs emission, especially for isoprene, and provide the basic premise of taxonomic methodology to develop VOCs emission inventories for temperate grassland. Then, the taxonomic methodology was introduced into assigning emission rate to other 96 species, which no measured emission rates available here. A systematical emission inventory of temperate grassland vegetation in Inner Mongolia was provided and further evidence that taxonomy relationship can serve as a useful guide for generalizing the emissions behavior of many, but not all, plant families and genera to grassland vegetation.     

酸性高氟废水处理试验研究

对某化工厂高氟酸性废水经过试验后，采用二级石灰－氯化钙沉淀絮凝法处理，出水的氟浓度达到了国家规定的一级排放标准，且系统运行稳定，工艺简便，易于施工和运行管理。     

高氟饮用水中除氟研究

本文通过对吸附法和混凝沉淀除氟进行实验 ,证明以PAC(聚合铝)作混凝剂的混凝沉淀法除氟非常有效 ,当PAC用量为20mg/L时 ,饮用水中氟可由1 85mg/L降至0 78mg/L ,符合饮用水标准 ,并对除氟机理进行了探讨。     

水中多氯代芳香化合物（PCAs）在自然沉积物及活性污泥中的吸附特征

本对珠江三角洲水体中来源广、毒性大的多氧代芳香化台物(PCAs)在两种自然沉积物和活性污泥中的吸附特征进行了初步研究。研究结果表明，在球江广州诃段鸦岗底泥和顺德鱼塘底怩中，1，2，4一三氯苯、1，2，4，5一四氯苯、五氯苯主要呈现为Fruendlich非线性吸附，六氯苯、2，4，6一三氯酚、五氯酚、七氯和Aroclor1260则表现为线性吸附，而在活性污泥颗粒物上几种PCAs均表现为线性吸附。PCAs的吸附行为与Kow有一定关系，但主要与固体颗粒物中有机碳和粘土成分含量有关．有机碳和粘土成分的高低不仅影响PCAs在颗粒物上吸附容量的大小，其比值还决定了PCAs的吸附方式。     

硫代氨基甲酸盐提取工业废水中的锌离子

本文主要探索了金属离子络合剂———硫代氨基甲酸盐的合成制备 ,并通过其对锌离子的络合作用 ,以达到脱除金属离子的目的 .实验表明 ,由吗啡啉合成制得的硫代氨基甲酸盐 锌离子络合剂在酸性废水中 ,对锌离子具有良好的络合能力 .通过对废水中金属锌离子的脱除工艺条件的相应探索 ,发现在体系的pH =2～ 6范围内 ,硫代氨基甲酸盐对锌离子的脱除率均达99 %以上     

Catalytic dechlorinafion of o-chlorophenol by nanoscale Pd／Fe

Transformation of chlorophenols by nanoscale bimetallic particles represents one of the latest innovative technologies for environmental remediation. Nanoscale Pd/Fe bimetallic particles were synthesized in the laboratory for treatment of o-chlorophenol. Most of the nanoscale particles are in the size range of 20-100 nm. BET specific surface area of the nanoscale Pd/Fe particles is 12.4 m2/g. In comparison, a commercially available Fe powder( < 100 mesh) has a specific surface area of just 0.49 m2/g. Batch experiments demonstrated that the nanoscale Pd/Fe bimetallic particles can effectively dechlorinate o-chlorophenol. Dechlorination efficiency is affected by the mass fraction of Pd in the bimetal, nanoscale Pd/Fe mass concentration and mixing intensity.     

含硫和硫代硫酸根离子的非酸性污水中Cr^＋6测定方法的探索

利用碘消徐碱性和中性溶液中硫化物及硫代硫酸盐对Cr^ 6测定的干扰，经实验找出了含硫化物和硫代硫酸盐工业废水中Cr^ 6的测定方法。     

水中氯代苯酚的GC/MS分析

本文采用乙醚萃取地表水中氯代苯酚,利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC/MS)定性定量分析水中2,4-二氯苯酚、2,4,6-三氯苯酚.探讨了萃取剂和pH值对萃取效率的影响.     

水解酸化-好氧工艺处理感光材料有机废水研究

感光材料有机生产废水含有多种合成有机物，其BOD5／CODer比值为0．46～0．48，可生化性良好，经水解酸化处理后该废水的BOD5／CODcr的比值可提高至0．54～056，平均增加了17％左右。水解酸化－好氧串联工艺对该废水总的处理效果表明：在废水CODer进水浓度2000～2500mg／L范围内，CODer总去除率可达95％左右，BOD5总去除率可达97％左右；水解酸化后好氧生化系统的动力学半速度常数Ks＝103mg／L，最大比降解速度K＝5．0／日。     

有机物分子结构与光催化氧化反应活性的关系

从正辛醇－水分配系数与Ｈａｍｍｅｔｔ常数，光催化氧化过程中的光解作用，表面活性剂的微环境效应及取代基的诱导效应等方面，探讨了有机物分子结构与其光催化氧化反应性之间的关系。