Plasma induced degradation of Indigo Carmine by bipolar pulsed dielectric barrier discharge(DBD) in the water-air mixture

Degradation of the Indigo Carmine (IC) by the bipolar pulsed DBD in water-air mixture was studied. Effects of vadous parameters such as gas flow rate, solution conductivity, pulse repetitive rate and ect., on color removal efficiency of dying wastewater were investigated. Concentrations of gas phase O3 and aqueous phase H2O2 under various conditions were measured. Experimental results showed that air bubbling facil~tates the breakdown of water and promotes generation of chemically active species. Color removal efficiency of IC solution can be greatly improved by the air aeration under various solution conductivities. Decolorization efficiency increases with the increase of the gas flow rate, and decreases with the increase of the initial solution conductivity. A higher pulse repetitive rate and a larger pulse capacitor Cp are favorable for the decolorization process. Ozone and hydrogen peroxide formed decreases with the increase of initial solution conductivity. In addition, preliminary analysis of the decolorization mechanisms is given.     

湖泊底泥微生物燃料电池中磷形态分布及释放研究

针对沉积物中沉积磷（P）通过微生物活动再释放,致使湖泊富营养化反复的问题,采集郑州大学眉湖上覆水和沉积物,搭建一个沉积式微生物燃料电池（Sediment Microbial Fuel Cell,SMFC）系统,研究了通过SMFC限制沉积磷向上覆水体释放的方法。实验周期内监测SMFC的电压和阳极电极电位、上覆水温度pH、沉积物磷的Standards Measurements and Testing(SMT)法分级提取;并在实验开始与结束收集阳极微生物样进行微生物群落及基因分析;首次使用氧化锆薄膜扩散梯度技术（Zr-Oxide Diffusive Gradients in Thin-films,Zr-Oxide DGT）可视化了SMFC沉积物中不稳定磷亚毫米分辨率的浓度分布。结果表明：SMFC阳极电极电位从-100 mV升至230 mV;上覆水pH从7.15升至7.46;SMFC沉积物烧失量（Loss on Ignition,LOI）从18.31%±0.7%降至13.09%±1.10%,低于对照组的14.29%±2.10%;SMFC显著促进了孔隙水磷向沉积物磷的矿化过程,在沉积物垂向方向上...     

微生物燃料电池在污水处理中的研究进展

微生物燃料电池(microbial fuel cell,MFC)利用微生物催化剂将其代谢能直接转化为电能,具有原料广泛、反应条件温和、清洁高效等优点.简述了MFC的工作原理及分类,总结了用于污水处理的MFC的性能及其影响因素.探讨了MFC在实际应用中的瓶颈,并展望其在污水处理中的应用前景.     

正渗透微生物燃料电池反向溶质通量和膜污染控制技术研究进展

正渗透微生物燃料电池（OsMFC）采用正渗透（FO）膜代替传统微生物燃料电池（MFC）中的质子交换膜,可以在回收生物电的同时借助FO膜对原料液即阳极污水进行处理并提取高质量水,该技术受到广泛关注。与传统MFC相比,OsMFC在产电性能和出水水质方面均有提升。但是,FO膜的引入使得OsMFC系统反向溶质扩散和膜污染等问题十分突出,进而导致FO膜的水通量降低,OsMFC的产电和产水性能下降,限制了OsMFC的发展和应用。随着近年来材料和生物等领域的不断发展,上述问题可以通过合理的技术手段解决。从优化OsMFC性能出发,重点从反向溶质通量（RSF）控制和膜污染控制2个方面对近几年的研究进行分析和总结,主要包括通过膜材料的选择、汲取液的选择和OsMFC系统内产电对RSF进行抑制,以及通过膜污染形成机制、膜污染的技术调控、膜污染清洗、膜材料的改性和阳极微生物的筛选与培养对膜污染进行控制,并对未来OsMFC的RSF和膜污染的控制技术进行了展望。     

Supercritical gasification for the treatment of o-cresol wastewater

The supercritical water gasification of phenolic wastewater without oxidant was performed to degrade pollutants and produce hydrogen-enriched gases. The simulated o-cresol wastewater was gasified at 440-650℃ and 27.6 MPa in a continuous Inconel 625 reactor with the residence time of 0.42-1.25 min. The influence of the reaction temperature, residence time, pressure, catalyst, oxidant and the pollutant concentration on the gasification efficiency was investigated. Higher temperature and longer residence time enhanced the o-cresol gasification. The TOC removal rate and hydrogen gasification rate were 90.6% and 194.6%, respectively, at the temperature of 650℃ and the residence time of 0.83 min. The product gas was mainly composed of H2, CO2, CFL and CO, among which the total molar percentage of H2 and CFL was higher than 50%. The gasification efficiency decreased with the pollutant concentration increasing. Both the catalyst and oxidant could accelerate the hydrocarbon gasification at a lower reaction temperature, in which the catalyst promoted H2 production and the oxidant enhanced CO2 generation. The intermediates of liquid effluents were analyzed and phenol was found to be the main composition. The results indicate that the supercritical gasification is a promising way for the treatment of hazardous organic wastewater.     

浅析儿童爬山车倾翻的常见原因和应对措施

儿童爬山车的平稳行驶是设备运行安全的关键,车辆一旦发生倾翻必定会对乘客造成伤害。本文结合检验过程中实际发生的案例,客观分析了儿童爬山车倾翻的常见原因,并提出了改进措施,为儿童爬山车的生产、安装、维保、使用、检验等相关单位技术人员提供一定的参考。     

高炉原料矿槽槽上除尘方式综述

槽上卸料车及矿槽口尘源点具有移动性特征,有效的矿槽槽口密闭以及可靠的随卸料车移动的风管连接装置,是保证除尘良好效果的要点.常用的除尘方法各有其特点和适用条件,应根据作业方式及矿槽结构状况有针对性的采用.     

异戊二烯与O3反应体系中有机氢过氧化物和H2O2的产率研究

用双通道Ｈ２Ｏ２分析系统研究了室温条件下异戊二烯与Ｏ３气相暗反应体系中机氢过氧化物和Ｈ２Ｏ２的产率,３次实验测得有机氢过氧化物的产率分别为３．８％和４．３％和３．９％,平均为４．０％;Ｈ２Ｏ２的产率分别为２．２％、１．６％和１．８％,平均为１．９％,探讨了异茂二烯与Ｏ３反应体系中有机氢过氧化物和Ｈ２Ｏ２的生成机理。     

氢能燃料电池动力系统制造项目产污环节及污染控制分析

本文主要研究氢能燃料电池动力系统制造项目环境影响评价过程中的技术问题,针对氢能燃料电池动力系统生产过程中主要的环境污染问题,明确提出具体有效的污染防治、环境风险防范等环境保护措施,为同类项目污染治理提供参考借鉴。     

玉米秸秆生物炭电极用于微生物燃料电池脱硫反硝化性能

研究了玉米秸秆生物炭作为微生物燃料电池电极的性能。阳极以S^2-为单一电子供体,阴极以NO3^-为电子受体,以碳毡为对照电极,考察玉米秸秆生物炭电极用于生物燃料电池同步脱硫反硝化的电化学性能、产电性能以及污染物去除能力,分析了不同硫氮质量浓度比对生物炭电极微生物燃料电池脱氮除硫效率以及输出电能的影响。结果表明,玉米秸秆生物炭电极微生物燃料电池实现了更高的交换电流密度(22.42×10^-3 A·cm^-2)和更低的电荷转移电阻(4.24Ω)。与碳毡电极相比,玉米秸秆生物炭电极微生物燃料电池最大输出电压和最大功率密度分别提升了18.91%和16.67%。当硫氮比为5:4时,反应器脱硫反硝化和产电能力最佳。阳极室S^2-出水质量浓度由120 mg·L^-1降至1.08 mg·L^-1,去除率为99.1%,其中76.52%转化为SO₄^2--S,阴极室NO₃^--N去除率...