石英砂负载氧化铁吸附除磷的热动力学研究

通过吸附动力学实验及等温吸附实验,考察了在10～40℃的温度条件下石英砂负载氧化铁(IOCS)吸附磷的热动力学性质.结果表明:准二级反应动力学模型及Langmuir等温吸附模型可分别较好地描述IOCS对磷的吸附动力学及吸附等温线实验结果(R2≥0.98);吸附速率及吸附容量随温度的增加而增加.吸附速率k从0.0095增加到0.0173,吸附容量从0.06 mg/g增加到0.08 mg/g.根据标准吉布斯自由能变(△G0＜0)和标准反应焓变(△H0＞0)值判断,IOCS对磷的吸附是自发的、吸热的化学吸附反应.     

Effect of different pearling times on the quality of hull-less barley rice北大核心CSCD

Hull-less barley is a special food crop rich in various nutrients in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Six-pearling is often used to produce commercial hull-less barley rice in order to improve its rough taste and inferior cooking quality. This study evaluated the differences in the nutritional, cooking, sensory, and storage qualities of hull-less barley rice with different pearling times to obtain suitable processing conditions for the production of high-quality hull-less barley rice. With increasing pearling time, the contents of vitamin B6, vitamin E, dietary fiber, iron, zinc, phenols, and flavonoids significantly decreased to a large extent, protein and vitamin B3 decreased slightly, the contents of total starch and β-glucan increased significantly, and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) initially increased and then decreased. The peak, trough, and final viscosity of whole grain barley were 1 860.50 cP, 914.50 cP, and 2 150.00 cP, respectively, and increased after six-pearling to 4 219.00 cP, 2 628.00 cP, and 5 074.00 cP, respectively. At the same time, the water absorption and volume expansion of the pearled hull-less barley increased significantly. The hardness of pearled hull-less barley reduced from 4 708.50 g to 2 282.00 g, its adhesiveness increased from 0.00 to -7.33, and its taste and sensory quality exhibited better. The activities of α-amylase, polyphenol oxidase, lipase, and catalase in pearled hull-less barley slightly decreased. Hull-less bran flour is rich in a variety of nutritional components and could be a potential resource with great developmental value. In general, hull-less barley rice obtained from three-pearling has high nutritional value, high cooking quality, low enzyme activity, and low energy consumption; therefore, it can be used to produce high-quality barley rice. This study provides important information for high-quality pearled hull-less barley and further utilization of barley bran flour. © 2022 Science Press. All rights reserved.     

微电解工艺研究进展

本文探讨了微电解工艺的基本原理和反应机理,总结了该工艺的设计参数、优缺点,并概述了该工艺在电镀、染料、石油化工等工业废水治理中的应用现状。我国对微电解工艺从20世纪80年代研究至今,已在各个行业有了广泛的应用。从实际应用来看,该工艺具有适用范围广、处理效果好,使用寿命长,成本低廉等优点,具有良好的工业应用前景。但同时也出现了结块等问题。     

浅议硅粉回收利用与企业烟气治理建议

通过阐述污染治理是企业发展的需要 ,综合介绍硅铁烟气治理及硅粉回收利用技术 ,结合青海实际 ,提出了加速烟气治理的建议。     

利用味精厂米渣生产发泡粉和蛋白质灭火剂

将米渣清洗、过滤以除去液化液、糖液,再加水调至130Be,用石灰调为不同pH,在不同时间下进行水解,结果表明当pH为11.5,在蒸气压为0.1MPa条件下,经过3h水解后蛋白质含量最高,可达到6.0%(水解液含量),再过滤、浓缩成为30%的蛋白质液,经过适当配制可成为蛋白质泡沫灭火剂,经过武汉市科威消防材料厂进行灭火测试,结果表明,粘度、沉淀物、发泡倍数、90%火焰控制时间、灭火时间、抗烧时间等指标均达到中华人民共和国公共安全行业标准(GA2191999);将30%的蛋白质液喷雾干燥后,可制备成为食用蛋白质发泡剂。     

水中羟基氧化铁催化臭氧分解和氧化痕量硝基苯的机理探讨

测定了木质颗粒活性炭(GAC)和负载在GAC上的羟基氧化铁(FeOOH)催化水中臭氧分解的速率常数并探讨了催化臭氧分解的途径.以水中几种氧化物表面羟基密度和表面零电荷pH值(pH_zpc)为表征氧化物表面性质的参数,考察了2个参数对催化臭氧氧化水中硝基苯的影响.GAC和负载在GAC上的FeOOH使水中臭氧一级分解速率常数分别提高了68%和108%,用叔丁醇捕获掉生成的羟基自由基后,前者的分解速率常数降低了9%,后者降低了20%.GAC在催化臭氧分解时主要起到吸附剂和还原剂的作用,FeOOH催化臭氧分解过程中促进了羟基自由基生成.氧化物表面羟基密度和催化臭氧氧化水中硝基苯的效果之间没有直接的关系,由氧化物的pH_zpc决定的表面电荷状态与催化氧化效果有关,表面接近电中性时对催化氧化硝基苯有利.高密度的表面羟基会使表面羟基之间形成较强的氢键,使催化作用减弱.     

水俣氧化铁对废水中某些放射性核素的吸附研究

研究了水合氧化物对＾１０６Ｒｕ，＾９０Ｓｒ－＾９０Ｙ，＾１３７ＣＳ及＾１５３－１５４Ｅｕ的吸附规律。结果表明，水合氧化物对Ｒｕ、Ｓｒ、Ｙ及Ｅｕ有良好的吸附性能，对Ｃｓ有一定的吸附性。Ｆｅ／Ｚｎ混合氧化物对Ｃｓ和Ｓｒ－Ｖ的吸附能力比水合氧化铁高一个数量级。     

利用铁泥或硫铁矿烧渣制取氧化铁颜料

本文详细阐述了铁泥和硫铁矿烧渣的来源及其成分,制备生成优质氧化铁所需的高纯硫酸亚铁溶液的最佳工艺条件.制备氧化铁红工艺流程及最佳控制参数.简述了酸性废水的循环使用.