我国城乡环保一体化的制度建构:理念、原则与路径

近年来,我国"城市环境趋向好转,农村环境不断恶化"这种城乡环境二元趋势的凸现,提出了城乡环保一体化的客观要求."城市中心主义"环境法制以及我国农民实质自由的严重匮乏是我国产生城乡环境二元趋势的根本原因.一些地方所采取的仅仅局限于环保领域的城乡环保一体化措施,并不能从根本上扭转城乡环境二元趋势.城乡环保一体化实践需要以更为全面的制度建构为基础.城乡环保一体化的制度建构应树立理性、人本、自由等基本理念,应坚持整体推进、科学建构、多元参与等基本原则.城乡环保一体化的制度建构路径,首先是消除对农民的各种制度性歧视,实现城乡居民的权利平等;其次,在推动地方民主与法治建设,推进司法体制改革、建立司法审查制度的基础上,健全与完善农民权利实现的保障机制,保证农民的各项权利最终成为"可实际行使"的权利.最后,还要建立适应农村环境保护要求的环境法制.     

CO_2 Emission Induced by Urban Household Consumption in China

Household consumption is one of the important factors that induce COL emission. Based on input-output model, this article calculated the intensity of CO2 emission of different income groups and seven provinces in China, and then estimated total CO2 emission induced by urban household consumption from 1995 to 2004 in China based on statistic data of household living expenditure. The results show that CO2 emission per capita induced by household consumption had increased from 1583 to 2498 kg CO2 during 1995-2004. The ratio of consumption-induced CO2 emission to total CO2 emission had risen from 19% to 30% in the past decade. Indirect CO2 emission accounted for an important part of the consumption-induced emission, the ratio of indirect emission to consumption-induced emission had risen from 69% to 79% during the same period. A significant difference in consumption-induced CO2 emission across different income groups and different regions has been observed. COs emission per capita of higher income groups and developed regions increased faster than that of lower income groups and developing regions. Changing lifestyle has driven significant increase in CO2 emission. Especially, increases in private transport expenditure （for example, vehicle expenditure） and house building expenditure are key driving factors of growth in consumption-induced COL emission. There are big differences in the amount of CO2 emission induced by change in lifestyle across different income groups and provinces. It can be expected that lower income households and developing regions will increase consumption to improve their livings with income growth in the future, which may induce much more CO2 emission. A reasonable level of CO2 emission is necessary to satisfy human needs and to improve living standard, but a noticeable fact is that CO2 emission per capita induced by household consumption in developed areas of China had reached a quite high level. Adjustment in lifestyle towards a low-carbon society is in urgent need.     

如东县垃圾填埋场扩建工程的设计

介绍了如东县生活垃圾卫生填埋场扩建工程的概况及其主要设计内容。在设计中,针对当地特殊的气候条件和地质特征,因地制宜,优化设计,旨在提高工程的经济性及实用性。     

炼化企业大检修作业的环保管理

以克拉玛依石化公司为例,对检修作业前环境危害因素进行了辨识,提出了检修前、检修期间环保管理的措施,从废气、废水、噪声、固废四个方面详细介绍了大检修期间进行污染控制的具体措施,分析了大型炼化企业在停工大检修作业期间存在的环境影响因素,提出了大检修作业期间的环保管理内容及污染控制措施。     

辽河油田欢喜岭采油厂 倾情环保事业,打造“绿色家园”

<正>范英才,男,1961年出生,现任辽河油田欢喜岭采油厂厂长。作为企业领导者,他具有强烈的社会责任感和环境意识,始终坚持"环境是潜在生产力"的治企理念,把"人与自然和谐相处、油气生产与环境保护协调并存"作为检验企业     

绿色环保金马先行 辽河油田金马油田开发公司环保纪实

<正>金马公司自1998年4月创建以来,现有员工1586人,担负着49座采油站,11座热注站,3座联合站,1110口油水井的管理工作。公司始终把环境保护作为企业生存的基础和发展的前提,认真遵守国家环境保护法规,兼顾经济、环境、社会"三个效益",不断追求原油开采和环境     

“十一五”环境科技创新的优先领域

①水污染防治：包括饮用水安全保障及关键支撑技术;流域（区域）水污染控制与工程示范等。②大气污染防治：包括区域大气污染现状、成因与污染损失评估;城市大气环境污染与控制;工业废气治理技术等。③土壤污染防治与农村环境综合整治：包括土壤污染与修复技术;农村环境综合整治与农村面源污染防治等。     

国务院出台2009年立法计划 《大气污染法(修订)》、《环境监测管理条例》等列入计划

国务院近日印发了《国务院2009年立法工作计划》（以下简称《工作计划》）。按照《工作计划》,今年,《大气污染法（修订）》、《环境监测管理条例》、《畜禽养殖污染防治条例》等与节约能源资源、保护生态环境有关的法律、法规将制定、修订,或提请全国人大委员会审议。     

谱绿色环保之篇 谋持续发展之略——锦州采油厂环保工作纪实

<正>无垠的芦苇随风群舞,环绕着波光粼粼的滩涂;座座油井如同颗颗金珠,远近相宜的点缀在视野之中,沉淀的记忆在水面的鸥鸟瞬起间荡漾开来,飘散向原野深处……这里,就是位于大凌河畔,享有"辽西明珠"之誉的辽河油田公司锦州采油厂。