生物沥浸含锰烟粉尘中的锰及其浸出机理研究

含锰烟粉尘是钢铁行业产生的一类含有锰、锌、铅和硅等元素的工业固废，既存在一定的环境风险，又具有潜在的资源回收价值。对含锰烟粉尘分别用生物酸和无机酸进行沥浸，分析锰的浸出机理，进一步通过响应面法确定生物酸沥浸锰的最佳工艺条件。结果表明，锰的浸出机理为酸溶和生物酸还原的复合机理，生物酸中的还原性物质和沥浸过程中产生的Fe²⁺能够将高价锰还原为Mn²⁺,使生物酸体系锰的浸出率比无机酸体系高。生物酸浸出锰的最佳工艺条件：固液比为1.22 g∶100 mL,初始pH为0.81,温度为29.14℃,转速为152.29 r/min,此条件下实际锰浸出率为76.51%。     

表面活性剂对生物沥滤去除污泥中铜、锌的影响

将Tween-80,Span-60和甜菜碱,分别添加到城市污水处理厂污泥中,进行序批式生物沥滤,研究表面活性剂的浓度和类型对污泥中Cu,Zn沥滤效果的影响。结果表明,3种表面活性剂的适宜投加量范围依次为:0.5%~0.7%、3.0~6.0 g/L和1.5~3.0 g/L。在此条件下沥滤10 d,Cu和Zn的去除率均可达到80%以上。与未添加表面活性剂相比,硫的氧化利用率也得到了一定的提高。     

污泥脱水滤液有机磷污染特征及强化去除

针对污水处理厂污泥脱水滤液有机磷污染现状,采用树脂分级、傅里叶红外光谱和气相色谱质谱等方法解析其污染特征和组分结构,进而开展强化去除研究,并初步探究OP的降解转化过程。结果表明:WXA污泥脱水滤液OP和出水OP平均含量分别为10.1 mg·L~(-1)和0.16 mg·L~(-1),脱水滤液的回流可能影响出水稳定;亲水性OP和疏水性OP平均含量分别为8.58 mg·L~(-1)和1.59 mg·L~(-1),OP的生物利用度仅为23.8%,表明以难生物降解形态为主,进一步的组分解析结果验证了该推测;强化去除研究表明,最佳条件是O3投加量为30 mg·L~(-1)、pH为12.0和H2O2投加量为1.5 mL,去除率高达82.9%。O3/H2O2氧化技术可实现脱水滤液难降解OP的高效去除,从而保证出水达标排放。     

多批次生物沥浸对猪粪重金属脱除及养分和脱水性的影响

猪粪重金属脱除及脱水性提升对其资源化利用具有重要意义.本研究以氧化亚铁硫杆菌(Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans,A.f)作为生物沥浸微生物,探究了多批次生物沥浸对猪粪重金属脱除及养分和脱水性的影响.研究表明,当A.f菌液与原始猪粪(含固率为3.5％)体积比为1∶1时,生物沥浸进程缓慢,而将猪...     

环境空气中沥青烟的监测

用装有７５ｍＬ环己烷的玻板吸收在２０℃左右,用大气采样器以０．５Ｌ／ｍｉｎ流量,采取环境空气６０ｍｉｎ,在紫外分光光度计２２４ｎｍ波长处测定,方法实用,简便。     

湿法脱硫石膏脱水系统设备配置及优化

石膏脱水系统作为FGD的重要辅助系统,对于吸收塔运行指标、荣液条件、物料平衡、经济运行、副产物综合利用都有重要作用。介绍了湿法脱硫石膏一、二级脱水系统的流程和设备特点,着重分析研究了系统中一级脱水设备、皮带机冲洗系统、滤液水系统、废水旋流设备等的配置、选型和优化方案。     

不同污泥浓度对生物沥滤过程的影响

以硫酸亚铁盐作为底物,氧化亚铁硫杆菌（Thiobacillus ferrooxidans）为主要沥滤微生物,在底物投配比为10 g/L,温度为25℃,曝气量为1 L/min的条件下,对5种不同浓度的桂林城市污泥中重金属进行生物沥滤试验。结果表明,生物沥滤的污泥浓度宜控制在25.6 g/L,沥滤3 d后,污泥中超标元素Cu、Zn和Cd的去除率分别达到58.17%、75.90%和93.64%,沥滤处理后污泥中残余重金属含量符合污泥农用的国家标准。     

Control factors of partial nitritation for landfill leachate treatment

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) technology has potential technical superiority and economical efficiency for the nitrogen removal from landfill leachate, which contains high-strength ammonium nitrogen (NH4 -N) and refractory organics. To complete the ANAMMOX process, a preceding partial nitritation step to produce the appropriate ratio of nitrite/ammonium is a key stage. The objective of this study was to determine the optimal conditions to acquire constant partial nitritation for landfill leachate treatment, and a bench scale fixed bed bio-film reactor was used in this study to investigate the effects of the running factors on the partial nitritation. The results showed that both the dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration and the ammonium volumetric loading rate (Nv) had effects on the partial nitritation. In the controlling conditions with a temperature of 30±1℃, Nv of 0.2-1.0 kg NH4 -N/(m3d), and DO concentration of 0.8-2.3 mg/L, the steady partial nitritation was achieved as follows: more than 94% partial nitritation efficiency (nitrite as the main product), 60%-74% NH4 -N removal efficiency, and NO2--N/NH4 -N ratio (concentration ratio) of 1.0-1.4 in the effluent. The impact of temperature was related to iVv at certain DO concentration, and the temperature range of 25-30癈 was suitable for treating high strength ammonium leachate. Ammonium-oxidizing bacteria could be acclimated to higher FA (free ammonium) in the range of 122-224 mg/L. According to the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis result of the bio-film in the reactor, there were 25 kinds of 16S rRNA gene fragments, which indicated that abundant microbial communities existed in the bio-film, although high concentrations of ammonium and FA may inhibit the growth of the nitrite-oxidizing bacteria and other microorganisms in the reactor.     

Fenton-聚硅铝铁硼处理生活垃圾压滤液研究

以正交设计方法为基础,以COD去除率为指标,确定了聚硅铝铁硼（PSAFB）最优制备条件,研究了Fenton-PSAFB混凝法处理城市生活垃圾压滤液的最优反应条件和处理效果。结果表明：以200 mL生活垃圾压滤液为处理对象,复合絮凝剂PSAFB的最优制备工艺条件为：Al/Si为1/2,Fe/Si为1/2,B/Si为1/6;其最优反应条件为：pH值为5.0,投加量为200 mg/L（以SiO₂计);Fenton法最优反应条件为：pH值为3.0,30%H₂O₂为20 mL,1 mol/L FeSO₄为30 mL;采用最优反应条件的Fenton-PSAFB处理垃圾压滤液,浊度去除率达到95.2%,COD去除率达到84.2%,BOD₅去除率达到81.5%。