湘东北湘阴凹陷控盆断裂特征、盆地性质及动力机制研究

对白垩纪-古近纪洞庭盆地东部湘阴凹陷的北部进行了地表地质调查与研究.凹陷呈NE走向,沉积岩层倾向南东,且自南东往北西倾角变陡.凹陷南段宽、北段窄,其南东边界分别为倾向NW的公田断裂和忠防断裂,两断裂之间以走向NW、倾向南西的白羊田断裂和石姑桥断裂相连接.公田断裂为正断裂,白羊田断裂和石姑桥断裂为右旋平移正断裂,忠防断裂为左行平移正断裂;公田断裂和石姑桥断裂均经历了自韧性→脆性的转变过程.凹陷内部发育NE～NNE向小型同成盆正断裂.上述信息表明:① 湘阴凹陷为箕状断陷盆地;②公田断裂和忠防断裂的拉张活动控制了凹陷的形成和发展,区域N(N)E向左旋走滑应力场对凹陷北段有一定影响;③ 白羊田断裂和石姑桥断裂属横向调整断裂;④ 凹陷发展及其沉积充填,与南东面幕阜山隆起的抬升与剥蚀(包括沉积剥蚀和构造剥蚀)相耦合.结合区域资料,讨论认为湘阴凹陷形成的伸展构造环境受本地区特有的地幔上隆深部构造背景与中国东南部区域张性构造环境的双重制约,并以前者为主;凹陷走向主要受区域NNE向左行走滑应力场的控制.     

关于多氯联苯测定的探讨

对PCB测定中所使用的kroclor和单体标准品的区别、联系和使用进行了分析阐述,并对PCB测定中的气相色谱法、气相色谱质谱联用法、生物分析法、免疫分析法的优点、局限性进行了比较.同时对今后的PCB的测定提出了建议.     

HP-5毛细管柱气相色谱法分离水中滴滴涕色谱条件研究

本试验利用HP-5毛细管柱,气相色谱法对水中滴滴涕几种衍生体的分离条件进行了研究和优化,找到了最佳仪器条件,为水中滴滴涕的检测提供了一定的试验参考。     

火电厂脱硫技术浅析

随着公众对SO2污染危害的进一步认识,火电厂SO2的污染控制问题已越来越得到广泛的重视。现有火电厂多采用湿法石灰石-石膏烟气脱硫法,其脱硫效率可达95％以上。脱硫后的废水因含有多种污染因子,需经水、污泥系统处理后方可排放。     

半固态加工中的触变强度及其影响因素研究

结合半固态金属具有触变性的特点,提出触变强度是触变点对应的应力,阐述了触变强度的研究意义,并结合高固相率下半固态金属等温压缩真应力-应变曲线研究了外变量包括坯料的加热温度、应变速率、保温时间和内变量包括固相体积分数、晶粒尺寸、晶粒的球形度、结构参数、半固态材料的固相屈服强度、半固态材料的初始表观粘度等对触变强度的影响。     

能源环境经济可持续发展的控制论案例分析

本文应用复杂适应系统理论的思想方法,建立了大连能耗率的演化模型;运用污染物排放当量计算法,测算出大连主要污染物的排放当量,建立主要污染物排放当量的演化模型;在经济增长的分配理论基础上,建立了大连经济增长模型;将自适应控制论引进能源-环境-经济可持续发展的研究中,从压力-状态-响应的角度提出可持续发展的自适应控制体系。对大连2020年的能源-环境-经济可持续发展路径及其控制轨迹进行优化设计。     

燃煤火电厂石灰石—石膏湿法烟气脱硫系统日常运行环保监督考核方法探讨

从二氧化硫总量减排环保监督管理的实际出发,结合日常监督工作的实例,分析影响烟气脱硫效率的因素,找出脱硫系统容易出现的故障,提出对脱硫系统日常监督考核的重点,探索建立烟气脱硫系统监督考核方法。     

Characterizing spatial distribution and sources of heavy metals in the soils from mining-smelting activities in Shuikoushan, Hunan Province, China

The spatial variation of heavy metals in the soils in Shuikoushan mining-smelting area, Hunan Province, China, was investigated using multivariate and geo-statistic analysis. A total of 106 composite soil samples were collected in an area of about 100 km2. Concentrations of total As, Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu and Cr were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Arsenic and Pb were found to have a common source, indicating the same sources and spreading processes, such as aerosols and airborne particulates from smelting chimneys. Airborne sources from smelting chimneys contributed greatly to Cd in the area, which demonstrated the same dispersion pattern as As and Pb. However, two hot spots of Cd around smelters were possibly enlarged by wastewaters, demonstrating another important source of Cd in Shuikouhsan. Geo-statistic interpolated mapping demonstrated that hotspots of Zn were only found proximal to the large smelters, suggesting that Zn primarily came from the chimneys of larger smelters. The major Cu hot-spots appeared closely to the tailing dam, indicating that weathering and leaching of tailings were the major sources of Cu contamination in Shuikoushan. Our findings indicated that airborne volatile particles and aerosols contributed the most to As, Cd, Pb, Zn and Cu contamination, while Cd and Cu may also derive from the discharge of wastewater from smelters and the leaching of tailings, respectively.     

Characterization of organic matter in total suspended particles by thermodesorption and pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

The organic matter in tropospheric aerosol plays an important role in atmospheric physical and chemical processes. The bulk of organic matter, representing a significant proportion of the total suspended particulate (TSP) mass, is bound to polymeric material whose structure and properties are largely unknown. Here we used thermodesorption gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Td- GC/MS) to study organic compounds of low molecular mass and pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) to characterize the chemical structure of macromolecules in TSP samples collected in di erent seasons from di erent sites in Guangzhou. n-Alkanes, fatty acids and nitriles were the predominant compounds in the thermodesorption products, whereas aromatics, fatty acids, nitriles and n-alkanes/alkenes were the major compounds in the pyrolysates. The results indicated that aromatics were main units in macromolecules. The fatty acids and nitriles formed from carboxylic ammonium salts were detected in both thermodesorption products and pyrolysates at a certain concentration, indicating the importance of these compounds in TSP formation. The TSP source mainly determined the occurrence of compounds in samples from urban, suburban and forest sites, whereas the TSP source and formation process maybe controlled the seasonal variation in compounds detected. High levels of nitriles in summer samples from suburban and forest sites coincide with the release of ammonium from the land and of fatty acids from vegetation at these sites.     

硝酸-高氯酸消解——原子荧光法测定茶叶中的硒

建立硝酸-高氯酸消解-原子荧光法测定茶叶中的硒的方法,硒浓度在0．00～40．00μg／L范围内与荧光强度呈线性关系,线性方程为y=31．2647,线性相关系数r=0．9996。样品6次定结果的相对标准偏差为3．9％,加标回收率为90．8％-95．2％。环境标准物质测定结果与标准值相吻合。