无机痕量分析中预富集技术的应用现状及前景

综述了预富集技术在无机痕量分析中的应用，概述了国内外最新进展，介绍了主要技术及方法的特点，大量文献表明预富集技术用于痕量分析取得满意的效果，降低了检测限，提高了灵敏度。     

锌—镉多相还原法测定硝酸盐氮

水中硝酸盐氮的测定,常用比色法和物理化学法.比色法中,酚二磺酸法精密准确,但试剂制备和实验操作麻烦,且受氯离子(>10mg/L)和亚硝酸盐氮(>0.2mg/L)的严重干扰,对这两种离子含量较高的水样去除干扰步骤繁;物理化学法中的紫外分光光度法,简单快速,但灵敏度低;离子选择电极法受氯离子和碳酸氢根(HCO_3~-/NO_3~->5)干扰;锌—镉还原柱法,灵敏度高,但还原速度慢,且因流速不同使得试样和还原剂接触     

土壤全氮的快速测定

本方法是过硫酸盐氧化消化样品的基础上测定土壤中全氮的光度法.采用碱性过硫酸钾溶液(0.37mol/L K_2S_2O_3,0.375N NaOH)消化土壤样品,然后用百里酚光度法进行测定,具有准确、灵敏、快速、简便等优点,适用于常规和大量样品的分析.     

白泥湖污水处理厂的设计特点

本文主要介绍广东省环境保护工程研究设计室与丹麦克鲁格公司合作设计的白泥湖污水处理厂的特点，重点在引进项目的消化、吸收。     

硝化反应及其控制因素

对硝化菌和亚硝化菌的特性进行了分析，并就碳源不足的废水实行短程硝化—反硝化脱氮的途径进行探讨。     

海上溢油溶解过程的研究

本文研究了海上溢油的溶解过程。经过海上现场实验,以O#轻柴油为例计算了C12～C21的每种正烷烃,总异构烷烃、总环烷烃和总芳烃在海水中的垂直扩散系数和溶解量,并建立了预报海水中油浓度和溶解量的方法。对于O#轻柴油来说,在平静海况下,溢油48h内,溶解于海水中的量约为总油量的0.52％。该结果为溢油危险评价和评估对海洋生物的影响提供了可靠的依据。     

新型轻质环保墙板问世

由江苏淮安万达建材有限公司研制的环保型FS-LCM轻质复合多孔隔墙板日前问世。该轻质复合多孔隔墙板是由几种无机高分子材料作胶凝材料,掺入粘接剂、改性剂等,经过科学配比,以植物纤维作填充材料制成的复合墙板,是具有轻质、     

NBIAS中污泥龄对脱氮除磷效果的影响

探讨无回流间歇曝气系统 (简称 NBIAS) ,处理城市污水的污泥龄 ( SRT)对脱氮除磷及有机物去除效果的影响。通过原污水流程试验和人工合成污水静态模拟实验 ,试验结果表明 :在水温为 2 0℃～ 30℃ ,污泥负荷为 0 .2 5～0 .45kg CODcr/ kg MLSS· d,SRT为 1 8～ 2 2 d,HRT为 8～ 1 0 h时 ,利用原污水作为碳源 ,NBIAS在保持较高的 CODcr去除率的同时 ,总氮和总磷的去除率均在 80 %以上。     

Removal of high concentrated ammonia nitrogen from landfill leachate by landfilled waste layer

The landfill of municipal solid waste(MSW) could be regarded as denitrification reactor and involved in ammonia nitrogen biological removal process. In this research, the process was applied to municipal solid waste collected in Shanghai, China, which was characterized by high food waste content. The NH4^ removal efficiency in the system of SBR nitrifying reactor followed by fresh and matured landfilled waste layer in series was studied. In the nitrifying reactor, above 90% of NH4^ in leachate was oxidized to NO2^- and NO3^- . Then high concentrated NO2^- and NO3^- were removed in the way of denitrification process in fresh landfilled waste layer. At the same time, degradation of fresh landfilled waste was accelerated. Up to the day 120, 136.5 gC/(kg dry waste) and 17.9 gN/(kg dry waste) were converted from waste layer. It accounted for 50.15 % and 86.89 % of the total carbon and nitrogen content of preliminary fresh waste, which was 4.42 times and 5.17 times higher than that of reference column respectively. After filtering through matured landfilled waste, BOD5 concentration in leachate dropped to below 100 mg/L, which would not affect following nitrification adversely. Because the matured landfilled waste acted as a well methanogenic reactor, 23% of carbon produced accumulatively from fresh landfilled waste degradation was converted into CH4.