Technological Progress, Structural Change and China＇s Energy Efficiency

China has witnessed rapid economic development since 1978, and during the time, energy production and consumption developed at a tremendous speed as well. Energy efficiency which can be measured by energy consumption per unit of GDP, however, experienced continuous decrease. Theoretically, the change of energy efficiency can be attributed to industry structural change and technological change. In order to explain the transformation of Chinese energy efficiency, we adopt logarithmic mean Divisia index techniques to decompose changes in energy intensity in the period of 1994-2005. We find that technological change is the dominant contributor in the decline of energy intensity, but the contribution has declined since 2001. The change in industry structure has decreased the energy intensity before 1998, but raised the intensity after 1998. Decomposed technological effects for all sectors indicate that technological progresses in high energy consuming industries such as raw chemical materials and chemical products, smelting and pressing of ferrous metals, manufacture of non-metallic mineral products and household contribute are the principal drivers of China＇s declining energy intensity.     

Analysis of the Energy Embodied in Foreign Goods Trade of China

In recent years, scientists have been increasingly interested in the energy embodied in traded goods among countries. In this article, the direct energy intensities in various economic sectors of China were calculated with the data of energy consumption and output value of each sector, and the input-output table was used to estimate the external energy consumption. The total energy intensity of all sectors was then obtained. From the data of international trade, the energy embodied in goods trade of China was estimated for the period of 1994-2001. During this period, the average energy intensity of imported goods was always higher than that of exported ones. As a country with a surplus in international goods trade, China actually imported net embodied energy in the past few years. The net embodied energy imported was at the same magnitude of the imported energy in the form of fossil fuels.     

上海市能源利用碳排放的分解研究

先对人均GDP、人口和能源强度与二氧化碳排放量进行相关性分析,再运用对数平均迪氏指数(LMDI)法,对上海市能源消费导致的碳排放强度和二氧化碳排放量进行了结构分解分析.结果表明,能源强度和能源结构因素引起碳排放强度下降,但能源强度的下降起主要作用;上海市二氧化碳排放量在不断的增加,其中能源结构和能源强度因素起抑制作用,常住人口和人均GDP起促进作用.因此,要减缓上海市二氧化碳排放量,应从控制人口数量、降低能源强度、调整产业结构、促进技术进步、改善能源结构等方面考虑.     

利用烧结脱硫灰制备胶凝材料的研究

研究了烧结烟气半干法脱硫灰复掺矿渣、钢渣,辅之外加剂,制备胶凝材料的可行性。结果表明,采用改性脱硫灰（GXTLH）、钢渣、矿渣及水泥熟料再混磨制备的复合胶凝材料,具有良好的安定性等水化性能和力学性能;当GXTLH 掺入量为20%、CFII 1.5%、减水剂0.5%及水泥熟料23%时,矿渣掺量在12%～44%、钢渣掺量11%～44%之间制备的胶凝材料初凝时间、终凝时间、力学性能满足GB13592-92《钢渣矿渣水泥标准》;矿渣与钢渣比、水泥熟料及外加剂等掺量一定,GXTLH掺量超过30%时,GXTLH胶凝材料的抗压抗折强度均有所下降。     

1978-2007年受到党纪国法查处的全国重特大生产安全事故（3）

1995年有关责任人分别受到党纪国法查处的重特大生产安全事故 6月23日,安徽省淮南矿务局谢一矿发生特大瓦斯爆炸事故。在事故抢救过程中,井下又连续爆炸。共造成76人死亡,49人受伤,直接经济损失300多万元。对事故的主要责任者均提交司法机关,追究刑事责任。有关责任人分别受到党纪国法查处。     

1978-2007年受到党纪国法查处的全国重特大生产安全事故（6）

2002年有关责任人分别受到党纪国法查处的重特大生产安全事故 6月22日,山西繁峙义兴金矿发生炸药爆炸事故,造成37人死亡。事发后,矿主为了隐瞒事故真相,对矿井进行巧妙的伪装处理,坑口被覆盖上厚厚的编织袋。之后矿主竞丧尽天良,把数十具落难矿工的遗体抛尸荒野,甚至焚尸灭迹,企图瞒过追查。该事故的主要责任者均提交司法机关,追究刑事责任;有关责任人分别受到党纪国法查处。     

液氮容器爆炸事故预防

液氮是一种特殊的工业制成品,具有超低温性、膨胀性、无嗅和无毒等特性。随着液氮在精密工业、医药、食品等方面的广泛应用,在冲装和储存液氮的过程中,液氮容器爆炸的事故也屡屡发生。如何预防液氮容器爆炸事故的发生,成为液氮容器使用企业必须面对的一道安全课题。     

曹庄矿开展警示教育宣讲会

本刊讯3月10日,山东省肥矿矿业集团公司曹庄矿在采煤二区开展了“敲响安全警钟”警示教育活动。活动通过宣讲事故案例的形式,向一线职工讲述屯兰矿瓦斯爆炸事故经过及原因,提醒一线职工,越是在安全周期相对较长的情况下,越不能掉以轻心,要时刻绷紧安全弦,按章作业、正规操作,特别是要做好安全设备的维检工作,及时消除安全隐患,确保生产安全。     

安检人员要报实情

2009年第4期“本刊特稿”栏目《1978-2007年受到党纪国法查处的全国重特大生产安全事故（4）》一文介绍,面对北京东方化工厂发生特大爆炸事故迟迟不能结案的情况,中国工程院院士钟群鹏与有关专家写信给朱镕基总理,反映北京市事故调查领导小组不顾事实真相,坚持错误结论的问题,最终使此案得到如实处理。     

历史上的典型事故 天津第一棉纺厂锅炉爆炸之鉴

1953年我国开始执行发展国民经济第一个5年计划,大规模的经济建设的展开,锅炉拥有量也成倍增加。据统计,1955年全国蒸汽锅炉数量为1．7万余台,而到1962年就增加到了6万余台。数量的迅速增加,其安全问题也日渐突出。据统计,1950年至1955年,全国共发生锅炉爆炸事故43起,伤亡379人,压力容器事故67起,伤亡221人,其中后3年尤为突出。