物元分析与灰色聚类法相结合的环境空气质量综合评价模型

本文提出运用物元分析与灰色聚类法相结合进行环境空气质量综合评价,用物元分析法建立了综合评判的物元模型,其中对于权重的确定,采用了灰色聚类权的方法,并运用该模型进行了实例研究。     

本溪市大气降尘及其组分变化规律的研究

对本溪市１９９１～１９９５年５年间降尘监测结果进行分析，找出其变化规律和分布情况，提出了改善大气环境质量的建议．     

大气中挥发性苯系物的Carbotrap吸附气相色谱法

本文研究以Ｃａｒｂｏｔｒａｐ作吸附剂，在常温采集大气中挥发性苯系物，直接采用热脱附气相色谱分析。对新型吸附剂Ｃａｒｂｏｔｒａｐ的采样－脱附－分析精度，回收率，突破体积等作了试验。本法具有灵敏度高，操作简单，不需复杂的样品预处理，色谱峰好，吸附剂可反复使用等优点。可对大气中１０－９级苯系物进行测定，ＲＳＤ≤３．５％。     

多边形源下风方向的污染物浓度

面源下风方向空气颗粒物或气体浓度计算涉及到二重积分。当面源是圆形或多边形时,文中给出了高斯烟流模型降解为一重积分的形式。文中还给出了当下风距离超过窄烟流近似法应用极限距离2到3倍时的近似计算方法,精确度达到了10％,计算速度提高了5倍。     

《千年生态系统评估》

揭示生态系统变化对人类福祉的影响警醒决策者与公众做出积极反应。[编者按]     

抚仙湖面源污染特征及其防治对策

根据抚仙湖径流区污染物负荷量的调查结果,抚仙湖水污染特征以面源为主,面源入湖水量占98%,TP占81.4%,TN占85.9%,因此控制面源是保护抚仙湖的关键。提出了防治抚仙湖面源污染的生态治理及工程治理对策。     

Spatial variations in daily average CO2 concentrations above wetland surface of Xianghai National Nature Reserve, China

Horizontal and vertical variations of daily average CO2 concentration above the wetland surface were studied in Xianghai National Nature Reserve of China in August, 2000. The primary purpose was to study spatial distribution characteristics of CO2 concentration on the four levels of height(0.1 m, 0.6 m, 1.2 m and 2 m) and compare the differences of CO2 concentration under different land covers. Results showed that daily average CO2 concentration above wetland surface in Xianghai National Natural Reserve was lower than that above other wetlands in northeast China as well as the worldwide average, suggesting that Xianghai wetland absorbed CO2 in August and acted as“sink” of CO2. The horizontal variations on the four levels of height along the latitude were distinct, and had the changing tendency of“decreasing after increasing” with the increase of height. The areas with obvious variations were consistent on different levels of height,and those with the highest variations appeared above surface of shore, sloping field, Typha wetland and Phragmites wetland; the vertical variations were greatly different, with the higher variations in Phragmites wetland and Typha wetland, and the lands near the shore and the sloping field with the lower variations. Spatial variations of daily average CO2 concentrations above wet!and surface were affected by surface qualities and land covers.