文山州经济与社会可持续发展探讨

文山州矿产，森林，水力资源丰富，近年来在经济迅速发展的同时，一些不合理的开发与利用，也带来了资源及环境污染问题。本文分析了文山州经济发展与环境状况，对经济与环境协调发展问题提出一些建议。     

再论永梅会矿集区的找矿方向

永梅会矿集区具有独特的成矿地质背景，有望成为华南又一个以Cu为主的矿业基地。为实现这一国家目标．力争使矿产储量有较大幅度的增长，这就要求地质科学研究从战略与战术上紧密配合。在新一轮矿产资源调查中，拓宽找矿思路，明确找矿主攻目标。为此，提出四点建议：1．大胆探索找寻第二个紫金山式浅成低温热液型Cu、An矿床；2．拓展视域找寻浅埋、品位均一的斑岩型Cu（Au、Mo）矿床；3．找寻层位稳定的层控型复成因Cu多金属矿床；4．找寻其他新的矿床类型，诸如钱成高温型Sn、Cu矿床；与早侏罗世火山沉积岩盆地内层位性复成因矿床和火山岩盆地边缘或剥蚀残留火山岩盆地之下的基底地层内矿床。     

Vegetation patterns and nature reserve construction in an extremely-arid desert in Anxi,NW China's Gansu Province

Anxi County is located in the northwestern part of the Hexi Corridor in gansu Province and has the sole national level nature reserve of extremely-arid desert in China.Phytosociological methods (Braun-Blanquet,1964) are used to classify plant community types in this area.Eleven are disting uished,including six of deserts,four of oases and one transitional type between deserts and oases.Direct gradient analysis (DCA) is employed to correlate the distribution of plant communities to physiogeographic conditions.This study makes clear that water is the most important ecological factor for the distribution of plant species and communities in this area.The effects of water have been demonstrated in different ways.A vegetation gradient from lower altitude to higher altitude in the southern part of the reserve is driven by a precipitation gradient.The effects of the depth of ground water table contribute to the differentiation of vegetation from desert to oasis in the flat area.In a finer scale,the washed gullies have obviously higher species richness and also higher vegetation cover than the surround gobi surfaces,possibly caused by the effects of floods.The vegetation patterns demonstrate that the area of Anxi County is a complete landscape unit.The range of the current nature reserve is not large enough for the purpose of conserving the unique biodiversity in this area.     

青藏高原科学考察研究的新阶段

<正> 解放后我国对青藏高原组织过多次科学考察,特别是1973年开始的全面、系统的青藏高原综合科学考察,取得了丰硕的成果,在国际上产生了较大的影响。70年代开始的这次针对全部高原的科学考察分为3个阶段:第一阶段(1973—1980年)考察了西藏自治区;第二阶段(1981—1986年)考察了川西、藏东和滇西北的横断山区;第三阶段自1987     

欠发达县市排污收费工作浅析

欠发达县市排污收费工作浅析●蒙阴县环保局彭黎明由于多种原因，排污收费工作在欠发达县市开展起来往往较其它地区难度大些。我们蒙阴县位于沂蒙山区腹地，是全省少数贫困县之一，近几年来，我们严格执行各项环保法规，采用各种手段强化排污收费工作，使我县的排污收费工...     

环境可持续性指数:尝试评价国家或地区环境可持续能力的指标

环境可持续性指数（Eneironmental Sustainability Index,ESI)尝试测量不同国家或地区为其后代保持良好环境状况的能力，从而为环境决策建立基础。本文系统地介绍了ESI的发展、内涵、指标设置及其方法学：列举了2002年报告的ESI用于测量142个国家或地区的结果，分析了典型国家（含中国）的不同表现；最后，概要地评述了ESI的特点与方向。     

Growth responses of Picea mongolica seedlings to defoliation rate

Picea mongolica W. D. Xu. is an endemic species in China. The spruce forest is only found in semi-arid habitat in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China. Based on the simulative defoliation experiment, it was proved that Picea mongolica seedlings had the compensatory and overcompensatory effects under the certain defoliation rate. The results of variance analysis on growth indexes showed that in PM I (natural regeneration seedlings under Picea mongolica forest), the differences of H1 (height in June 23 ) and H2 (height in September 3) were extremely significant, and the difference of D(diameter at the breast height) were not significant. In PM Ⅱ (artificial regeneration seedlings under Betula platyphylla Suk. forest), the difference of H1 was significant, the difference of H2 was not significant, and the difference of D was extremely significant. The regression equations were established and the compensatory and overcompensatory points were obtained. In PM I, the compensatory points of H1, H2, and D were 0.7628, 0.7436, 0.5725, and the overcompensatory points were 0.6056, 0.5802 and 0.2909 respectively. In PM Ⅱ, the compensatory points of H1, H2, and D are 0.5012, 0.3421, 0.2488, and the overcompensatory points are 0.4137, 0.2633 and 0.0747 respectively. These results suggested that the induction of compensatory growth mechanisms in spruce seedlings required a threshold level of defoliation, and the insects in Picea mongolica forest could be controlled in a certain de clree.     

基于循环经济的西部荒漠化治理途径探讨

荒漠化是制约我国西部地区发展的重要环境问题.本文在分析西部荒漠化现状的基础上,基于循环经济理念,从建立以可再生能源为主体的能源结构、构建产业体系和树立人与自然和谐发展的思维观三个方面提出并探讨了荒漠化的治理途径,为西部地区实现经济、社会和生态环境的协调发展提供借鉴.     

建议设立『国家生态特区』

中国幅员辽阔，自然地理条件与经济发展水平千差万别。但遗憾的是，很多地区的经济及环境建设模式却区别不大。例如生态建设方面，过去几十年我们走了一条“部门工程模式”之路，即不管地区自然条件差异，而实行统一的标准和技术。如颊受争议的“三北防护林工程”，在荒漠和草原地区大量种植树木，结果树木大批死亡，浪费了国家宝贵的生态建设经费。这些工程措施中相当一部分脱离了当地的自然环境和社会经济条件，不少难免流于形式，其结果是尽管投资巨大，却形成了“点上治理、面上破坏、整体恶化”的局面。     

浅淡西部地区可持续发展中的污水处理问题

西部地区水污染问题已经成为制约西部可持续发展因素之一.从环保意识、工艺适合性、资金的投入、经营体制、立法政策等5个方面分析了西部地区在污水处理上存在的问题,并提出了相应的对策和建议.