超临界水氧化技术研究进展

超临界水氧化技术是一种新兴的、高效的高级氧化技术具有广阔的应用前景。该方法具有独特的技术性和经济性。主要介绍超临界氧化技术的研究现状、应用领域,同时指出存在的问题和对策及发展前景分析。     

Molecular characterization and developmental expression patterns of thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) and their responsiveness to TR agonist and antagonist in Rana nigromaculata

Considering some advantages of Rana nigromaculata as an experimental species, we propose that this species, like Xenopus laevis, could be used to assay thyroid hormone（TH） signaling disrupting actions. To validate the utilizability of R. nigromaculata, we investigated the responsiveness of R. nigromaculata to a TH receptor（TR） agonist（T3） and antagonist（amiodarone） by analyzing expression, based on characterizing TR cDNA and developmental expression patterns. With high levels of identity with the corresponding genes in X. laevis, both TRα and TRβ in R. nigromaculata exhibited roughly similar developmental expression patterns to those of X. laevis, in spite of some species-specific differences. Both TRα and TRβ expression had greater changes in the liver and intestine than in the tail and brain during metamorphosis. T3 exposure for 2 days induced more dramatic increases of TRβ expression in stage 27 than in stage34 tadpoles but not in stage 42 tadpoles, showing that the responsiveness of R. nigromaculata to TH decreased with development and disappeared at the onset of metamorphic climax.Corresponding to greater changes of TRβ expression in the liver and intestine than in the tail and brain during metamorphosis, the liver and intestine had higher responsiveness to exogenous T3 than the tail and brain. Amiodarone inhibited T3-induced TRβ expression. Our results show that R. nigromaculata can be used as a model species for assaying TH signaling disrupting actions by analyzing TRβ expression, and intestine tissues at stage 27 are ideal test materials due to high responsiveness and easy accessibility.     

Two-step accelerated mineral carbonation and decomposition analysis for the reduction of CO2 emission in the eco-industrial parks

Carbon dioxide（CO2） emissions are a leading contributor to the negative effects of global warming. Globally, research has focused on effective means of reducing and mitigating CO2 emissions. In this study, we examined the efficacy of eco-industrial parks（EIPs） and accelerated mineral carbonation techniques in reducing CO2 emissions in South Korea.First, we used Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index（LMDI） analysis to determine the trends in carbon production and mitigation at the existing EIPs. We found that, although CO2 was generated as byproducts and wastes of production at these EIPs, improved energy intensity effects occurred at all EIPs, and we strongly believe that EIPs are a strong alternative to traditional industrial complexes for reducing net carbon emissions. We also examined the optimal conditions for using accelerated mineral carbonation to dispose of hazardous fly ash produced through the incineration of municipal solid wastes at these EIPs. We determined that this technique most efficiently sequestered CO2 when micro-bubbling, low flow rate inlet gas, and ammonia additives were employed.     

气候变化背景下英国核电建设掏重启及核安全监管机构的改革

英国是世界上较早进行核电建设的国家,有着较长的核电建设历史和良好的核安全纪录。自1995年后,由于对于私有化后的电力市场,英国政府不再为新的核电站建设提供公共部门的支持,以及石油在内的其他能源相对充足等原因,英国的核电建设处于停滞状态。     

速读

<正>给大笨钟穿上太阳能电池板为了争取达到2020年温室气体减排34%这个雄伟目标,英国国会正寻求议会关于房地产的意见,打算给大笨钟穿上一层太阳能电池板,以此来减少碳排放并提高能源效率。大笨钟建于1859年,安装在西敏寺桥北议会大厦东侧高96米的钟楼上,钟楼四面的圆形钟盘,直径为6.7米,是伦敦的传统地标。2012年,国会将其更名为伊丽莎白塔。     

走进核能的世界 了解中国的核电

<正>人类从钻木取火到工业革命再到信息时代,能源的使用从木材到煤炭与石油再到电磁能与核能,每次能源应用的变革都推动了人类社会加速发展,同时能源问题也成为关系到国计民生乃至国家安全的重大课题。传统的煤炭和石油在我国的能源结构中占据了绝对主导的位置,但随着我国居民生活水平的提高使这些传统能源的消耗不断增加,进而更加凸显出我国能源结构不合理的基本国情和"软肋"。走一条清洁、高效、安全、可持续的能源发展之路,是向污染宣战、加强生态环保的节能减排措施,促进大气质量改善的必然选择。自上世纪九十年代初开始,我国大陆     

从“引进来”到“走出去”

<正>从2010年的巴基斯坦核电援助项目,到2013年的英国欣克利角(Hinkley Point C)核电项目再到罗马尼亚切尔纳沃德核电项目;从1982年引进国外技术建设我国大陆第一座大型商用核电站,到2014年4月具有完全自主知识产权的"华龙一号"首次亮相;在经历了昔日的"拜师学艺"和通过引进消化吸收再创新增强"内功"之后,中国核电正在一步步由"中国制造"向"中国创造"转变,核电"走出去"正成为一张绚丽的名片。化石能源使用的负作用已成为地球的     

美国交通部门控制温室气体排放政策的演变

<正>对于任何国家而言,交通行业都是其主要温室气体排放来源之一,亦是各国控制温室气体排放的关键。本文主要介绍美国交通部门的减排政策法规及配套措施,以供我国借鉴。一、"双赢"的温室气体减排政策美国被誉为"车轮上的民族",其交通运输业的发达可想而知,因而其排放的温室气体亦影响较大。据测算,当前美国交通部门能耗占能源消费总量的28.1%,其温室气体排放量占总温室气体排放量的27%。     

Waste to energy—日本城市垃圾的能源化利用

<正>日本是垃圾能源化利用最发达的国家之一,垃圾分类很严格,原生垃圾是不能直接处理的。城市生活垃圾分类后,可燃组分由垃圾转运车收集送入垃圾焚烧厂,再经过机械筛选和人工分选,在焚烧炉内焚烧,产生的热能发电供给城市电网,部分余热用于一个城市公共游泳池;对于可生物降解的有机垃圾,如厨余垃圾等,进行甲烷发酵,发酵产生的沼气可以制备家用和车用燃气,也可用于发电。焚烧处理厂同时也是资源回收中心,家庭的大件垃圾如家具等,必须送回该厂处理,并交处理费。一些损     

推动能源革命,应对气候变化

<正>近年来,我国的温室气体排放量持续增长,从2007年超过美国成为全球第一排放大国,到2013年排放超过了第二、三位的美欧排放之和,占全球总量的29%。我国的能源消费总量比美国高约1/5,但二氧化碳排放接近美国的2倍。从能源结构看,我国2012年的煤炭消费是美国的4.3倍,石油不到美国的3/5,天然气消费不到美国的1/5,造成我国的能源碳强度比美国高1/4。与欧洲发达国家相比,我国的能源碳强度比英国、德国高1/4,是法国的2倍。