Electrochemical disinfection using the gas di usion electrode system

A study on the electrochemical disinfection with H2O2 generated at the gas diffusion electrode(GDE) from active carbon/polytetrafluoroethylene was performed in a non-membrane cell.The effects of Pt load and the pore-forming agent content in GDE,and operating conditions were investigated.The experimental results showed that nearly all bacterial cultures inoculated in the secondary effluent from wastewater treatment plant could be inactivated within 30 min at a current density of 10 mA/cm 2 .The disinfection ...     

双铝电极电絮凝处理高含氟地下水的影响因素及动力学分析

为探求电絮凝处理高含氟地下水工艺技术参数及其除氟动力学,采用双铝电极电絮凝装置处理人工模拟高含氟地下水,研究了双铝电絮凝除氟过程及其除氟动力学模型,分别考察了电流密度、pH、极板间距及初始氟浓度对电絮凝除氟过程影响。结果表明,电絮凝除氟过程符合一级反应动力学模型,理论所需除氟时间取决于初始氟浓度和除氟动力学常数,而除氟动力学常数受电流密度、极板间距和初始氟浓度影响;当电流密度为300 A·m⁻³,pH为6.0~7.0,极间距为10 mm时,双铝电絮凝除氟能效最高,氟离子去除率为89.56%,能耗为0.157 8 kWh·g⁻¹;但较高的初始氟浓度容易使铝氟比下降,导致除氟效果下降,不利于除氟过程。以上结果可为电絮凝处理高含氟地下水工程化应用和除氟反应器开发提供参考。     

Oxidation behavior of ammonium in a 3-dimensional biofilm-electrode reactor

Excess nitrogenous compounds are detrimental to natural water systems and to human health. To completely realize autohy- drogenotrophic nitrogen removal, a novel 3-dimensional biofilm-electrode reactor was designed. Titanium was electroplated with ruthenium and used as the anode. Activated carbon fiber felt was used as the cathode. The reactor was separated into two chambers by a permeable membrane. The cathode chamber was filled with granular graphite and glass beads. The cathode and cathode chamber were inhabited with domesticated biofilm. In the absence of organic substances, a nitrogen removal efficiency of up to 91% was achieved at DO levels of 3.42 ± 0.37 mg/L when the applied current density was only 0.02 mA/cm^2. The oxidation of ammonium in biofilmelectrode reactors was also investigated. It was found that ammonium could be oxidized not only on the anode but also on particle electrodes in the cathode chamber of the biofilm-electrode reactor. Oxidation rates of ammonium and nitrogen removal efficiency were found to be affected by the electric current loading on the biofilm-electrode reactor. The kinetic model of ammonium at different electric currents was analyzed by a first-order reaction kinetics equation. The regression analysis implied that when the current density was less than 0.02 mA/cm^2, ammonium removal was positively correlated to the current density. However, when the current density was more than 0.02 mA/cm^2, the electric current became a limiting factor for the oxidation rate of ammonium and nitrogen removal efficiency.     

光电催化结合氧化降解碱性品红的研究

用UV／TiO2悬浮液光催化氧化和间接电氧化相结合的方法降解碱性品红．考察了NaCl浓度、电流密度、pH值对光电催化结合降解碱性品红速率的影响．结果表明：光电催化结合比单一光催化降解效果有了明显的提高；NaCl浓度对光电催化结合的降解速率没有明显影响；提高电流密度可以增加光电催化结合的降解速率，但会减少单位电流密度下碱性品红的降解量；pH=9．00时，光电催化结合的降解速率最大．光电催化结合氧化降解160．0min后溶液脱色率达100％，COD去除率达75．5％．     

电化学消毒法处理回用水的可行性研究

研究电化学方法对城市污水处理厂二沉池出水进行消毒的可行性。采用人工配水 ,在近似城市污水厂二沉池出水含菌量与含盐量的水质下 ,研究不同的运行条件下的杀菌效果。为电化学方法应用于中水回用消毒环节提供了试验依据     

电化学氧化法去除超高盐榨菜废水中的氨氮

采用电化学氧化法去除超高盐榨菜废水中的氨氮,阳极为Ti/RuO2-TiO2-IrO2-SnO2网状电极,阴极为网状钛电极,考察了电流密度、电解时间、极板间距、初始pH以及极水比对氨氮去除率的影响,并分析了电流密度对氨氮能耗和阳极效率的影响。结果表明,在初始氨氮浓度为472.73 mg/L,电流密度为156 mA/cm2,极板间距为1.5 cm,极水比为0.8dm2/L,原水pH为4.3～5.0时,电解30 min和60 min时氨氮的去除率分别为89.75%和99.94%,电解30 min时,氨氮能耗最低为96 kWh/kg,阳极效率最高为8.47 g/(h.m2.A)。     

电除尘器电源交流分量对PM_（2.5）等细微颗粒物除尘效率的影响

除尘器对颗粒物的除尘效率与颗粒物的荷电量密切相关,PM2.5等细小颗粒物由于其荷电量不足而导致其吸收效率较低,对环境造成危害。为了增加粒子的荷电量,以粒子荷电原理为理论依据,从离子电流密度和通过电凝并扩大尘粒中位径2个方面研究了电除尘电源中交流电压分量对PM2.5等细小颗粒物荷电特性的影响,得出了电除尘器电源中交流电压分量可从以上2个方面提高装置对PM2.5等微小颗粒物的荷电量,且频率越高,幅值越大,荷电效果越好,从而可以提高装置对细小颗粒物的除尘效率。     

芒刺-板式电除尘器收尘极板电流密度分布规律研究

在芒刺-板式电除尘器中,板电流密度分布越均匀,越有利于除尘效率提高.因此,知道收尘极板电流密度分布对电除尘器的电极结构设计是重要的.然而,由于处于芒刺正下方的峰值电流不易确定,导致现有的电流密度分布式很难用于实际工程计算.另外,这些计算式不满足高斯通量定理.要使芒刺-板式电除尘器收尘极板电流密度分布满足高斯电通量定理,电流密度分布规律应服从某种特定的分布函数.通过对Warburg单根芒刺-板式电极极板电流密度分布模型的变量分析,发现芒刺-板式电除尘器收尘极板电流密度分布恰是自由度n=4的t分布.根据电流密度的分布特征,建立了由总电流确定极板电流密度的理论计算式.由于总电流很容易通过实测得到,因此,所建立的极板电流密度t分布模型更具实用性.比较研究表明,该理论式与其他研究者的实验结果有很好的一致性.     

电解法处理造纸清黑液的研究

采用电解法处理造纸清黑液,利用电解氧化去除水中有机物,降低废水的COD.电解槽中电流密度,氯离子含量、pH值、电极板间的距离等是影响电解处理效果的重要因素.采用氢氧化钙对电解处理后的清黑液进行苛化处理,处理后废水可以用于蒸煮.     

电流密度对电化学氧化垃圾渗滤液效率影响

主要研究了不同电流密度对高氨氮垃圾渗滤液的电化学氧化效率,重点考察了电流密度(10、20、30、40 mA/cm)2对电解过程中的电解速率、电流效率、能耗以及三氯甲烷生成的影响。结果表明:在电流密度为30 mA/cm2时,电解6 h氨氮降解速率为7 mg/(L·min),COD降解速率为4.4 mg/(L·min),氨氮的氧化去除要先于COD的氧化去除;随着电流密度增加,电流效率逐渐增加,在电流密度为30 mA/cm2时达到45.23%,之后电流效率开始下降,电流密度为40 mA/cm2时电流效率为34%;能耗分析表明:随着电流密度增加,电解单位氨氮所需能耗先降低后升高,在电流密度为30 mA/cm2时达到最低0.09 kWh/g NH4+-N。在电流密度为40 mA/cm2时,电解6 h后三氯甲烷浓度从低于检测值升高至0.684 mg/L,产生速率为1.8μg/(L·min),三氯甲烷生成速率随着电流密度的增加而增加。