Sludge granulation and e ciency of phase separator in UASB reactor treating combined industrial e uent

Sludge granulation and the effect of gas-liquid-solid separator （GLSS） design on the efficiency of upflow anaerobic sludge blanket （UASB） and upflow anaerobic sludge filter （UASF） reactors, operating at HRTs ranging from 3 to 12 h was investigated. VSS/TS ratio gradually increased in both the reactors with increasing sludge age （from 0.5 to more than 0.7 for UASB reactor and 0.012 to 0.043 for UASF reactor）. X-Ray diffraction analysis of the UASF sludge showed the presence of expanding clays revealing its additional absorption capability. Fuoraphyllite and albite precipitation related to excellular polymers of the microbial shell structure, showed the extended growth of microorganisms during sludge granulation. A gradual decrease （82%-69%） in COD removal with decreasing HRT was apparent in UASF reactor. In case of UASB reactor, this decrease was marginal because addition of GLSS device significantly improved （14%-20%） the overall efficiency of the UASB reactor. GLSS enhanced the efficiency of the UASB reactor by increasing the settleability of suspended particles and accelerating the coagulation of colloidal particles due to the velocity gradient.     

旅游景区管理模式选择研究——基于景区资源产权关系

景区资源管理的责任是“保护”和“展示”辅之以“利用”,清晰界定各产权权能的主体以及各主体的责、权、利,有利于管理责任的实现,也有利于克服目前景区管理的无序状态。强调在进行各主体的权、利界定时应建立各主体配套的责任机制的重要性。景区资源的产权主要是所有权、管理权、经营权和监督权等。根据景区资源与旅游活动的特征,进一步提出了有助于管理责任实现的“基础管理权”和“经营管理权”相分离的主张,进一步完善了景区产权理论。     

ABR反应器处理低浓度污水启动试验研究

为了探讨了四室ABR反应器启动规律,以低浓度污水为研究对象,通过控制酸化菌INT比脱氢酶活性、酸化率、OLR和H RT来实现反应器内部微生物相分离。结果表明:在水力停留时间3h,有机负荷2.4kgCOD/(m 3.d)条件下,酸化菌INT比脱氢酶活性与酸化率有关,且随流向逐渐降低,同一格室内中部比INT脱氢酶活性高于底部;一室、二室的酸化率占总酸化率的70%,确定一、二室为产酸反应器,三、四室为产甲烷反应器,实现了微生物相分离;反应器的启动时间为18d,稳定运行时,COD去除率可以达到35%￣40%。