低温高铁锰氨氮地下水两级生物净化快速启动

为了实现东北地区低温（5~6℃）高铁、锰、氨氮（TFe：9~15mg/L，Fe²⁺：6~12mg/L，NH₃-N：1.4~2.0mg/L，Mn²⁺：1.4~2.0mg/L）地下水的净化及解决同层净化中运行稳定性差、出水锰超标的问题，在水厂净化车间开展“两级曝气+两级过滤”工艺启动研究，采用差滤速和同滤速2种启动方式分别启动两级生物净化工艺.结果表明，2种启动方式分别在106，59d启动成功.同滤速启动可以有效的缩短两级生物净化的启动时间，铁、锰、氨氮去除负荷可达110.69，18.80，19.54g/（m²·h），沿程分析发现，铁在一级滤柱的60cm处即被去除至痕量；85.08%的氨氮在一级滤柱中去除，沿程各段去除均匀，14.92%的氨氮在二级滤柱中去除；锰的去除率和氧化活性去除区位受滤速及进水氨氮浓度影响较大，33.72%的锰在一级滤柱中去除，66.28%的锰在二级滤柱中去除，锰的去除仍然是滤池成熟的决定性因素.     

一种新型烟气除尘脱硫脱氮一体化装置

提出了一种新型高效烟气除尘脱硫脱氮一体化装置,该装置将三种先进的技术有机结合,取得了相得益彰的效果:采用独特溢流装置的自激式除尘器进行除尘和脱硫脱氮,采用球面筛板塔进行二次除尘和脱硫脱氮,采用结构新颖的汽水分离器进行进一步除尘和脱硫脱氮。该装置不仅实现烟气的高效脱硫脱氮,而且可实现有用细微粉尘即稀有金属的回收。此类装置还可应用于矿山、化工和建材等领域中的湿法除尘。     

波兰塔特拉山脉的景观生态学、人类影响及极端侵蚀事件

本文旨在揭示塔特拉山脉在不断加剧的破坏性人为变化方面的重要性，这些变化正在影响着自然环境，重大的地形改变总是与偶然性的水文－气象事件－主要是泥石流－相关联的，但是，自然和人为因素的影响都加剧了块体快速流动的整体地貌后果，人类的强烈影与自80年代以来所观测到的气候的不稳定性一起，降低了自然环境的抗剥蚀能力，对塔特拉地区地生态体系的主要威胁在山脉内部，海拔在森林上限（矮松带）以上的区域表现得最为显著，本文还对1997年6月罕见的骤发洪水作了一般性的描述。     

旋流板塔及其在废气处理中的应用

简述了旋流板塔原理、结构、设计参数，并列举了该塔在ＮＯｘ、有机废气、ＨＣｌ、燃油炉烟等方面治理工程应用实例。     

两种生物膜法去除微污染原水中氨态氮的效果分析

采用两种生物膜法，即塑料细条半软性填料生物接触氧化和蜂窝管填料生物滴滤法，进行了微污染河水中ＮＨ３－Ｎ去除的试验研究，结果表明：两种方法对原水中ＮＨ３－Ｎ都有显著的去除效果，但前者有效率高，温度影响小，不易堵塞，压降小，出水不必提升，能自动进入后续处理工序，且有操作简便，投资与运行费用省等优点，因此，生物接触氧化法应用作为选择的生物预处理方法。     

新型内电解铁屑过滤塔在印染废水工业化规模处理中的应用

介绍了一种新型内电解铁屑过滤塔在印染废水工业化规模处理中的应用。在弱酸性条件下 ,该类型铁屑滤塔色度去除率高达 90 % ,废水可生化性提高 30 % ,运行一年半无板结和钝化现象。与后续的生化处理单元结合 ,出水稳定 ,实现达标排放。     

Effect of leachate recycling and inoculation on the biochemical characteristics of municipal refuse in landfill bioreactors

Activity development of key groups of enzymes involved in municipal refuse decomposition was measured in laboratory landfill bioreactors with and without leachate recycling and inoculation for about 210 days.The results showed that the enzymes(amylase,protease,cellulase,lipase and pectinase)were present in fresh refuse but at low values and positively affected by leachate recycling and refuse inoculation.The total average of cellulase activity in digesters D3 operated with leachate recycling but no inoculation,D4 and D5 operated with leachate recyling and inoculation was much higher than that in digesters D1 and D2 without leachate recycling and inoculation by 88%-127%,117%-162%and 64%-98%.The total average of protease activity was higher in digester D4 than that in digesters D1,D2,D3and D5 by 63%,39%,24%and 24%,respectively,and the positive effect of leachate recycling and inoculation on protease activity of landfilled refuse mainly was at the first two months.The total average of amylase activity was higher in digesters D3,D4 and D5 than that in digesters D1 and D2 by 83%-132%,96%-148%and 81%-129%.During the early phase of incubation,the stimulatory effect of inoculation on lipase activity was measured,but refuse moisture was the main factor affecting lipase activity of landfilled refuse.The inoculation,initial and continuous inoculation of microorganisms existing in leachate,was the mainly stimulatory factor affecting pectinase activity of landfilled refuse.     

白腐菌氧化—混凝工艺处理纸浆漂白废水试验研究

报告用白腐真菌氧化—混凝工艺处理纸浆厂四段漂白混合废水的试验情况 ,在最佳工艺条件下 ,混凝处理出水CODCr、OD4 6 5分别为 1 85 .1mg/L、0 .0 0 4 2 ,去除率分别为 86 .5 %、99.4% ,实验结果表明 :白腐真菌氧化—混凝工艺对于纸浆漂白废水是一种有实用价值的处理工艺。     

Production of laccase by Coriolus versicolor and its application in decolorization of dyestuffs : (Ⅰ) Production of laccase by batch and repeated-batch processes

The production of laccase by Coriolus versicolor was studied.The effect of cultivation on laccase production by Coriolus versicolor was examined to obtain optimal medium and cultivation conditions.Both batch and repeated-batch processes were performed for laccase production.In repeated-batch fermentation with self-immobilized mycelia, total of 14 cycles were performed with laccase activity in the range between 3.4 and 14.8U/ml.     

脉冲筛板萃取塔用于糠醛废水醋酸的回收

糠醛废水中的醋酸浓度很低,为1%～2%(重量),并含有少量有机杂质,处理起来有一定难度,国外早在80年代初曾进行过这方面的研究.但至今未见工业化报导.国内也做过这方面的工作,并提出了电渗析—萃取—精馏工艺.当采用电渗析浓缩醋酸时,需要对废水进行预处理,增加了工艺流程的复杂性,且电耗大、投资费用高.同时用乙酸乙酯为萃取剂,由于是物理萃取,效率低、水溶性大、溶剂损失大.因此,这一工艺在推广应用时难度较大.针对以上问题,通过系统的实验研究,我们提出用三元混合溶剂为萃取剂,脉冲筛板塔为萃取塔的萃取—精馏新工艺来回收糠醛废水中的稀醋酸.