农牧交错带农业生态服务功能的作用及其保护途径

目前全球农业生产覆盖全球25％～30％的土地面积，约50％的可利用土地已经被农业占据。如果农业生态系统．特别是生态脆弱区的系统服务功能得不到恢复与保护．那将会拖全球环境保护的“后腿”。由于中国的国情决定了在生态脆弱区环境保护中必须坚持环境保护与发展农业生产“两手抓“。因此．农业生态系统服务功能的恢复、维持应该成为该地区生态环境保护与建设的重要组成部分。农业生产不仅要提高生态系统服务的产品功能，更要恢复和维持其各种维持生命的间接服务功能。本文在分析农业生态系统服务功能退化表现与影响因素的基础上．提出了针对各项服务功能的恢复与维持对策。     

数字

国务院办公厅日前发布《国务院办公厅关于公布辽宁大黑山等21处新建国家级自然保护区名单的通知》(以下简称《通知》)。《通知》提出,辽宁大黑山等21处国家级自然保护区主要保护对象的典型性、稀有性、濒危性、代表性较强,在保护生物多样性和生物资源、维护生态系统服务功能等方面具有重要作用,强调有关部门要严格执     

土地健康与土地资源可持续利用

土地健康是伴随可持续发展战略的实施而兴起的一个土地资源研究方向，对土地资源可持续利用的实现有着很大的实践指导意义。本文在分析土地健康内涵的基础上，论述了土地健康与土地资源可持续利用的关系，并进而针对我国土地资源的特点，提出加强土地健康研究，促进土地资源可持续利用的主要对策措施。     

没有湿地就没有水

每年的2月2日是世界湿地日,今年世界湿地日的主题为“没有湿地就没有水”。对不少人来说,尤其是非专业人士,湿地还是一个较为陌生的概念。“湿地”一词源自英文“wetland”。《湿地公约》对湿地的定义是国际公认的,即:不问其为天然或人工、长久或暂时性的沼泽地、泥炭地或水域地带、静止或流动、淡水、半咸水、咸水体,包括低潮时水深不超过6米的水域。这个广义的湿地包括海岸地带地区的珊瑚滩和海草床、滩涂、红树林、河口、河流、淡水沼泽、沼泽森林、湖泊、盐沼及盐湖。狭义的定义通常把湿地视为生态交错带,是陆地和水域之间的     

The Conservation Status and Conservation Strategy of Picea neoveitchii

Picea neoveitchii is an endemic species in China. It had been listed as an endangered species in red data books. It scatters in several locations of south slope of the Qinling Mountain of China. Upon reviewing the related literature, discussing with leading scholars on gymnosperm, ecology and plant conservation, the field survey was carried out in four locations. There are eleven mature individuals and two seedlings surviving in its natural habitats. With the survey of quadrat method in four locations, related community index were calculated such as relative important value （RIV）, species richness, similarity index, diversity index and evenness index etc. The community could be sorted and characterized as three groups based on the community parameters. The analysis of vegetation table elucidates that Picea neoveitchii is a dominant species with low grouping rate in most surveyed sites. The RAPD analysis shows target species has intraspecific genetic variability. The estimation of Shannon＇s phenotypic diversity index （Ho） also explains the difference of genetic variations of different locations. Due to the lack of enough knowledge and professional guide of conservation biological perspective, Picea neoveitchii had been clear-cut for timber production. The extent of occurrence and area of occupancy declined rapidly from 1950s to 1990s. According to the Conservation Category guideline proposed by the World Conservation Union, the conservation status of Picea neoveitchii was reevaluated as Critically Endangered （CR） B2b C2a D. Upon research in areas of ecology, molecular biology, cluster analysis of environmental parameters, a practical conservation strategy is recommended in this research.     

SO_2污染对莴苣指管蚜(Uroleucon formosanum Takahashi——莴苣植物(Lactuca sativa L)相互关系的影响

在实验室条件下(27±2℃,REH65±3%),受0.15μg/l和0.50μg/lS-O_2作用的蚜虫死亡率在32小时内与对照组无差异。用0.15,0.50μg/lSO_2薰7天后的莴苣苗饲喂,在为期15天的实验中,0.50μg/1组产仔总数(88.5±5.562)大于对照组(73.3±6.019)和0.15μg/l组(71.5±6.650)。内禀增长率率(?)m0.50>(?)m0.15>(?)m对照。体长在各浓度间无明显差异。实验表明:SO_2对蚜虫种群变动的影响主要是通过寄主植株的生理变化而生产的。