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641.
研究重稀土元素钇(Y(III))对短程反硝化工艺的短期和长期影响.结果表明,1~50mg/L的Y(III)对亚硝酸盐的积累量无明显影响,60~100mg/L的Y(III)会影响硝酸盐的还原和亚硝酸盐的积累.1~10mg/L的Y(III)对细菌活性呈现促进作用,20~100mg/L的Y(III)对细菌活性呈现抑制作用.胞外吸附的Y(III)是抑制细菌活性的主要因子,线性拟合的相关性系数R2为0.957,半抑制浓度IC50(吸附)为1.079mg/L(以湿重计),对应水中Y(III)浓度为54.35mg/L.SEM显示,添加Y(III)会使细菌产生更多的胞外聚合物(EPS)将细菌包裹以抵抗Y(III)的毒性,EDS显示被包裹的细菌表面碳、氮元素含量大幅度降低,EPS影响了底物的传质.130d的长期实验表明,5mg/L的Y(III)会使反应器的反硝化性能逐渐消失,停止添加稀土后,反应器的亚硝酸盐积累功能也不能恢复. 相似文献
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国内外硫磺回收工业发展现状对比与展望 总被引:10,自引:1,他引:10
通过对国内外硫磺回收工业发展现状的对比分析,提出了2000-2015年我国硫回收工业的发展战略目标。 相似文献
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Heart rot is a common soil-borne disease in the pineapple industry, but the situation can be alleviated by the application of bio-fertilizers with beneficial microbiomes. Clarifying the controlling mechanism of bio-organic fertilizer on the high incidence of heart rot is critical in monocultural pineapple cropping patterns. In our study, the soil of continuous cropping pineapple orchards was collected. Three types of carriers (rapeseed cake, peat soil, and coconut bran), biocontrol strains (Bacillus subtilis HL2 and Streptomyces strain HL3), and organic fertilizer (YJ) were composted into different bio-fertilizers (KC, KN, KY, LC, LN, and LY), which were used in pot experiments. The controlling effect of the bio-fertilizer was determined based on the response of pineapple heart rot and bacterial communities to different fertilizing methods. Our results revealed that the incidence of heart rot in bio-fertilizer KC was the lowest, which decreased by 20% and 13.3%, respectively, compared to HF (chemical fertilizer, 16-16-16) and YJ (organic fertilizer). The richness and diversity of soil bacterial communities in all biofertilized treatments (KC, KN, KY, LC, LN, and LY) were significantly higher than those in HF. However, the α-diversity indices of the bio-fertilizers (KC, KN, and KY) were higher than those of LC, LN, and LY, and the bacterial community composition was significantly different. The bacteria GP4, GP6, Bacillus, and Azohydromonas were enriched in KC, KN, and KY, while the relative abundance of Streptomyces increased significantly in LC, LN, and LY. Furthermore, Spearman correlation analysis showed that the relative abundance of these bacterial groups was significantly negatively correlated with the incidence of pineapple heart rot. In summary, the application of bio-organic fertilizers can decrease the incidence of pineapple heart rot by altering the soil bacterial community structure and stimulating beneficial soil microorganisms, which is important for reconstructing the ecological balance in continuous pineapple orchards. © 2022 Authors. All rights reserved. 相似文献
645.
Ammonia oxidation, the first and rate-limiting step of nitrification, is mainly performed by ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB). However, the activities of AOA and AOB in soil and their relative contribution to ammonia oxidation are unclear, and whether there is a significant correlation between the quantity of AOA and AOB and the ammonia oxidation rate is also controversial. In this study, quantitative PCR combined with acetylene (C2H2) and 1-octyne inhibition methods were used to determine the quantity and activity of AOA and AOB in wheat, highland barley, and oilseed rape soils in Nyingchi, Lhatse, Sangzhuzi, and Sangri counties on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The results showed that the quantity of AOB ((2.34 ± 0.84) ×105 - (2.65 ± 1.07) ×106 copies g-1 dry soil) was significantly higher than that of AOA ((0.20 ± 0.10) ×104 - (4.02 ± 0.39) ×104 copies g-1 dry soil) in all the soil samples. Soil pH was the key factor affecting the quantity of AOB, and the total phosphorus and ammonium nitrogen in soil were the key factors affecting the quantity of AOA. The rates of ammonia oxidation in the farmland soils of Lhatse (2.42 ± 0.73 mg kg-1 d-1) and Sangzhuzi (3.24 ± 1.15 mg kg-1 d-1) were significantly higher than those in the soils of Nyingchi (1.17 ± 0.43 mg kg-1 d-1) and Sangri counties (0.88 ± 0.57 mg kg-1 d-1). The rates of ammonia oxidation in the farmland soils of Lhatse and Sangzhuzi were dominated by AOB, while those in the farmland soils of Nyingchi and Sangri counties were dominated by AOA. For crops, the ammonia oxidation rates of wheat and oilseed rape soils in all four regions were significantly higher than those of highland barley soil, whereas the activity of AOA and AOB was not influenced by crops. The ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus was the key factor influencing AOA activity, whereas soil pH and total carbon were the main factors influencing AOB activity. Additionally, the quantities of AOA and AOB were not significantly correlated with the total ammonia oxidation rates and AOA and AOB activity. Overall, our study suggests that both AOA and AOB play important roles in ammonia oxidation in farmland soils of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Moreover, it is unreliable to predict the activity of AOA and AOB and their relative contribution to ammonia oxidation directly based on their number of amoA genes, and the activity of AOA and AOB should be directly and accurately measured. These results are important for understanding ammonia nitrogen removal processes, slowing nitrate loss, and reducing the emission of the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide in the farmland ecosystem of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. © 2022 Science Press. All rights reserved. 相似文献
646.
对白银矿区土壤重金属进行分析研究,分离、筛选和鉴定了受污染土壤中的可培养细菌,并考察其对土壤中重金属胁迫的耐受性。结果表明:白银矿区王岘镇尾渣堆和东大沟河沟土壤重金属污染Pb>Zn>Cu;从污染最严重的土壤中分离、筛选出砖红色微杆菌(Microbacterium testaceum)、特基拉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus tequilensis)和解单端孢菌素微杆菌(Microbacterium trichothecenolyticum)3种细菌,其中菌株M1(Microbacterium testaceum)对Pb、Zn、Cu、Cd的胁迫具有明显的耐受性。 相似文献
647.
针对某220 kV变电站连续发生的两起主变压器跳闸故障,根据故障信息及相关试验结果进行分析,找出导致主变压器跳闸的原因,提出对树脂浇注式电流互感器在投运前开展局部放电检测,在中性点非有效接地系统推广接地转移技术等措施。应用结果表明:改进措施有效防止了因树脂浇注式电流互感器主绝缘击穿导致的主变压器跳闸故障的发生。 相似文献
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