城市化与国民经济发展之关系的理论分析

城市化水平与人均国民生产总值的统计关系在８０年代被建立,从理论上分析这个统计关系能加深对城市与经济发展之关系的理解。从经济学的要素替代和需求收入弹性原理概括了城市化的发展机制,认为任何一个国家或地区的城市化都遵从它。并构造了全国人均国民生产总值与城市人均国民生产总值、乡村人均国民生产总值、城市化水平的关系,它是普适的。如果假设城市、乡村人均国民生产总值的增长分别引起的全国人均国民生产总值的增长总是占据了一个不变的份额,同时,城市人均国民生产总值与乡村人均国民生产总值之差与全国人均国民生产总值成正比,那么,就可以据此演绎出这个统计关系。第二个前提暗示了一个城乡发展差距的倒“Ｕ”字型过程     

中国东南沿海中生代火山作用基本特征

中国东南沿海自晚侏罗世到白垩纪火山活动分为二期、四个旋回,在空间上有迁移性,在时间上与侵入活动呈交替式演变。建立火山碎屑流等五种岩相模式,岩浆爆发占主导地位,同时存在蒸气岩浆爆发。确定破火山口、火山穹隆和锥火山为火山构造基本类型。由火山作用与区域构造作用、沉积作用控制形成火山沉积洼地、火山构造洼地和火山构造隆起。提出不同类型火山构造组合形式和相互演化关系。火山岩系列属高钾钙碱系列,晚期则具双模式性质。它们的地球化学型式兼具大陆边缘和大陆板内双重特性。     

Concurrency: a system design approach to environmental management and sustainability

The lessons of history indicate that mismanagement of natural resources and the environment often leads to potentially adverse consequences.The increasing interest in economic development,particularly in the developing countries of the world coupled with increasing population pressures and the globalization of economic activity is placing noticeable stresses on the ultimate sustainability of both human and environmental systems.Sustainable development is not a new concept.It has been an area of concern for different elements of society for some time.Yet efforts to understand the implications of sustainable development have not,until recently,been formalized.We have focused singularly on economic development and environmental quality as if they were mutually exclusive.This paper focuses on the concept of concurrency as both a conceptual framework and practicable method of understanding and implementing the ecology and economy of sustainability.     

保护和改善环境就是发展生产力——第五次全国环境保护会议在京召开

２００２年的钟声刚刚敲响，就迎来了第五次全国环境保护工作 会议的召开。与以往会议形式不同的是，本次会议采用的是电视电话会议，前后只用了两个小时，就把党中央、国务院的工作指示和精神开到全国各个省市，开到县城，直接开到基层。会议主题是落实《国民经济和社会发展“十五”计划纲要》确定的环保目标和任务，部署“十五”环保工作。本次会议对全面推进我国新世纪的环保事业必将产生深远的影响。 中共中央政治局委员、国务院副总理温家宝主持了会议。国 务院总理朱镕基代表党中央、国务院在会上做了重要讲话。他指 出，保护环境是我…     

浅析环境保护中的公众参与制度

公众参与是环境保护法中的一项重要制度,对环境法可持续发展目标的实现有重要作用.然而我国环境法中公众参与制度尚未发挥其应有的作用,文章结合相关规定对完善公众参与制度提出了建议.     

城市道路交通噪声的控制探讨

随着城市的高速发展,机动车拥有量急剧增长,道路交通噪声扰民的问题也愈来愈突出,群众投诉不断增加,针对这一日益尖锐的环境问题,经过大量实地监测和考察,探讨用在超标路段上铺设低噪声路面表面层来替代传统控制交通噪声方法,力求有效改善城市声环境质量.     

浅析“经济靠市场，环保靠政府”

在确定政府与市场对解决更广泛的环境问题所起的作用方面，流行于我国环境界的一个概括性论调就是“经济靠市场、环保靠政府”，本文讨论了环境保护、经济发展与政府和市场行为方面的联系以及相互之间的依存关系。     

石灰石-石膏湿法脱硫技术问题及脱硫效率探讨

阐述石灰石-石膏湿法脱硫工艺原理及存在的技术问题和处理方法,并对影响脱硫效率的主要因素及近年来发展趋势进行了探讨.     

加大环境执法力度 促进产业结构调整

近年来，山东省委、省政府认真贯彻国家宏观调控政策，不断加大环境执法力度，以环境保护优化经济增长，促进了产业结构调整，实现了全省经济社会又好又快发展。山东省委、省政府从落实科学发展观、构建和谐社会的高度出发，把环境执法作为推进环保工作的关键措施来抓，     

Influence of new town development on the urban heat island - The case of the Bundang area

Five new towns have been developed around the Seoul metropolitan area since 1996. However, these new towns generate lots of traffic and related problems in the areas including those new towns and Seoul as a result of increases in population and a lack of ecological-self-sufficiency. Currently, construction of another new town is under deliberation, and what should be a major consider is the notion that the new town be located within a wide, green zone. Many studies have revealed that green space can play an important role in improving urban eco-meteorological capability and air quality. In order to analyze the urban heat island which will be created by the new urban development, and to investigate the local thermal environment and its negative effects caused by a change of land use type and urbanization, Landsat TM images were used for extraction of urban surface temperature according to changes of land use over the last 15 years. These data are analyzed together with digital land use and topographic information. As a study result, it was found the urban heat island of the study area from 198.5 to 1999 rapidly developed which showed a difference of mean temperature above 2.0. Before the Bundang new town construction the temperature of the residential area was the same as a forest, but during the new town construction in 1991 analysis revealed the creation of an urban heat island. The temperature of a forest whose size is over 50% of the investigation area was lowest, and thus the presence of a forest is believed to have a direct cooling effect on the urban environment and its surroundings. The mean temperature of the residential and commercial areas in the study was found to be 4.5 higher than the forest, and therefore this part of land use is believed to be the main factor causing the temperature increase of the urban heat island.