SBR工艺处理腈纶废水

文章介绍了以ＳＢＲ工艺处理腈纶废水的试验过程，结果表明，在进水ＣＯＤ浓度为３０００－４０００ｍｇ／Ｌ、进水容积负荷为２．０ｋｇ／ＣＯＤ／ｍ＾３．ｄ时，出水浓度在４００－６００ｍｇ／Ｌ之间，去除率为７５－８５％，硝化效果很好，出水ＮＨ３－Ｎ小于１０ｍｇ／Ｌ，达到排放标准。腈纶废水中主要污染物为ＤＭＦ（二甲基甲酰胺），用本法处理后，产生难于生化氧化的氮氧物质，需进一步处理，因此，ＳＢＲ工艺目前适合作为     

含氰废水的管理

介绍丙烯腈、腈纶抽丝两套装置排放的含氰污水中硫氰酸钠含量波动范围在20～3036mg/L,造成对含氰污水处理场冲击。通过装置加强生产、制度管理后,使污水中硫氰酸钠含量波动范围减小到44～320mg/L,含氰污水场每年冲击次数由25次减至4次,提高了污水处理效果,减少对环境的污染。     

用聚丙烯腈中空纤维超滤膜回收废显影液

通过对聚丙烯腈和聚砜超滤膜与明胶蛋白的性能行为和不同因素对膜性能影响的研究，表明聚丙烯腈中空纤维超滤膜是用于处理废彩色显影液的较好膜品种。中空纤维超滤器具有水流状态好，投资、维修费用低，处理效率高和回收投资时间短等优点。     

新型改性聚丙烯腈处理含油废水的研究

除油率和油珠粒径分散度是检验含油废水处理效果的重要指标。通过测定不同流量下除油率及油珠体积分布,对比了聚丙烯与聚丙烯腈两种粗粒化材料的性能,发现聚丙烯腈除油率高于聚丙烯。对聚丙烯腈进行了改性,分析了改性前后对同种含油废水的处理率。发现聚丙烯腈改性前为亲油疏水材料,并且用于含油废水处理易出现堵塞现象。经过改性后聚丙烯腈变为亲水疏油材料,对油的去除能力大大提高。     

低聚丙烯腈和乙烯碳酸酯分子间作用的量子化学研究

以低聚丙烯腈(PANX,X=1,2,4,6)作为聚丙烯腈模型物,采用量子化学从头算的HF/3-21G方法研究PANX和乙烯碳酸酯(EC)分子间的作用.研究表明,聚丙烯腈基体与增塑剂EC分子间存在相互作用,其中N原子和O原子是主要的作用原子,形成了C-H桯…N、C-H桯…O(＝C)、C-H…O(-C)3类氢键,同时PANX与EC分子的几何参数发生了明显变化.PANX和EC分子的静电势分析表明,PANX桬C体系分子间作用存在静电力.本研究有助于合理选择增塑剂的种类及优化用量,提高聚合物锂离子电池的安全性;有助于了解锂离子在聚合物电解质中的输运机理,提高聚合物电解质的离子电导率.     

Heterogeneous Fenton degradation of azo dyes catalyzed by modified polyacrylonitrile fiber Fe complexes：QSPR (quantitative structure peorperty relationship) study

The amidoximated polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fiber Fe complexes were prepared and used as the heterogeneous Fenton catalysts for the degradation of 28 anionic water soluble azo dyes in water under visible irradiation. The multiple linear regression (MLR) method was employed to develop the quantitative structure property relationship (QSPR) model equations for the decoloration and mineralization of azo dyes. Moreover, the predictive ability of the QSPR model equations was assessed using Leave-one-out (LOO) and cross-validation (CV) methods. Additionally, the effect of Fe content of catalyst and the sodium chloride in water on QSPR model equations were also investigated. The results indicated that the heterogeneous photo-Fenton degradation of the azo dyes with different structures was conducted in the presence of the amidoximated PAN fiber Fe complex. The QSPR model equations for the dye decoloration and mineralization were successfully developed using MLR technique. MW/S (molecular weight divided by the number of sulphonate groups) and NN=N (the number of azo linkage) are considered as the most important determining factor for the dye degradation and mineralization, and there is a significant negative correlation betweenMW/S or NN=N and degradation percentage or total organic carbon (TOC) removal. Moreover, LOO and CV analysis suggested that the obtained QSPR model equations have the better prediction ability. The variation in Fe content of catalyst and the addition of sodium chloride did not alter the nature of the QSPR model equations.     

清洁工艺,降低腈纶生产中污水污染强度的实例研究

本文主要介绍了腈纶污水产生、处理工艺的改进情况，实施后为降低腈纶生产消耗，保护环境，推行清洁生产作出了贡献。     

污水分级监测控制

我厂５万ｔ／ａ丙烯腈和３万ｔ／ａ腈纶联合装置是“七五期间重点工程项目”，从原料到产品及排放的三废物质，具有易燃易爆的特点，稍不注意就会污染环境，直接影响职工和周围居民的健康，所以“三废”的处理，尤其是污水的处理对联合装置的投产尤为重要。为确保联合装置的试生产期间的污水分级控制，我们编制了“环保试车方案”、“监测分级手册”，并用监测数据指导生产，确保污水达标排放。     

Effect of additive on the formation of polyacrylonitrile membrane

The effect of additives CaCl2 and CaCl2/H2O on the properties of polyacrylonitrile(PAN) ultrafiltration(UF) membranes prepared by phase inversion process was studied. The dissolving capacity of the casting solution for CaCl2 was enhanced by the addition of H2O. The membranes are characterized in terms of the pure water flux and molecular weight cut-off(MWCO). The addition of CaCl2 or CaCl2/H2O to the casting solution increases the resulting membrane permeability.     

PES/PAN膜在MBR中膜污染机理及抗污染性能

采用液-固相转化法,以聚醚砜(PES)、氯化锂(LiCl)、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)和N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)为原料制备PES膜,并在体系中添加聚丙烯腈(PAN)制备PES/PAN膜。在操作温度25℃,操作压力90KPa条件下制得的PES/PAN膜、自制PES膜和商品PES超滤膜分别为222L/(m·2h)左右,130L/(m·2h)左右,82L/(m·2h)左右。通过膜生物反应器中膜阻力的测定,表明膜污染主要由沉积层引起的,另一方面长期运行膜孔堵塞也是阻力增大的原因。在MBR中运行时,PES/PAN膜、自制PES膜和商品PES超滤膜膜通量的衰减速率分别为0.2559L/(m·2h·min)、0.3366L/(m·2h·min)、0.3539L/(m·2h·min),PES/PAN膜通量衰减最慢;在MBR中运行15d后,经过化学清洗,PES/PAN膜、自制PES膜和商品PES超滤膜纯水通量恢复率分别为83.75%、63.58%、61.32%,PES/PAN膜通量恢复率最大,抗污染性优于PES膜。