亚甲基蓝与次氯酸钠对塔胞藻胁迫作用的比较

实验选取养殖生产常用消毒药品亚甲基蓝C16H18ClN3S.3H2O和NaClO作为外源物质,探讨二者对塔胞藻(Pyramimimonas.sp)的毒理学影响及塔胞藻在逆境状态下的适应性变化。结果表明:NaClO对塔胞藻的胁迫表现为低浓度的刺激效应,细胞生理指标变化反映出明显的氧化毒害症状;C16H18ClN3S.3H2O对塔胞藻的胁迫表现为明显的抑制作用,塔胞藻对C16H18ClN3S.3H2O的降解作用显著,细胞所受到的氧化损伤轻微。胁迫作用下叶绿素含量、叶绿素a/b值降低,SOD活力、MDA含量升高;SOD在塔胞藻的氧化抗性机制起着重要作用。     

钢铁行业污泥浸出液对水生藻类生长的影响

采用水生生物监测方法,在不同酸碱度条件下,进行羊角月牙藻、四尾栅藻、斜生栅列藻生长受3种钢铁行业排放污泥浸出液影响的毒性实验,并分析和讨论了影响因素。实验结果表明：在不同酸碱度条件下,3种污泥浸出液对3种藻的毒性影响各不相同。在酸性条件下,部分浸出液有致毒效应,抑制藻类生长;在碱性条件下,浸出液则主要促进藻类生长．引起水体富营养化。     

Adsorption of Methylene Blue on magnesium silicate： Kinetics, equilibria and comparison with other adsorbents

Batch adsorption from aqueous solutions in a slightly basic medium of Methylene Blue, up to 2500 mg/L, onto synthetic magnesium silicate (Florisil) of three particle size ranges (mean diameters of 112, 200 and 425 μm) was compared to the corresponding adsorption onto activated carbon and Amberlite XAD-2. The best fit of the kinetic results was achieved by a pseudo second-order equation. The equilibrium data were found to be well represented by the Langmuir isotherm equation. Amberlite XAD-2, an unspecific adsorbent capable of adsorbing exclusively through a surface effect, exhibited a poor dye uptake, confirming that the adsorption mechanism on Florisil was due to electrostatic attraction and ion exchange. Moreover, the comparison between Florisil and the other adsorbents was performed on the basis of the evaluation of the surface area and pore volume occupied by the adsorbed dye.     

Enhanced adsorption of Methylene Blue from aqueous solution by chitosan-g-poly （acrylic acid）/vermiculite hydrogel composites

A series of chitosan-g-poly (acrylic acid)/vermiculite hydrogel composites were synthesized and used as adsorbents for the investigation of the e ect of process parameters such as vermiculite content, pH of dye solution, contact time, initial concentration of dye solution, temperature, ionic strength and concentration of surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate on the removal of Methylene Blue (MB) from aqueous solution. The results showed that the adsorption capacity for dye increased with increasing pH, contact time and initial dye concentration, but decreased with increasing temperature, ionic strength and sodium dodecyl sulfate concentration in the present of the surfactant. The adsorption kinetics of MB onto the hydrogel composite followed pseudo second-order kinetics and the adsorption equilibrium data obeyed Langmuir isotherm. By introducing 10 wt.% vermiculite into chitosan-g-poly (acrylic acid) polymeric network, the obtaining hydrogel composite showed the highest adsorption capacity for MB, and then could be regarded as a potential adsorbent for cationic dye removal in a wastewater treatment process.     

大型丝状绿藻去除城市水体污染物质的研究

在实验室条件下,研究分析了以大型丝状绿藻为主的周丛藻类水质处理系统对城市景观河道劣Ⅴ类水质水体中污染物质的去除作用,以及其他不同胁迫条件下的水质处理效果.结果表明,该处理系统具有显著的N、P等污染物质去除效果,TP及TSS的去除率分别保持在50%和72%以上,同时PO3-4-与NH4 -N的去除率也分别可达90%和85%以上.在高污染物质浓度(TP＞3.0 mg·L-1、TN＞22.0 mg·L-1)条件下,TP平均去除率为89%,TN为45%,而低浓度污染物(TP＜0.50 mg·L-1、TN＜10.0mg·L-1)条件下,出水PO3-4浓度低于0.1 mg·L-1,NH4 -N低于2.0 mg·L-1.试验期间,大型丝状藻类生物量增长了38.78%,同时大量单细胞的蓝、绿藻类出现在水槽壁表面.出水DO浓度随着大型丝状绿藻生物量的增加而呈上升趋势.     

Sensitivity of green and blue-green algae to methyl tert-butyl ether

The toxicity of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) to Chlorella ellipsoidea and Aphanizomenon flos-aquae was tested and assessed for a 15-d incubation with concentrations of MTBE from high (2.00×104 mg/L) to low (2 mg/L). The results showed that the toxicity was low when the concentration of MTBE was in the range 1.00×104-2.00×104 mg/L (the greatest inhibition of growth-rate was 70%-71%, occurred during the day 1-5). Low concentrations (2-500 mg/L) stimulated algal growth up to the greatest effect of 85%-200% w...     

木质素基吸附材料的制备及其吸附性能研究

以木质素磺酸盐为原料,利用反相悬浮聚合技术,成功制备木质素基吸附材料,并研究了交联剂用量、分散剂用量、聚合温度、聚合时间及体系酸度等对悬浮聚合反应及其阳离子染料亚甲基蓝吸附性能的影响。实验结果表明,所制备的吸附材料对亚甲基蓝有较快的吸附速度和较高的吸附量,当木质素吸附材料对亚甲基蓝的吸附量达到17.71mg/g后,吸附趋向饱和,温度保持在30℃左右有较高的吸附量。     

化学发光法检测空气中NO_2研究

以0.2%的三乙醇胺水溶液作为二氧化氮吸收液,将空气中二氧化氮转化为亚硝酸盐,进而测出空气中二氧化氮的浓度。通过实验发现,进样方式、载流速度、硫酸浓度、溴酸钾浓度和酸性铬蓝K的浓度对该体系的发光强度都有影响,确定了体系的最优条件,建立了标准曲线,亚硝酸根的浓度在6.0×10-9～1.0×10-5mol/L范围内分段有很好的线性关系,检出限为8.5×10-11mol/L。对1.0×10-8mol/L和1.0×10-6mol/L的亚硝酸根进行11次平行测定,相对标准偏差分别为1.8%和2.2%。用该方法对氧化剂实验室空气中的二氧化氮含量进行了检测并进行标准加入和回收实验,回收率在95%～104%之间,该法可用于大气环境中的NO2测定。     

Electropolymerized poly（Toluidine Blue）-modified carbon felt for highly sensitive amperometric determination of NADH in flow injection analysis

Poly(pheniothiazine) films were prepared on a porous carbon felt (CF) electrode surface by an electrooxidative polymerization of three phenothiazine derivatives (i.e.,Tthionine (TN), Toluidine Blue (TB) and Methylene Blue (MB)) from 0.1 mol/L phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.0). Among the three phenothiazies, the poly(TB) film-modified CF exhibited an excellent electrocatalytic activity for the oxidation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide reduced form (NADH) at +0.2 V vs. Ag/AgCl. The poly(TB) film-modified CF was successfully used as working electrode unit of highly sensitive amperometric flow-through detector for NADH. The peak currents (peak heights) were almost unchanged, irrespective of a carrier flow rate ranging from 2.0 to 4.1 mL/min, resulting in the measurement of NADH (ca. 30 samples/hr) at 4.1 mL/min. The peak current responses of NADH showed linear relationship over the concentration range from 1 to 30 mol/L (sensitivity: 0.318 A/( mol/L); correlation coefficient: 0.997). The lower detection limit was found to be 0.3 mol/L (S/N = 3).     

Effects of UV/Ag-TiO2/O3 advanced oxidation on unicellular green alga Dunaliella salina: Implications for removal of invasive species from ballast water

The UV/Ag-TiO2/O3 process was investigated for ballast water treatment using Dunaliella salina as an indicator. Inactivation curves were obtained, and the toxicity of e uent was determined. Compared with individual unit processes using ozone or UV/Ag-TiO2, the inactivation e ciency of D. salina by the combined UV/Ag-TiO2/O3 process was enhanced. The presence of ozone caused an immediate decrease in chlorophyll a (chl-a) concentration. Inactivation e ciency and chl-a removal e ciency were positively correlated with ozone dose and ultraviolet intensity. The initial total residual oxidant (TRO) concentration of e uent increased with increasing ozone dose, and persistence of TRO resulted in an extended period of toxicity. The results suggest that UV/Ag-TiO2/O3 has potential for ballast water treatment.