UBAF与纤维球过滤结合工艺的应用于污水回用的试验研究

利用升流式曝气生物滤池（UBAF）与纤维球过滤相结合的工艺对城市污水进行深度处理。使其达到回用的要求，结果表明，对于经过二级处理后的可生物降解性较差的城市污水，应用UBAF和纤维球过滤相结合的处理工艺能够取得很好的效果，处理后的污水完全可以达到污水排放的一级标准和城市生活杂用水的标准。     

TiO2薄膜光电协同催化氧化降解活性艳红

以不同波长紫外光为光源 ,研究了活性艳红在间歇式反应器中的光降解、光催化降解、光电协同催化降解行为 .结果表明 :在相同条件下 ,光催化降解速度快于光降解速度 ,而光电协同催化降解速度取决于协同电场的方向 ,当电场方向与紫外线照射方向相同时 ,降解速度比光催化速度慢 ,而当电场方向与紫外线照射方向相反时 ,其降解速度快于光催化降解速率 .     

废旧农用塑料薄膜再生利用技术研究

介绍了国内外废旧塑料回收利用的趋势，分析了我国废旧农用塑料回收利用现状，以农用废旧薄膜为资源化方向，改进和完善了再生利用生产技术。     

金属丝网负载TiO_2光催化降解染料废水

通过溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米二氧化钛,采用浸渍提拉的方法将TiO2固定在金属丝网上,通过掺杂碳黑获得高比表面的催化薄膜,用比表面仪、X-ray衍射仪进行表征。设计了光催化降解染料废水的反应装置,探讨了制备工艺和光催化反应条件对催化性能的影响。结果表明:在pH值为4.0、加入2.5mL/LH2O2的反应条件下,用400℃热处理温度、镀膜4次的催化薄膜对染料脱色率达92.4%,COD去除率达75.6%。     

Electrochemical oxidation of 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (6：2 FTS) on DSA electrode：Operating parameters and mechanism

The 6:2 FTS was the substitute for perfluorooctane sulfonate(PFOS) in the chrome plating industry in Japan. Electrochemical oxidation of 6:2 FTS was investigated in this study. The degradabilities of PFOS and 6:2 FTS were tested on the Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5–Bi2O3anode. The effects of current density,potential,and supporting electrolyte on the degradation of 6:2 FTS were evaluated. Experimental results showed that 6:2 FTS was more easily degraded than PFOS on the Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5–Bi2O3anode. At a low current density of 1.42 mA/cm2,6:2 FTS was not degraded on Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5–Bi2O3,while the degradation ratio increased when the current density ranged from 4.25 to 6.80 mA/cm2. The degradation of 6:2 FTS at current density of 6.80 mA/cm2 followed pseudo first-order kinetics with the rate constant of 0.074 hr-1. The anodic potential played an important role in the degradation of 6:2 FTS,and the pseudo first-order rate constants increased with the potential. The surface of Ti/SnO2–Sb2O5–Bi2O3was contaminated after electrolysis at constant potential of 3 V,while the fouling phenomenon was not observed at 5 V. The fouled anode could be regenerated by incinerating at 600°C. The intermediates detected by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a triple-stage quadrupole mass spectrometer(UPLC–MS/MS) were shorter chain perfluorocarboxylic acids. The 6:2 FTS was first attacked by hydroxyl radical,and then formed perfluorinated carboxylates,which decarboxylated and removed CF2 units to yield shorter-chain perfluorocarboxylic acids.     

新型光电催化反应器的设计及其反应动力学

研制了一种新型的光电催化反应器,并对PEG-2000模拟废水进行了降解动力学研究。结果表明,电解、光催化、光电催化去除0.5 g/L的PEG-2000模拟废水中COD为零级反应,从动力学角度来看,光电协同作用明显;在不同的外加偏压、初始pH值、曝气量和光强条件下,反应符合零级动力学规律;不同初始浓度PEG-2000模拟废水的光电催化反应具有不同的反应级数,高浓度时,此光电催化体系符合零级反应动力学规律,低浓度时,光电催化氧化符合一级反应动力学规律。     

基于PVDF传感器的无线冲击加速度测量研究

为研究基于压电薄膜(PVDF)的冲击加速度测量,本文建立了PVDF冲击加速度的无线测试平台。首先,在分析PVDF的压电机理、工作模式基础上,给出了冲击加速度的测量电路模型;其次,针对柔性结构,与电阻应变片进行对比标定,给出了峰值电荷q与结构应变ε的关系;针对刚性结构,与冲击台自带的压电加速度传感器进行了对比和标定,给出了峰值电荷q与峰值加速度a的关系;最后,搭建了以Imote2和YE6241台式冲击台为核心的无线PVDF压电信号采集的平台,采样速率为420 Hz,和有线进行对比,验证了本文设计的无线冲击加速度测试平台的准确性和可信性。实验表明,这种无线冲击加速度测试平台具有采样速率高、灵敏度高、质量轻、无需布线、使用方便等特点,具有较好的研究和应用前景。     

Evaluation of a cost e ective technique for treating aquaculture water discharge using Lolium perenne Lam as a biofilter

Wastewater stabilization ponds generate low cost by-products that are useful for agriculture. The utilization of these by-products for soil amendment and as a source of nutrients for plants requires a high level of sanitation and stabilization of the organic matter, to maintain acceptable levels of soil, water and air quality. In this study, two aquaculture wastewater treatment systems; recirculating system and a floating plant bed system were designed to improve the quality of irrigation water in local communities with low income. In both systems the grass species Lolium perenne Lam was used as a plant biofilter while vegetable specie Amaranthus viridis was used to evaluate the performance of the system and the suitability of the phyto-treated water for irrigation. It was found that the harmful material removal rate for recirculating system was 88.9% for TAN （total ammonia nitrogen）, 90% for NO2--N, 64.8% for NO3--N while for floating plant bed system 82.7% for TAN, 82% for NO2--N and 60.5% for NO3--N. Comparative analysis of the efficiency of waste element removal between the two systems revealed that both systems performed well, however, plant growth was not robust for floating plant bed system while recirculating system is energy consuming. Although both systems did not attain sufficient levels of TN （total nitrogen） and TP （total phosphorus） load reduction, the treatment with L. perenne remarkably improved the irrigation water quality. A. viridis plants irrigated with the phyto-treated discharge water had lesser concentrations of heavy metals in their tissues compared to those irrigated with untreated discharge. The control plants irrigated with untreated discharge were also found to be highly lignified with few stems and small leaves.     

电缆细菌对沉积物-水界面磷、铁、硫分布影响的室内模拟研究

电缆细菌的存在会改变沉积物-水界面的氧化还原环境,进而影响沉积物-水系统中磷、铁、硫的迁移转化过程.本研究选取存在电缆细菌的原位南沙河沉积物-水系统为研究对象,在暗处15℃下培养30 d,利用薄膜扩散梯度（DGT）技术获取了活性磷、活性硫和活性铁的2 mm分辨率剖面分布特征,并结合原位荧光杂交技术确定了电缆细菌的密度.结果表明：随着沉积深度的增加,间隙水活性磷、活性铁和活性硫均呈现出先增加后减小再趋于稳定的趋势,均值分别为0.743～1.017 mg·L^-1、0.383～0.954 mg·L^-1和0.033～0.141 mg·L^-1,且均有向上覆水释放的趋势.随着培养时间的延长,0～1 cm间隙水中活性磷含量呈先减小后增加的趋势,在第10 d达到最小,均值为0.604 mg·L^-1,1 cm以下间隙水中活性磷含量呈现逐渐增加的趋势,在第30 d达到最大,均值为1.090 mg·L^-1.0～10 cm间隙水中活性铁和活性硫含量呈现先增加后减小的趋势,在第10 d达到最大,均值分别...     

一种新型CO气敏双层薄膜材料

介绍了一种新型结构 CO气敏的半导体薄膜材料——粉末溅射方法制备的表面层掺杂 Sn O2 /Sn O2 ∶ Pt双层膜的气敏特性。分析了双层膜中的导电层厚度对气敏特性的影响 ,并对气敏机理的有关问题进行了讨论