废旧车用载钯催化剂中钯的浸出研究

针对汽车尾气的污染,汽车排气系统都安装有含铂族金属的汽车催化剂.废旧汽车催化剂已成为铂族金属重要的二次资源.本文采用湿法浸出整体式蜂窝陶瓷汽车催化剂中的铂族金属钯.氧化焙烧废汽车催化剂除去积炭和其他有机物,再磨细过筛100目后烘干.预处理过的废催化剂用还原剂HCOOH溶液将催化剂中氧化态钯转化为单质钯,在70℃恒温下,用盐酸和氧化剂NaClO3选择性浸出钯.本文比较了几种浸出方法的结果,考察了HCl-NaClO3浸出体系的几个因素对钯浸出的影响,确定了最佳浸出条件.实验结果表明,HCl-NaClO3浸出体系在优化条件下能完全浸出催化剂中的钯,该方法可以用于钯的回收和对催化剂中的钯进行定量分析.     

VQS提高催化裂化装置运行周期

由石油大学、石化工程建设公司、九江石离效率达98.5%以上.在催化裂化装置上应用化总厂和锡山石化设备总厂共同承担的集团具有较大操作弹性的旋流式快分系统,使之公司科研项目"管输油FCC(催化裂化)装置实现了气固快速分离、催化剂的快速汽提和VQS(旋流式快分系统)技术开发与工业试油气的快速引出,如此"三快"巧妙地组合在验"项目,5月15日通过集团公司专家鉴定.专家认为,这个项目所取得的成果达到国际先进水平.     

资源型矿区可持续发展系统的协调性分析

资源型矿区可持续发展问题已成为人们关注的焦点.矿产资源需求的增加,开采力度的加强,资源不可避免的减少,而与矿产资源紧密相连的矿区,其生存和发展也随之面临着严峻挑战.从资源型矿区的现状出发,分析了我国矿区目前面临的问题,并从这些问题着手,提出了协调性的观点.基于协调性的观点,采用矿区可持续发展系统整体协调发展指数对资源型矿区可持续发展整体协调性进行了评价,认为资源型矿区的持续发展必须依靠其自身内部子系统的协调.     

Ag/Al2O3催化剂还原NO性能的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备Ag/Al2O3催化剂系列,研究了活性组分Ag的负载量、焙烧温度、氧气浓度、还原剂C3H6以及NO浓度对Ag/Al2O3催化剂催化活性的影响.     

利用废钴催化剂生产环烷酸钴

本文介绍了利用废钴催化剂生产环烷酸钴的原理、工艺流程和操作条件,同时对产品质量和生产工艺的注意事项作了说明,还提出了该工艺的技术经济效果。     

从废醋酸锌-活性炭催化剂中提取锌

研究了用微波辐射预处理废醋酸锌-活性炭催化剂提取锌的方法，考察了微波辐射时让、盐酸质量浓度、浸出时间、浸出温度、洗涤次数等因素对锌浸出率的影响。实验结果表明，微波辐射时间对锌的浸出率影响较明显，其他因素对锌的浸出率影响不大。锌的最佳浸出条件为：微波辐射时间30min，液固比（质量比）4：1，浸出剂盐酸的质量浓度30g/L，室温搅拌浸出1h，洗涤5次，在此条件下，锌的平均浸出率为93．55％。     

CuO-Ru/Al2O3 催化臭氧化降解苯乙酮的研究

采用浸渍法制备了以活性Al2O3为载体的双组分催化剂CuO-Ru/Al2O3,利用该催化剂催化臭氧化降解了苯乙酮.结果表明,贵金属钌掺杂能显著提高CuO/Al2O3催化臭氧化苯乙酮的降解效率,如在相同条件下处理30 min后,单独臭氧氧化、CuO/Al2O3/O3和CuO-Ru/Al2O3/O3对苯乙酮水溶液的COD去除率分别为6.3%、20.0%和54.0%.pH对CuO-Ru/Al2O3催化臭氧化降解苯乙酮的效率并没有影响,但与单独臭氧化相比,该催化臭氧化体系更适合在中性或酸性条件下应用.CuO-Ru/Al2O3对水中臭氧有较好的催化分解活性,臭氧分解的速率常数达2.58×10-3s-1,高于二次水中臭氧的分解速率常数1.19×10-3s-1.叔丁醇的试验结果表明,CuO-Ru/Al2O3/O3降解苯乙酮反应遵循羟基自由基(.OH)反应机制.     

Unregulated emissions from a diesel engine equipped with vanadium-based urea-SCR catalyst

The present work is aimed at the study of number-size distribution of particles,volatile organic compounds(VOCs),and carbonyl compounds(CC) or carbonyls emitted from a 4-cylinder turbocharged diesel engine equipped with a vanadium-based urea selective catalytic reduction catalyst.The engine was run on an electric dynamometer in accordance with the European steady-state cycle.Pollutants were analyzed using an electric low pressure impactor,a gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer,and a high performance liquid chromatography system for the number-size distribution of particles,VOCs,and CC emissions,respectively.Experimental results revealed that total number of particles were decreased,and their number-size distributions were moved from smaller sizes to larger sizes in the presence of the catalyst.The VOCs were greatly reduced downstream of the catalyst.There was a strong correlation between the conversion of styrene and ethyl benzene.The conversion rate of benzene increased with increase of catalyst temperature.Formaldehyde,acetaldehyde,acrolein and acetone were significantly reduced,resulting in a remarkable abatement in carbonyls with the use of the vanadium-based urea-SCR system.     

Photocatalytic energy storage ability of TiO2-WO3 composite prepared by wet-chemical technique

TiO2-WO3 hybrid photocatalysts were prepared using wet-chemical technique, and their energy storage performance was characterized by electrochemical galvanostatic method. TiO2 powder was coupled with WO3 powder, which was used as electron pool and the reductive energy could be stored in. As a result, the prepared TiO2-WO3 had good energy storage ability while pure TiO2 showed no capacity and pure WO3 showed quite low performance. The energy storage ability was affected by the crystal structure of WO3 and ca...